Pbx Trunks Time Travel
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Pbx Trunks Time Travel
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You may not know it but you may have used a PBX (Private Branch eXchange) at one time or another. You might even use one at work on a daily basis. A PBX is like a mini phone company central switching office. In a typical telephone switching office, your calls are connected by computer automatically, based on the number you dial. A PBX is like having your own private automated telephone switching office. PBX systems are responsible for routing calls in the following way:
A typical PBX is setup and works like the following diagram:
In this example, the PBX is a server that is responsible for processing calls between various telephone endpoints in and out of the system via either old copper POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) lines or calls could be processed via a VOIP trunk to an IP based service provider. In my system, I use a company called Broadvoice to terminate my calls in and out of the PBX server in my network. Broadvoice is very inexpensive and they have competitive BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) plans that allow unlimited calling to anywhere in the USA & Canada for under $20/month! Broadvoice also supports Asterisk (the open source technology behind the PBX I built) and when you configure Asterisk to the Broadvoice service, you can have up to FOUR simultaneous calls over the IP Trunk connection with them! That means that I can be on the phone, my wife can be on another call from another station, and a 2 other calls can also use the same number for in/outbound calls. It’s a sweet deal! Broadvoice also supports E-911 so if you have a child or elderly person in your house, you can setup your account with them to feature your physical address so that emergency services can be quickly dispatched to your house should the need arise.
Here’s a look at the dashboard on my PBX. I have setup my PBX software to run in a VirtualBox headless virtual machine. The reason I did this is because I periodically backup the VM and this way I can run the VM on any other hardware if the primary hardware fails. This arrangement allows me to quickly recover from a catastrophic hardware failure. VirtualBox is a former Sun Microsystems product and is now owned by Oracle. Fortunately, Oracle still provides VirtualBox for free. A look at the dashboard:
You can see this when you first login to the admin account and from here you can easily see the health status of your PBX. There are LOTS of applications on the PBX that you can use. You can setup extensions, set ring groups, wakeup calls, voice mail boxes for each extension, etc:
The PBX will also process faxes (inbound and outbound) and will convert received faxes to a PDF file and send to an email address of choice (use the same number for both voice and fax operations!). Clearly, this has HUGE benefits for business and home users as you only need one phone number for both:
I have used the FAX functionality from time to time and it works quite well. These days however, most of the time, you can email scanned documents and any option to FAX is becoming increasingly rare. It is nice to know that we have the capability if ever needed though. In addition to some of the applications I’ve just talked about, the PBX software also has some great administrative tools for managing the PBX and reviewing call history through the CDR (Call Detail Record) for looking up call history for internal and external calls processed:
Obviously I have redacted the telephone numbers for privacy reasons. But you get the idea of how it works. You can search for any calls ever made on the system. It is a legal record of call activity that can mirror your phone company’s CDR. You also have access to the CLI console of the PBX via the web UI, which is great for diagnostics and troubleshooting in a pinch:
Because this is a software PBX, there are no longer any needs for expensive telephone interconnect cards or CSU/DSU interfaces (although if you had a need, such items are available for Asterisk). These days, you can generally connect your PBX to the rest of the world via a feature called Trunks. Trunks are what we call the main lines of egress and ingress to your PBX. Without a trunk, you can’t process calls to the PSTN and you would only be able to do station to station calls. A PBX is far more useful when we have a trunk connection to the outside world. In my implementation, I use an IP trunk to connect to Broadvoice so that Broadvoice can process call termination and origination for my public phone number. When anyone calls that number, they are greeted with the IVR (Interactive Voice Response) menu which allows them to “Press 1 for John, Press 2 for Katherine, etc…”. Likewise, when I dial a standard 10 digit number in the form of 617.555.2323, my PBX is setup to route 10 or more dialed digits to my trunk which then passes them on to Broadvoice. Broadvoice then connects the call on behalf of my PBX server and opens the line. We configure a trunk easily within the web UI:
Of course, just like with an office PBX, each extension on our system has its own voicemail box. This allows flexibility on how messages are delivered and ensure that voice messages are distributed to the right person. No more worrying about missed messages because someone forgets to tell you who called or a message that was left for you. The system handles all this, allowing others to go on about life uninterrupted. The PBX has an admin console to manage the voicemail facility:
Here’s a view of the extensions on our system. With a PBX, you are free to create as many extensions as you like. In our use, we have a remote extension in the Philippines which allows us to reach family overseas without having to pay for expensive international calling rates. Our relatives in the Philippines can also dial us either by using the 3 digit extension number or by dialing our cellphones for free using the 10 digit number. This scheme truly and legally bypasses expensive international rates. A look at the extensions setup screen:
For callers that are external to the system, how do you route calls to the right person? We use an IVR (Interactive Voice Response) menu to drive call routing. Based on the caller’s selections, we can tell the PBX where to send the call. It’s like having a full time receptionist at your beck and call 24/7:
One really cool aspect of having a PBX is the end of shouting through the house. Because we have Cisco 7960 phones in each room, we can use a house-wide intercom via the PBX to talk to other in the house that may be on different floors or in different rooms. When my wife is exercising in the attic studio, and I’m in the living room, I don’t have to go up 3 floors to the attic to ask her a question or to get her attention by shouting up the stairs. I can easily dial the phone in the studio and the phone will auto-answer and I can talk directly to her via the speaker on the phone. She doesn’t have to stop what she’s doing and pick up the phone either, all she has to do is answer back. It truly is great for keeping the peace in our household and saving many footsteps. Many times, the Cisco 7960 series IP phones can be had inexpensively on ebay and can be powered directly from an 802.3af compliant PoE switch. (such as a used 3750 or 2960-S, whichever your budget allows):
Last but not least, because I travel quite a bit overseas, having access to USA numbers without expensive roaming or toll rates, I can fire up the free Linphone app (Apple & Android) and provision an extension on the Linphone softphone app. This allows me to be “in system” so that I can leverage the communication power tools and flexibility my PBX affords me. I can call home for free with just a 3 digit call or call any USA/Canada number for free while visiting other countries, and best of all, because I’m placing calls through the PBX, nobody would know I’m out of town because the callerID sent out would be that of my house phone number! Perfect if you have landscapers, or others that you don’t want to know you are away! Because I’m a T-Mobile customer and T-Mobile offers unlimited global data, I can use Linphone abroad anytime, and anywhere (here you can see I’m roaming on Vodafone UK and running Linphone to make a call):
Home » Product Blog » 4 Types of PBX Systems
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Business Phone Systems & Service / January 27, 2022 March 3, 2022 / By
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Whether you’ve just begun researching phone solutions for your business, or you’re looking to upgrade your current system, chances are you’ve come across the acronym PBX. So, what is a PBX phone system? What are the different types of PBX systems? And most importantly, is it right for your business? Well, we’re here to help you answer these questions and more.
Private Branch Exchange, or PBX, is a private telephone network that offers a variety of useful features for businesses. A PBX phone system allows users to communicate over the phone via internal lines, as well as make and receive external calls. It essentially provides businesses with the necessary functions they need instead of using a landline or mobile phone.
Each type of PBX system has its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, depending on the type and size of the business, certain systems will benefit your business more than others. So, let’s explore the 4 types of PBX systems to determine which is right for you.
To make and connect calls, a traditional PBX phone system relies on a physical hardware box. The devices are installed, stored, and maintained at your office. They are typically on every employee’s desk. You connect your business phone lines straight into the box, and the box routes calls to each desk via extensions in your office.
Traditional PBX systems require a significant initial investment. Why? Because you will need to hire a technician to install the system. In addition, should the server need maintenance a technician would need to install updates or repair the software. Leading to additional fees.
Digital PBX systems provide advanced features and improved signal processing over traditional PBX systems. They can support both traditional and IP-based phones and can integrate with VoIP.
The system is often equipped with digital answering assistants, call forwarding and more. Older businesses with unreliable internet connections and old wiring often choose this solution. While it offers some advantages over a traditional PBX, it lacks the vast power of the internet.
Onsite IP PBX System, famously known as the VoIP system, takes full advantage of the power of the internet. Rather than using traditional phone lines, Onsite IP uses the internet. How does this work? Well, voice is converted into data that is then transmitted over the internet. Then, it is converted back to voice for the receiver
In addition to improved call stability and sound quality, IP PBX systems can provide more advanced applications of a PBX system by using the internet. A few of these features include mobile support, video calling, and voicemail to email. This type of system is often considered the most popular because of its VoIP features.
Note: SIP Trunks will likely be needed if you want an on-site VoIP PBX to be as effective as possible. It is are the virtual equivalent to analog telephone lines. They offer additional features such as backups and recovery, call recording, automatic call routing, and more.
Cloud PBX takes all the functionality of a digital system and moves it into a virtual space, eliminating the need for hardware and other equipment. which saves you money on installation and maintenance. It also provides businesses with flexibility and scalability.
In addition, VoIP is a great asset to Cloud PBX. Cloud PBX operated completely over an internet connection. Because of this, you don’t need to have the traditional equipment set up at your location, instead, you’ll need a VoIP provider.
VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is a technology that allows for telephone calls to be made over the Internet.
VoIP is not your typical telephone service. Check out the following step-by-step walkthrough to see how the VoIP system works
Using cloud-based technology, a mobile VoIP system can provide on-the-go functionality. Making it a perfect fit with VoIPs internet-based connection.
By using a PBX system, you can improve your company's customer service, improve team communication, and make your working practices automated. Take a look at the top benefits of a PBX system. (Note: benefits depend on the type of PBX system)
With PBX automation, you can set up a simple menu system if your business receives a large volume of calls. This allows callers to be routed to an extension to reduce waiting time. As a result, you may not need to employ a receptionist .
A PBX uses an internal phone system to route all calls inside the building. Making team communication easy and efficient.
Without a PBX system, if you would like to call your assistant, the call will travel to the local exchange and then back to your business to ring the other phone, which may incur a charge. By using a PBX system, the call would be routed internally without going outside the building.
In addition, certain features boost team communication like:
You can deliver better customer service with a PBX system thanks to its call center features, such as the ability to record, transfer, and route phone calls to the appropriate party every time.
PBX systems can benefit companies of all shapes and sizes. To run a successful company, you need a PBX system that enables seamless communication. The following companies may benefit from a PBX system:
If you’re receiving a high volume of calls you don’t want to waste the caller’s time. Instead, with a PBX phone system, large call volumes can be handled with an automated answering and transfer feature. Instead of hearing a busy signal, every call is answered and transferred accordingly.
If you run a company with multiple locations, there are times when transferred calls will need to go to a different building. PBX systems can forward calls to different offices, or even parts of the country.
Your eCommerce operation depends on speed, and that extends to your phone system as well. By using an autoresponder, you can direct people to the right member of your team without keeping them waiting.
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What is a Private Branch Exchange? (PBX)
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Private Branch Exchange (PBX) is a telephone network that allows a company to have a private switchboard. Employees can dial each other’s extensions and also make outside calls. PBX systems can be either on-premises or hosted by a third-party provider.
Examples of Private Branch Exchange (PBX) systems include Avaya, Mitel, NEC, and ShoreTel. Hosted PBX providers include 8×8, Vonage and RingCentral.
PBX systems have evolved over the years to include telephone capabilities and advanced features like voice mail, faxing, and conferencing. Many PBX systems now use IP technology, allowing employees to access their phone system through softphones on their computers or smartphones.
With a PBX system, an employee can make calls from anywhere in the world as long as they have internet access. PBX systems allow companies to consolidate telephone extensions and create a customized interface for employees and callers.
The following are the main components making up a PBX system.
The four main types of PBX systems include:
On-Premises PBX is a system that is installed in a company’s office. It allows call stability and ideal sound quality since the calls are routed through its network. It also enables companies to control their phone system since they are responsible for maintaining the hardware and software.
Hosted PBX is a system that a third-party provider hosts. It provides companies with flexibility since they can add or remove users at any time. It also offers disaster recovery if something happens to the company’s office. The downside is that it can be more expensive than an on-premises system.
Hybrid PBX is a system that combines the features of an on-premises PBX system with those of a hosted PBX system. It allows companies to have the best of both worlds and is more cost-effective than a hosted PBX system.
Cloud-based PBX is a system that provides PBX capabilities over the internet instead of through a company’s network. The advantages of a cloud-based phone system are that it saves companies from purchasing additional hardware and allows them to add or remove users whenever they want.
A traditional PBX would be physically located in a comp
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