Parasut
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Parasut
PARAŞÜT
22 Eylül 2019
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Paraşüt, küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerin finansal operasyonlarını kolayca yönetmelerini sağlayan bulut tabanlı bir ön muhasebe programıdır.
Paraşüt, kurulum gerektirmez. Dilediğiniz her yerden Paraşüt’e giriş yapabilir, basit arayüzü sayesinde 5 dakika içinde kullanmaya başlayabilirsiniz.
Bilgisayarınıza bağlı kalmanıza gerek yok. İster ofisinizde isterseniz de müşterinizle görüşmedeyken cep telefonunuzdan finansal verilerinize ulaşabilir, e-fatura ve teklif hazırlayıp paylaşabilir, fatura yazdırabilir, çek ile tahsilat ekleyebilirsiniz.
Herhangi bir kurulum, sunucu masrafı, IT yatırımı ve güncelleme ücreti ödemezsiniz. İstediğiniz cihazdan Paraşüt’e giriş yapabilir, sınırsız sayıda kullanıcıyı yetkilendirerek hesaplarınızı yönetebilirsiniz. Elektronik fatura entegrasyonu için de ücret ödemez, ekonomik fiyatlarla web uygulamasından ya da cep telefonunuzdan e-fatura gönderebilirsiniz.
Anahtar Teslim e-Fatura ile başvuru işlemleriyle uğraşmadan ve yerinizden hiç kalkmadan kolayca e-fatura kullanıcısı olabilirsiniz.
Paraşüt Teşvikmatik ile yasalar kapsamında hak ettiğiniz SGK teşviklerini hatasız bir şekilde hesaplatabilir, sisteme yüklenmeye hazır raporunuz ile kolayca teşvik başvurusu yaparak çalışan masraflarınızdan tasarruf edebilirsiniz.
Akıllı Banka Hesap Takibi ile banka hesaplarınızda gerçekleşen her işlem Paraşüt’te anlam kazanır. Paraşüt, işlemi gerçekleştirilen kişiyi tanıyarak sizin yerinize kişinin cari hesabını günceller, otomatik olarak açık faturalarınızı kapatır. Böylece banka hesaplarınızı kontrol etmek için ekranlar arasında kaybolmaz, tüm hesap bakiyelerinizi tek bir ekrandan görüntüleyebilirsiniz.
Başvurunuzdan kullanım sürecine kadar her aşamada destek alın, ön muhasebe sürecinizi daha da kolaylaştırın.
Paraşüt’ü kullanmaya başlamak için tek yapmanız gereken 14 günlük ücretsiz deneme hesabınızı oluşturmak. Deneme süresi sonunda memnun kalırsanız size en uygun abonelik paketini seçerek Paraşüt’ü kullanmaya devam edebilirsiniz. Ayrıntılı bilgi için Paraşüt’ün web sitesini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere
This article is about the device. For sports and other activities involving a parachute, see Parachuting . For other uses, see Parachute (disambiguation) .
This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points . Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. ( August 2021 )
This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( January 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )
This section is missing information about ringslot and ringsail parachutes. Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page . ( August 2022 )
This section needs attention from an expert in aviation . The specific problem is: Ignorance about these parachute types has led to an error in the Apollo command and service module page. WikiProject Aviation may be able to help recruit an expert. ( August 2022 )
This section needs to be updated . The reason given is: The statements in the Cruciform subsection, regarding the T-11 parachute and its replacement of the T-10, are prospective toward an ambiguous point in the future and tells the reader nothing chronologically useful. Regardless, it appears the program mentioned has now been complete for several years, requiring edits to this description.. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( March 2021 )
^ Moolman, Valerie (1980). The Road to Kitty Hawk . New York: Time-Life Books . pp. 19–20. ISBN 9780809432608 .
^ Jump up to: a b White 1968 , p. 466
^ Jump up to: a b White 1968 , pp. 462f.
^ Jump up to: a b c d White 1968 , p. 465
^ White 1968 , pp. 465f.
^ Marc van den Broek (2019), Leonardo da Vinci Spirits of Invention. A Search for Traces , Hamburg: A.TE.M., ISBN 978-3-00-063700-1
^ BBC: Da Vinci's Parachute Flies (2000); FoxNews: Swiss Man Safely Uses Leonardo da Vinci Parachute Archived April 21, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (2008)
^ Francis Trevelyan Miller, The world in the air: the story of flying in pictures , G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1930, pages 101–106
^ He's in the paratroops now , Alfred Day Rathbone, R.M. McBride & Company, 1943, University of California.
^ Jump up to: a b Bogdanski, René. The Croatian Language by Example . As an example for Diachronic analysis : One of his most important inventions, is, without doubt, the parachute, which he experimented and tested on himself, by jumping off a bridge in Venice. As documented by the English bishop John Wilkins (1614–1672) 30 years later, in his book Mathematical Magic published in London in 1648.
^ Parachute on 321chutelibre (in French)
^ Parachuting Archived November 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (on Aero.com): " Like his countryman's concept, Veranzio's seems to have remained an idea only. Though his idea was greatly publicized, no evidence has been found that there ever was a homo volans of his or any other time who tested and proved Veranzio's plan. "
^ Jump up to: a b Soden, Garrett (2005). Defying Gravity: Land Divers, Roller Coasters, Gravity Bums, and the Human Obsession with Falling . W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 21–22. ISBN 978-0-393-32656-7 .
^ Fogel, Gary (2021). Sky Rider: Park Van Tassel and the Rise of Ballooning in the West . University of New Mexico Press. pp. 38–43. ISBN 978-0-8263-6282-7 .
^ Jump up to: a b De Prins der Geillustreerde Bladen, February 18, 1911, p. 88-89.
^ Jump up to: a b Ritter, Lisa (April–May 2010). "Pack Man: Charles Broadwick Invented a New Way of Falling" . Air & Space . 25hioj, johhhl: 68–72 . Retrieved March 1, 2013 .
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Parachuting at the site Divo: The Russian Book of records and achievements (in Russian)
^ U.S. Patent 1,108,484
^ Štefan Banič, Konštruktér, vynálezca , Matematický ústav, Slovenská akadémia vied, obituary. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
^ "Banic: The inventor of the parachute" , osobnosti.sk (Slovak)
^ Jump up to: a b "Inventions That Shook The World: 1910s" . dcmp.org . Retrieved 2018-03-05 .
^ Ritter, Lisa (April–May 2010). "Pack Man" . Air & Space . 25 (1): 68–72.
^ May 1931, Popular Mechanics photo of observation balloon gondola with external bag parachutes used by British Royal Navy
^ Lee, Arthur Gould (1968). No parachute . London: Jarrolds. ISBN 0-09-086590-1 . (?); Harper & Row 1970, ISBN 978-0060125486
^ Yarwood, Vaughan (January 2022), "Leap of Faith" , New Zealand Geographic , 173
^ Jump up to: a b c Mackersey, Ian (2012). No Empty Chairs: The Short and Heroic Lives of the Young Aviators Who Fought and Died in the First World War (Paperback). London: Hachette UK. ISBN 9780753828137 .
^ "Testing the Limits at Cape Hallett" (PDF) . The Journal of the New Zealand Antarctic Society . 23 (4): 68. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2016.
^ "Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal, #37" , 2006, Page 28
^ Aviatory Life Buoy, U.S. Patent 1,192,479 , July 25, 1916, awarded to inventor Solomon Lee Van Meter, Jr.
^ Kentucky Aviation Pioneers – Solomon Lee Van Meter, Jr. (1888–1937) Archived July 6, 2010, at the Wayback Machine , KET Aviation Museum Of Kentucky
^ Jump up to: a b Guttman, Jon (May 2012). "Heinecke Parachute: A Leap of Faith for WWI German Airmen" . Military History Magazine . p. 23.
^ Mahncke, J O E O (December 2000). "Early Parachutes, An evaluation of the use of parachutes, with special emphasis on the Royal Flying Corps and the German Lufstreitkräfte, until 1918" . South African Military History Journal . 11 (6).
^ Archives, The National. "The Discovery Service" .
^ Collier 1920–1929 Recipients , National Aeronautic Association web site.
^ Cooper, Ralph S. "The Irvin Parachute, 1924" . Earthlink.net . Retrieved October 22, 2013 .
^ Dr L. de Jong, 'Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog', (Dutch language) part 3, RIOD, Amsterdam, 1969
^ Dr L. de Jong, 'Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog', (Dutch language) part 10a-II, RIOD, Amsterdam, 1980
^ "obit-adeline-gray" . www.oxford-historical-society.org . Retrieved 2021-03-28 .
^ Pierre Marcel Lemoigne, U.S. Patent 3,228,636 (filed: November 7, 1963; issued: January 11, 1966).
^ Palau, Jean-Michel (February 20, 2008). "Historique du Parachutisme Ascensionnel Nautique" (in French). Le Parachutisme Ascensionnel Nautique . Retrieved October 22, 2013 . Includes photo of Lemoigne.
^ See also: Theodor W. Knacke, "Technical-historical development of parachutes and their applications since World War I (Technical paper A87-13776 03-03)," 9th Aerodynamic Decelerator and Balloon Technology Conference (Albuquerque, New Mexico; October 7–9, 1986) (New York, N.Y.: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1986), pages 1–10.
^ Mitcheltree, R; Witkowski, A. "High Altitude Test Program for a Mars Subsonic Parachute" (PDF) . American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-07-03.
^ Ryan, Charles W. (1975). Sport Parachuting . Chicago: Henry Regnery Company. p. 191. ISBN 0-8092-8378-6 .
^ International Skydiving Museum & Hall of Fame. "International Skydiving Hall of Fame Member Domina C. Jalbert" . Retrieved 6 Jun 2020 .
^ "Skydiving Safety" . United States Parachute Association. Archived from the original on August 22, 2018 . Retrieved November 26, 2018 .
^ Jump up to: a b c d Scott Royce E. "Bo." Jump School at Fort Benning (originally published in a column called DUSTOFF in the July – August 1988 Issue of the Screaming Eagle Magazine ) Archived November 30, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
^ Jeffrey S. Hampton (December 15, 2003). " 'Hero of Aviation' speaks about record-setting free fall". The Virginian-Pilot . p. Y1.
^ Tim Friend (August 18, 1998). "Out of thin air His free fall from 20 miles (32 km) put NASA on firm footing". USA Today . p. 1D.
^ "Data of the stratospheric balloon launched on 8/16/1960 For EXCELSIOR III" . Stratocat.com.ar. September 25, 2013 . Retrieved October 22, 2013 .
^ "Faster than the speed of sound: the man who falls to earth" . Independent.co.uk . January 25, 2010. Archived from the original on 2022-05-24.
^ Ballistic recovery systems A U.S. Patent 4607814 A , Boris Popov, August 26, 1986
^ Klesius, Michael (January 2011). "How Things Work: Whole-Airplane Parachute" . Air & Space . Retrieved October 22, 2013 .
Look up parachute in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Parachute .
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parachutes .
A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag or, in a ram-air parachute, aerodynamic lift . A major application is to support people, for recreation or as a safety device for aviators, who can exit from an aircraft at height and descend safely to earth.
A parachute is usually made of a light, strong fabric. Early parachutes were made of silk . The most common fabric today is nylon . A parachute's canopy is typically dome-shaped, but some are rectangles, inverted domes, and other shapes.
A variety of loads are attached to parachutes, including people, food, equipment, space capsules , and bombs .
In 852, in Córdoba, Spain , the Moorish man Armen Firman attempted unsuccessfully to fly by jumping from a tower while wearing a large cloak. It was recorded that "there was enough air in the folds of his cloak to prevent great injury when he reached the ground." [1]
The earliest evidence for the true parachute dates back to the Renaissance period. [2] The oldest parachute design appears in an anonymous manuscript from 1470s Renaissance Italy (British Library, Add MS 34113, fol. 200v), showing a free-hanging man clutching a crossbar frame attached to a conical canopy. [3] As a safety measure, four straps ran from the ends of the rods to a waist belt. The design is a marked improvement over another folio (189v), which depicts a man trying to break the force of his fall using two long cloth streamers fastened to two bars, which he grips with his hands. [4] Although the surface area of the parachute design appears to be too small to offer effective air resistance and the wooden base-frame is superfluous and potentially harmful, the basic concept of a working parachute is apparent. [4]
Shortly after, a more sophisticated parachute was sketched by the polymath Leonardo da Vinci in his Codex Atlanticus (fol. 381v) dated to ca. 1485. [3] Here, the scale of the parachute is in a more favorable proportion to the weight of the jumper. A square wooden frame, which alters the shape of the parachute from conical to pyramidal, held open Leonardo's canopy. [4] It is not known whether the Italian inventor was influenced by the earlier design, but he may have learned about the idea through the intensive oral communication among artist-engineers of the time . [5] [6] The feasibility of Leonardo's pyramidal design was successfully tested in 2000 by Briton Adrian Nicholas and again in 2008 by the Swiss skydiver Olivier Vietti-Teppa. [7] According to the historian of technology Lynn White , these conical and pyramidal designs, much more elaborate than early artistic jumps with rigid parasols in Asia, mark the origin of "the parachute as we know it." [2]
The Venetian polymath and inventor Fausto Veranzio or Faust Vrančić (1551–1617) examined da Vinci's parachute sketch and kept the square frame but replaced the canopy with a bulging sail-like piece of cloth that he came to realize decelerates a fall more effectively. [4] A now-famous depiction of a parachute that he dubbed Homo Volans (Flying Man), showing a man parachuting from a tower, presumably St Mark's Campanile in Venice , appeared in his book on mechanics, Machinae Novae ("New Machines", published in 1615 or 1616), alongside a number of other devices and technical concepts. [8]
It was once widely believed that in 1617, Veranzio, then aged 65 and seriously ill, implemented his design and tested the parachute by jumping from St Mark's Campanile, [9] from a bridge nearby, [10] or from St Martin's Cathedral in Bratislava . [11] In various publications it was incorrectly claimed the event was documented some thirty years later by John Wilkins , founder and secretary of the Royal Society in London , in his book Mathematical Magick or, the Wonders that may be Performed by Mechanical Geometry , published in London in 1648. [10] However, Wilkins wrote about flying, not parachutes, and does not mention Veranzio, a parachute jump, or any event in 1617. Doubts about this test, which include a lack of written evidence, suggest it never occurred, and was instead a misreading of historical notes. [12]
The modern parachute was invented in the late 18th century by Louis-Sébastien Lenormand in France , who made the first recorded public jump in 1783. Lenormand also sketched his device beforehand.
Two years later, in 1785, Lenormand coined the word "parachute" by hybridizing an Italian prefix para , an imperative form of parare = to avert, defend, resist, guard, shield or shroud, from paro = to parry, and chute , the French word for fall , to describe the aeronautical device's real function.
Also in 1785, Jean-Pierre Blanchard demonstrated it as a means of safely disembarking from a hot-air balloon . While Blanchard's first parachute demonstrations were conducted with a dog as the passenger, he later claimed to have had the opportunity to try it himself in 1793 when his hot air balloon ruptured and he used a parachute to descend. (This event was not witnessed by others).
Subsequent development of the parachute focused on it becoming more compact. While the early parachutes were made of linen stretched over a wooden frame, in the late 1790s, Blanchard began making parachutes from folded silk , taking advantage of silk's strength and light weight . In 1797, André Garnerin made the first descent of a "frameless" parachute covered in silk. [13] In 1804 Jérôme Lalande introduced a vent in the canopy to eliminate violent oscillations. [13] In 1887, Park Van Tassel and Thomas Scott Baldwin invented a parachute in San Francisco, California with Baldwin making the first successful parachute jump in the western United States. [14]
In 1907 Charles Broadwick demonstrated two key advances in the parachute he used to jump from hot air balloons at fairs : he folded his parachute into a backpack and the parachute was pulled from the pack by a static line attached to the balloon. When Broadwick jumped from the balloon, the static line became taut, pulled the parachute from the pack, and then snapped. [16]
In 1911 a successful test took place with a dummy at the Eiffel tower in Paris . The puppet's weight was 75 kg (165 lb); the parachute's weight was 21 kg (46 lb). The cables between puppet and the parachute were 9 m (30 ft) long. [15] On February 4, 1912, Franz Reichelt jumped to his death from the tower during initial testing of his wearable parachute.
Also in 1911, Grant Morton made the first parachute jump from an airplane , a Wright Model B piloted by Phil Par
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