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Federal government websites often end in. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The site is secure. NCBI Bookshelf. Rachel N. Lipari , Ph. Authors Rachel N. Background: Prescription drug misuse is a public health concern. It can be useful to understand the sources of the prescription drugs that are misused and whether these sources differ based on the type of user misusing the substance. Method: This report uses combined and data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health to estimate nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers and the source for the most recently misused pain reliever by past year misusers. Results are shown by three mutually exclusive groups: 1 recent initiates, 2 nonrecent initiate frequent users, and 3 nonrecent initiate occasional users. Recent initiates are defined as those who initiated misuse of prescription pain relievers in the past year. Occasional users are defined as those who were not recent initiates and misused prescription pain relievers fewer than 52 days in the past year. Frequent users are defined as those who were not recent initiates and misused prescription pain relievers on 52 days or more in the past year. Results: An annual average of About one-half of those who misused prescription pain relievers in the past year said that they obtained the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused from a friend or relative for free. For all three types of users, the two most commonly cited sources of obtaining the prescription pain relievers were obtaining the drugs from a friend or relative for free and obtaining the drugs from one doctor. Frequent users were more likely than recent initiates and occasional users to obtain their most recently misused pain relievers by buying them from a friend or relative, by buying them from a drug dealer or other stranger, or by obtaining them from more than one doctor. Conclusion: Results of this report suggest that Americans may be able to play a direct role in impacting access to these prescription pain relievers by not sharing their prescription medications and disposing of unused pain relievers once the need for the medication has passed. Regardless of age, gender, or type of user, most people who misuse prescription pain relievers obtained the drugs from a friend or relative. However, the second most common source was from one doctor. Therefore, to reduce the availability of pain relievers for nonmedical use, medical practitioners may need to not only continue to exercise care in prescribing and monitoring their patients for signs of misuse, but they may also consider whether to counsel their patients about disposing of remaining dosage units. Misuse of prescription pain relievers is, after marijuana use, the second most common form of illicit drug use in the United States. Most of the When taken without a physician's direction and oversight, these medications can cause serious adverse consequences and can lead to a substance use disorder, overdose, or death. NSDUH is a nationally representative annual survey of approximately 67, people aged 12 or older throughout the United States. NSDUH is a primary source of information on the scope and nature of many substance use and mental health issues affecting the nation. NSDUH asks respondents questions related to their nonmedical use of prescription-type pain relievers during the past year. Nonmedical use hereafter referred to as misuse is defined as the use of prescription-type drugs not prescribed for the respondent by a physician or used only for the experience or feeling they caused. In this issue of The CBHSQ Report , past year misusers are categorized into three mutually exclusive groups: 1 recent initiates, 2 frequent users, and 3 occasional users. When comparing across subgroups of three or more levels, log-linear chi-square tests of independence of the subgroups and the outcome of interest were conducted to control the error level for multiple comparisons. When Shah's Wald F test indicates overall significant differences, individual pairwise comparisons between subgroup levels e. Only those pairwise comparisons found to be significant at the 0. All findings presented in this report are annual averages based on combined and NSDUH data. This represents 4. NSDUH respondents who misused prescription pain relievers were asked to identify where they obtained the prescription pain relievers that they had most recently misused. About 1 in 5 people said that they obtained the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused from one doctor Only 4. About 4. Only 0. Source of prescription pain relievers for the most recent nonmedical use among past year users aged 12 or older: annual averages, and For males and females, the most common source of the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused was from a friend or relative for free Figure 2. However, this was a more common source for females than for males In contrast, males were more likely than females to indicate that they bought their most recently misused prescription pain relievers from a friend or relative Although there was no difference in the percentage of males and females regarding obtaining misused prescription pain relievers from one doctor, males were more likely than females to obtain their misused prescription pain relievers from more than one doctor 3. Males were also more likely than females to indicate that they bought the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused from a drug dealer or other stranger 6. Source of prescription pain relievers for the most recent nonmedical use among past year users aged 12 or older, by gender: annual averages, and For all three age groups, the most common source of the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused was from a friend or relative for free Figure 3. However, this was a more common source for young adults aged 18 to 25 and adults aged 26 or older than for adolescents aged 12 to 17 Young adults aged 18 to 25 were less likely than adolescents aged 12 to 17 and adults aged 26 or older to indicate that they obtained the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused from one doctor Conversely, young adults aged 18 to 25 were more likely than adolescents aged 12 to 17 and adults aged 26 or older to indicate that they bought the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused from a friend or relative Young adults were also more likely than adolescents or adults aged 26 or older to indicate that they bought the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused from a drug dealer or other stranger 7. Source of prescription pain relievers for the most recent nonmedical use among past year users aged 12 or older, by age group: annual averages, and There were 6. For all three types of users recent initiates, occasional users, and frequent users , the two most commonly cited sources of the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused were 1 from a friend or relative for free and 2 from one doctor Figure 4. However, recent initiates and occasional users were more likely than frequent users to report that they obtained the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused from a friend or relative for free Frequent users were more likely than other users to have bought their most recently misused pain relievers from a friend or relative, bought them from a drug dealer or other stranger, or obtained them from more than one doctor. For example, 9. The percentage of those who obtained their most recently misused pain relievers by taking them from a friend or relative without asking was lower among frequent users than among recent initiates and occasional users. Source of prescription pain relievers for the most recent nonmedical use among past year users aged 12 or older, by type of user: annual averages, and Nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers has been the second most common type of illicit drug use in the United States for more than a decade. The mortality rates for adults aged 18 to 64 for opioid overdoses have increased from 4. Americans may be able to limit access to prescription pain relievers by not sharing their prescription medications with others and disposing of unused pain relievers when the need for the medication has passed. Therefore, to reduce the availability of pain relievers for nonmedical use, physicians and other medical practitioners may need to exercise care in prescribing drugs and in monitoring their patients or clients for signs of misuse. Physicians and other medical practitioners may consider talking with their patients or clients about not sharing their prescription medications, preventing others from accessing their medications, and disposing of remaining dosage units. Policymakers may want to consider measures to reduce diversion of prescription pain relievers from legitimate medical use. Lipari, R. How people obtain the prescription pain relievers they misuse. All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission from SAMHSA. Citation of the source is appreciated. Turn recording back on. Help Accessibility Careers. Search term. Contact 1 Email: vog. Summary Background: Prescription drug misuse is a public health concern. About one-half of those who misused prescription pain relievers in the past year said that they obtained the prescription pain relievers they had most recently misused from a friend or relative for free Recent initiates, occasional users, and frequent users, when combined, equal An annual average of 1. Recent initiates, occasional users, and frequent users were all most likely to get the drugs they misused from a friend or relative for free and from one doctor; however, frequent users were more likely than recent initiates and occasional users to obtain their most recently misused pain relievers by buying them from a friend or relative, by buying them from a drug dealer or other stranger, or by obtaining them from more than one doctor. Introduction Misuse of prescription pain relievers is, after marijuana use, the second most common form of illicit drug use in the United States. Figure 1 Source of prescription pain relievers for the most recent nonmedical use among past year users aged 12 or older: annual averages, and Figure 2 Source of prescription pain relievers for the most recent nonmedical use among past year users aged 12 or older, by gender: annual averages, and Figure 3 Source of prescription pain relievers for the most recent nonmedical use among past year users aged 12 or older, by age group: annual averages, and Figure 4 Source of prescription pain relievers for the most recent nonmedical use among past year users aged 12 or older, by type of user: annual averages, and Discussion Nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers has been the second most common type of illicit drug use in the United States for more than a decade. Suggested Citation Lipari, R. Endnotes 1. Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Hughes, A. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prescription opioid overdose data. Nonmedical use of any prescription-type pain relievers does not include use of over-the-counter drugs. The estimates for the source of most recent nonmedical use include a past month users who reported a single source for this drug for their past month nonmedical use and b all other past month and past year users who reported their most recent source of obtainment of this drug for their most recent nonmedical use. Paulozzi, L. Vital signs: Overdoses of prescription opioid pain relievers—United States, — Han, B. Nonmedical prescription opioid use and use disorders among adults aged 18 through 64 years in the United States, — Journal of the American Medical Association, 14 , — Hall, A. Patterns of abuse among unintentional pharmaceutical overdose fatalities. Journal of the American Medical Association, 22 , — McLellan, A. Prescription opioids, overdose deaths, and physician responsibility. In this Page. Related information. PubMed Links to PubMed. Recent Activity. 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Chan School of Public Health shows that in an era when concern about drug abuse has been very high, more U. A live webcast with key government decision makers and the lead pollster was broadcast on Monday, May 18 to discuss what the federal government and public health officials can do to mitigate the national problem of prescription painkiller abuse. Blendon , Richard L. Chan School of Public Health. Those who have known someone who has abused prescription painkillers hold different views about the problem than those who have not. Americans see multiple causes of prescription painkiller abuse. We are also working with Federal, State and local partners to increase access to effective treatment, while reducing overdoses and other consequences of this epidemic. Results of the poll indicate one discrepancy between public opinion and support for policy action. No clear consensus emerges when it comes to expanding access to treatment for addiction to prescription painkillers or heroin. Information on FDA-approved treatments which can successfully treat opioid use disorders is available here. Some states permit adults to buy a medicine called naloxone or Narcan, which reverses the effect of a prescription painkiller or heroin overdose in progress, from retail pharmacies. View the complete poll findings and accompanying charts. Read a Boston Globe article featuring the poll. The nationwide polling results reported here come from one of two parallel polls, conducted by The Boston Globe and Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, one in the U. Representatives of the two organizations worked closely to develop the survey questionnaire and analyze the results of the poll. The Boston Globe and Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health paid for the survey and related expenses. The project team was led by Robert J. Blendon, Richard L. The Harvard research team also included John M. Benson, Research Scientist, Justin M. McMurtry, Research Assistant. For the U. Interviews were conducted in English and Spanish. The interviewing period was April , The data were weighted to reflect the demographics of the national adult population as described by the U. When interpreting these findings, one should recognize that all surveys are subject to sampling error. Results may differ from what would be obtained if the whole U. The sampling error for total U. Possible sources of non-sampling error include non-response bias, as well as question wording and ordering effects. Non-response in telephone surveys produces some known biases in survey-derived estimates because participation tends to vary for different subgroups of the population. Other techniques, including random-digit dialing, replicate subsamples, and systematic respondent selection within households, are used to ensure that the sample is representative. Todd Datz tdatz hsph. Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health brings together dedicated experts from many disciplines to educate new generations of global health leaders and produce powerful ideas that improve the lives and health of people everywhere. Each year, more than faculty members at Harvard Chan teach 1,plus full-time students from around the world and train thousands more through online and executive education courses. Skip to content News. News Menu. Search for:. Public opinion divided on what government action should be taken No clear consensus emerges when it comes to expanding access to treatment for addiction to prescription painkillers or heroin. Methodology The nationwide polling results reported here come from one of two parallel polls, conducted by The Boston Globe and Harvard T. For more information: Todd Datz tdatz hsph.

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