Overdose de bites

Overdose de bites




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Overdose de bites
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Kermott CA, et al., eds. Emergencies and urgent care. In: Mayo Clinic Guide to Self-Care. 7th ed. Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2017.
Human and mammal bites. Merck Manual Professional Version. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/injuries_poisoning/bites_and_stings/human_and_mammal_bites.html. Accessed Jan. 3, 2018.



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Human bites: First aid
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Mayo Clinic offers appointments in Arizona, Florida and Minnesota and at Mayo Clinic Health System locations.
Human bites can be as dangerous as or even more dangerous than animal bites because of the types of bacteria and viruses contained in the human mouth. Human bites that break the skin can become infected. If someone cuts his or her knuckles on another person's teeth, as might happen in a fight, this is also considered a human bite. And a cut on the knuckles from your own teeth, such as from a fall, is considered a human bite.
To take care of a human bite that breaks the skin:
If you haven't had a tetanus shot within five years, your doctor may recommend a booster. In this case, get the booster shot within 48 hours of the injury.
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Medisite > Actualités > Actus Santé à la une > Amputé du pénis après une overdose de Viagra®
Un homme de 66 ans a pris plusieurs pilules de Viagra® (citrate de sildénafil) pour être à la hauteur avec sa petite amie. Mais victime d'une overdose, les médecins auraient dû amputer son pénis.
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Publié par Armelle Bérard Bergery , le 23/09/2013 à 17:35
A trop vouloir bien faire, il a perdu gros... Dans la petite ville de Gigante (Colombie), un homme de 66 ans a consommé du Viagra® pour "impressionner sa petite amie". Mais surpris d'être toujours en érection plusieurs jours après, il s'est décidé à consulter dans un centre hospitalier. Diagnostic : il souffrait d'une inflammation et d'une fracture du pénis . Anticipant le risque de gangrène, les médecins n'auraient pas eu d'autre choix que de recourir à l'amputation.
Le Viagra ®, un médicament à risque
Depuis son opération à l'hôpital de Neiva, cet ancien homme politique irait mieux et récupèrerait "parfaitement" selon l'établissement. Mais l'hôpital a lancé un avertissement aux hommes de la région, leur demandant d'éviter de prendre du Viagra® à haute dose. Le Colombien n'a pas subi le pire sort : la semaine dernière, un Yéménite de 25 ans est mort après avoir consommé cinq pilules miracles en prévision de sa nuit de noces.
Selon France 5 , la véracité de cette information n'aurait pas encore été directement confirmée à un média non colombien, par l'Hôpital universitaire de Neiva. Il n'en reste pas moins que des cas de gangrène du pénis associés au priapisme (érection douloureuse et persistante au-delà de 6h, effet secondaire rare du sildénafil) ont déjà été répertoriés dans la littérature médicale.
Pour en savoir plus, voir Les dangers du Viagra ®
Source : Giganteño sufrio fractura y amputacion de pene , Diario del Huila , 18 septembre 2013.
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Simply put, a poison is any substance that can cause harm to the body. In books and movies, poisons are often presented as strange and mysterious chemicals or products that, when consumed or inhaled, cause intense sickness or immediate death. In real life, most poisonings are actually much less dramatic, but can affect the human body in complicated ways. 
Almost anything can be poisonous or toxic when used in the wrong way, wrong amount or dose, or by the wrong person. Even usually harmless substances like water can be poisonous in certain circumstances.
Toxicity refers to the ability of a substance to cause harm to the body. As was described by Paracelsus (1493-1541): “What is it that is not poison? All things are poison and nothing is without poison. It is the dose only that makes a thing not a poison.”
The word “toxicology” refers to the study of all things poisonous. A “toxicologist” is a scientist or clinician who studies the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of poisonings. Many toxicologists work at Poison Control centers.
In the United States, “Poison Control” refers to the group of 55 accredited, independent Poison Control centers (also known as just “poison centers”) that answer the free Poison Control hotline, 1-800-222-1222 . The hotline is answered all day, every day, year-round. When you dial up Poison Control, your call is directed to the poison center assigned to manage calls from your telephone number. The National Capital Poison Center serves the Washington, DC metro area . Poison Control centers employ specially-trained clinicians like doctors, nurses, and pharmacists who provide evidence and experience-based triage and first aid advice, poisoning prevention education to the public, training for future health care professionals, and serve as an important source of public health surveillance and outbreak detection. While poison centers receive some government funding, Poison Control is not a regulatory nor government entity, and many centers struggle to maintain adequate funding .
Poison Control services are available for every state in the U.S., as well as the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. There are also animal Poison Control centers that specialize in the treatment of non-human poisonings. Some human-focused Poison Control centers can help with less severe animal poisonings, too.
A poison is any substance that can cause harm to a living thing, but a toxin is a more specific kind of poison. A “toxin” is a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms.
Venom is a poisonous substance made specifically by animals such as reptiles, spiders, insects, and some marine animals like lionfish and jellyfish . Venom is usually injected into other living things by biting or stinging. Brown recluse spiders , ants , coral snakes , jellyfish , black widow spiders , and copperhead snakes are just a few examples of venomous animals.
The term venomous is used to describe living things that bite or sting to inject their toxins. The term poisonous is typically used to describe substances that can cause harm to the body when swallowed (ingested). However, a poison is really any substance that can cause harm to the body if ingested, breathed in (inhaled), injected into the body, or absorbed through the skin. While most poisonings are ingestions, Poison Control can assist with any poisoning or envenomation, regardless of the route of exposure.
In order to be affected by a poison, one must first be exposed. An “exposure” means that someone has come into contact with something. You can be exposed to poison ivy if you accidentally touch it and get it on your skin. You can also be exposed to a poison if you eat it, get it into your eye or on your skin, breathe it in, inject it, get stung or bitten by an insect or animal, or have bodily contact with it in some other way. Poison exposures can be intentional or unintentional.
Examples of poison exposures include:
Sometimes, people may have close proximity to a poison without being exposed. In cases like this, poisoning will not occur. Examples of non-exposures include:
An exposure occurs after contact with a poison. However, being exposed to a poison does not always result in harmful effects. The amount of poison you are exposed to is responsible for its effects on the human body. Some things are poisonous in small amounts, while others are only poisonous after exposure to larger amounts. For example, fentanyl is a very powerful opioid painkiller, and injection or ingestion of small amounts of fentanyl can be fatal to humans. Unlike fentanyl, the dietary supplement melatonin can cause toxic effects, but this generally occurs only after exposure to extremely large amounts.
The duration of an exposure also affects its ability to be poisonous. Exposures can be acute or chronic in nature. An acute exposure generally occurs over a very short time period, for example, minutes to hours. Examples of acute exposures include:
Chronic exposures occur over longer periods of time, often weeks to months to years. Examples of chronic exposures include:
An overdose occurs when an individual is exposed to a higher-than-recommended amount of a substance. Not all overdoses are poisonings, but because dosing is an important factor in determining whether an exposure to a substance may result in poisoning, it is important to remember that overdosing on a substance can often result in poisoning.
Although the word “overdose” is often used interchangeably with the word “poisoning,” not all overdoses result in poisoning. Many (but not all) naturally occurring herbal products such as coriander, dill, marigold, Stevia, and Chia, are minimally toxic. These products, which are often listed as “ Generally Recognized as Safe ” or “GRAS” by the United States Food and Drug Administration, are not known to cause significant toxicity, even in overdose. For questions about whether a substance is minimally toxic or potentially dangerous in overdose, get help online or call 1-800-222-1222.
Medication is prescribed to help you, but if taken too frequently or in the wrong dose, or by the wrong person, a medication can also be poisonous. Double dosing occurs when an individual takes twice the amount of medication than they are supposed to take. Double dosing is a common example of a “therapeutic error” that occurs when a medication is taken incorrectly. While double dosing may be safe for some medications, some medications may be very dangerous when taken in double dose. For guidance about what to do if you have taken a double dose, get help online or call 1-800-222-1222.
Both prescription and over-the-counter medications can be dangerous when taken in incorrect amounts or by the wrong route of exposure. Although many people assume that over-the-counter medications are safe, many of them can be poisonous. For example, diphenhydramine, also known as Benadryl or Unisom, is often used for treatment of itching, rashes, and pain caused by allergic reactions as well as insect bites and stings. Even when used correctly, diphenhydramine can cause sleepiness as a side effect. Excessive sleepiness can occur if more than the recommended dose is taken. Another example is eye drops like Visine, which are frequently used to treat red eyes. When used as an eye drop, Visine is generally safe. However, if eye drops are swallowed , they can cause sleepiness, low blood pressure, and a low heart rate. To avoid being poisoned by prescription or over-the-counter drugs, always use medications according to the directions on the package.
We often think of natural products as being safe or good for us, but natural products can also be poisonous. An example of a poisonous natural product is arsenic. Arsenic is an element that is naturally found in the environment in rocks and soil. Because it is naturally present in our environment, humans can be exposed to arsenic by drinking well water or breathing air. If you live in a larger city or urban area, you are probably exposed to arsenic (and other heavy metals and pollutants) in the air you breathe every day. Plants are natural also, but some plant species can be very poisonous . For example, the autumn crocus ( Colchicum autumnale ) plant is a flowering plant that grows naturally in North America. This plant is extremely poisonous . Even a taste of the plant can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other severe symptoms in adults, children, and pets.
An antidote is a medicine or remedy to counteract the effects of a particular poison. For example, naloxone (Narcan) is a medicine that is an antidote to opioid drugs.
Food poisoning, also known as foodborne illness, is sickness caused by eating food contaminated with infectious organisms like bacteria, viruses, or parasites, or toxins in food. Signs and symptoms of food poisoning can start within hours after eating the contaminated food, but depending on the type of food poisoning, they may begin days or even up to two weeks later. Illness caused by food poisoning generally lasts from a few hours to several days. Click here for more information about food poisoning and how to prevent it . 
Poisoning prevention is very important! Since poison exposures are often unexpected and unintentional, it’s best to have the web POISON CONTROL app on your phone or bookmarked in your
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