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Trump is 'cruel,' says Harris about abortion in Georgia, former president goes off script in Pennsylvania. At tribute for cyclist killed in Paris: 'What happened to Paul isn't an isolated case'. The DZ Mafia, a Marseille drug enterprise turned criminal brand with mafia ambitions. Report reveals why Israeli intelligence failed to foresee October 7 attack. What is Hezbollah, and why has it been in conflict with Israel for the past 40 years? COP 'The need to reform the global financial architecture has become even clearer'. Gigantic animals come to life again at the 'Giants' exhibition in Toulouse. Tom Wesselmann, the pop artist long in Warhol's shadow, enters the spotlight. Philippe Charlier, exhibition curator: 'The zombie is a very relevant figure today'. International drug trafficking. This is at the heart of the case which has been the subject of speculation in the Moroccan press for over a week. Who are the protagonists? Around 20 individuals, including members of the police force, government officials, company directors, a notary and a tourism promoter. Above all though are two men attracting most of the attention. The other, Oujda-born entrepreneur Abdenbi Bioui, is one of the country's leading names in construction and real estate. These figures also have political responsibilities, as is often the case in Morocco, where politics and business go hand in hand. The former has been a member of Parliament since He was elected in Zagora in the south, then in Casablanca, where he will take over the reins of the prefecture in He is one of the PAM's major players in the country's economic capital. The second is a former MP. He has led the party in L'Oriental, a region in eastern Morocco, since Both, along with 18 others, were taken into custody on Friday, December 22, at Oukacha Prison. The numerous charges brought against Naciri and Bioui range from international drug trafficking to the formation of a criminal gang, money laundering, despoliation and the falsification of official documents. It was his revelations, delivered to the judicial police and reported by the magazine Jeune Afrique , that led to Naciri and Bioui being referred to the public prosecutor's office and incarcerated. According to the 'Malian,' in , the two elected representatives joined him in a vast cannabis trafficking operation: Several dozen tonnes of resin produced in Morocco were sent abroad every year until Ben Ibrahim's arrest in Arrested in Mauritania in possession of a large quantity of cocaine, he was sentenced to four years in prison. According to him, his alleged accomplices then took advantage of his absence to recover his assets in Morocco, including several apartments and a villa in the upmarket California neighborhood of Casablanca. On his release from prison in , the trafficker was arrested a second time, at Casablanca airport. This time, it was a shipment of 40 tonnes of cannabis that led the police to him. Discovered on a highway service area in Morocco, the drugs were transported in trucks linked to one of the 'Malian's' companies. When questioned, he told investigators that he no longer owned the company at the time of the events: It had been sold to Bioui, who had not changed the vehicles' registrations. The testimony of Ben Ibrahim and that of several of his right-hand men led to the Bioui's arrest, followed by Naciri's. The latter's lawyer acknowledged that 'the main accused was an acquaintance who asked his client for human and personal assistance,' but denied any link with the substance of the case. Nous vous conseillons de modifier votre mot de passe. Videos Investigations Explainers. French Delights Exhibitions Gastronomy Culture. Read more Subscribers only Drug mega-trial set to lift curtain on European trafficking. Subscribe to continue reading. Already a subscriber? Sign in.

Morocco’s smuggling rackets: hashish, people and contraband

Oujda buy cocaine

These datasets underpin the analysis presented in the agency's work. Most data may be viewed interactively on screen and downloaded in Excel format. All countries. Topics A-Z. The content in this section is aimed at anyone involved in planning, implementing or making decisions about health and social responses. Best practice. We have developed a systemic approach that brings together the human networks, processes and scientific tools necessary for collecting, analysing and reporting on the many aspects of the European drugs phenomenon. Explore our wide range of publications, videos and infographics on the drugs problem and how Europe is responding to it. All publications. More events. More news. We are your source of drug-related expertise in Europe. We prepare and share independent, scientifically validated knowledge, alerts and recommendations. About the EUDA. Its mission is: to collect and report information on drugs to meet national and international obligations; to provide information that will enable the Government to formulate anti-drug policies and measures; and to provide information to the general public. In the Observatory published a first National report on the drug situation in Morocco. E-mail addresses have been inserted in a way discouraging spam. Please replace \[a\] by before actually using any of the e-mail addresses. Key national figures and statistics. Contact information for our focal point. This summary was prepared based on Toufiq, J. The content does not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the European Union and has not been subject to the usual EMCDDA data verification procedures. In a national population survey on the prevalence of mental disorders and drug addiction was carried out among sample of 6 people aged 15 and older. It indicates that about 4. Cannabis was the most frequently used illicit substance in the last 12 months. The use of psychoactive substances was more prevalent among males and in rural areas. It has been adapted to the context of Mediterranean countries and surveys to year-old schoolchildren. The sample of the latest study was 5 The study indicates that cannabis use is more prevalent among males than females. Thus 9. The comparison between the and studies indicates an overall decline in cannabis use among to year-olds, with the exception of current cannabis use among males. Thus 5. The MedSPAD survey confirms that tobacco is the most widely used psychoactive substance among school-aged children. Although the use of psychoactive substances among to year-olds is more prevalent among males in general, the prevalence of benzodiazepines misuse is mainly confined to females. Prevention is a major component of the National Strategy Against Addiction —16, which addresses addiction caused by all psychoactive substances. The strategy calls for: the development of prevention and healthy lifestyle promotion programmes based on international best practices; the enhancement of early detection and diagnosis of addictive disorders; the promotion of multi-sectorial cooperation, and cooperation with voluntary associations non-governmental organisations ; and ensuring monitoring evaluation and research into prevention. The Ministry of Health has been the key player since in terms of planning the prevention policy via various strategic documents. It promotes targeted actions for young people, adults and vulnerable groups, with a significant focus on the implementation of a social communication strategy. Schools remain a key location in preventing addictive behaviour among children, and prevention activities in schools are integrated within the wider context of health education. Teacher-led counselling units have been established in some schools. Many schools cooperate with voluntary associations in the implementation of various prevention campaigns. In the Organisation for the Prevention of Addiction, created in , piloted Unplugged , an internationally recognised universal school-based prevention programme, in Moroccan schools. The Moroccan Society Against Tobacco and Drugs mainly implements awareness-raising events and campaigns on tobacco and drugs. The Moroccan Organisation to Foster Listening and Dialogue, created in , also implements awareness-raising and training activities on psychoactive substances and communicable diseases, and encourages alternative leisure activities for schoolchildren. There are several other specialised prevention centres operating in the country that, similar to the voluntary associations, mainly implement awareness-raising activities and capacity development. Details are available on the problem drug use key indicator page. Several studies have been carried out to assess high-risk drug use practices in Morocco. This study confirmed that about three-quarters of drug users have injected drugs at least once in their life, with heroin and cocaine being the most frequently injected substances. The study also indicated rather high prevalence of risky injecting practices and sexual behaviour among drug users. While the prevalence of injecting was lower among female drug users, the study confirmed that females who inject drugs are doing it in more risky way than males, and that female drug users have less access to treatment services. The existing data from the second component of this study, performed in , indicate that heroin is the most frequently used injectable substance among drug users in Nador and Al Hoceima. Morocco is a pioneering country in its provision of abstinence-based and pharmacological treatment to drug users in the Maghreb region; however, a national data collection on treatment clients has not yet been established. Nevertheless, two existing inpatient and seven outpatient units have their own registration systems in place. The Ministry of Health has recently launched various projects to create an integrated data collection system that would facilitate data gathering and reporting for national and international purposes. The treatment demand indicator protocol is being considered for adaptation and implementation in Morocco. Morocco is considered a low prevalence country for HIV, with concentrated epidemics among female sex workers, men who have sex with men, injecting drug users and migrants. It is estimated that about 6. Injecting drug use and heroin use are concentrated in the northern provinces on the Mediterranean coast. The proximity of this region to south European countries and the high mobility of drug users between Morocco and these countries, where HIV and hepatitis C virus HCV prevalence has been fairly high among injectors, is one specific societal factor increasing the vulnerability of Moroccan drug users to drug-related infections. In the north of Morocco the cities of Tangier, Tetouan, Nador and Al Hoceima have been most affected by injecting drug use, although the situation with spread of drug-related infectious diseases seems to be rather variable among them. The first study of HIV risks among people who inject drugs was carried out in on a sample of injecting drug users. Almost half of respondent re-used needles. A follow-up to the study was conducted in , along with the first seroprevalence study using the snowball sampling technique in Nador and Al Hoceima. The same study revealed that about three-quarters of drug users shared their injecting equipment with others. In the respondent-driven sampling study among injecting drug users in Tangier revealed HIV prevalence rates at 0. The studies also indicated that unprotected and high-risk sex, misconceptions about the transmission of HCV, the mobility of drug users and a lack of access to sterile injecting equipment from pharmacies fuel the spread of HIV and HCV among drug users and to their sexual partners. Although Morocco is a pioneering country in the provision of abstinence-based and pharmacological treatments to drug users in the Maghreb region, access to addiction care is hampered by a lack of sufficient human resources and facilities. However, there are plans to expand the care services in coming years, and also to create special and more integrated services with a focus on under-served groups, such as female drug users and young people who use drugs. Detoxification, aftercare and rehabilitation are provided through specialised addiction centres. In the areas where there is no specialised care, detoxification treatment and follow-up care is provided by general hospitals and psychiatric departments. However, the Ministry of Health aims to set up 14 addiction treatment units by in other regions of the country. Furthermore, the Ministry aims to improve the medical care of drug users, strengthen the treatment network, create specialist mobile units in the university hospitals and promote youth health services offering psychiatric consultations in five cities. The National Strategy Against Addiction —16 prescribes the opening of specialised addiction hospital units in four cities. There are no unified standards for drug treatment in Morocco and each treatment centre provides its own programmes, which are variable in length and content. However, these programmes usually have a period within which withdrawal is managed, and this is followed by psychosocial care and occupational therapy. A client is admitted to its care after comprehensive evaluation by a team of experts. The duration of inpatient treatment varies between one and three months. Inpatient treatment includes the management of withdrawal symptoms and individualised therapy based on substances of use, symptoms and needs. Inpatient care is followed by a second evaluation, after which the client is usually referred to psychosocial care, which includes therapy to prevent relapses and occupational therapy. Another regional addiction centre is the Department on Substance Dependence at Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca, which mainly provides outpatient care, while inpatient care is also possible 10 beds in total. The duration of inpatient treatment varies between one and three months, during which clients have access to occupational therapy and various leisure activities. Any contacts with family or friends are discouraged during the treatment period. The programme started with methadone maintenance treatment MMT , as the medication was placed on the Ministry of Health list of essential medicines in The programme envisaged daily on-site visits and supervised intake of methadone. More flexible dispensation procedures were only allowed for stabilised patients, and those in well-established programmes. There are plans to increase the provision of services to 2 clients by Currently, MMT programmes are available through specialised addiction centres, while there are plans to expand the network of specialists and clinics that can prescribe and administer MMT. The concept of harm reduction was first integrated in the National Strategy Against Drug Addiction —10, which called for the provision of prevention services targeting active drug users without the imposition of drug use cessation. This objective was further reflected in the first Action Plan on Harm Reduction — The National Strategic Plan for Combating AIDS —16 calls for the strengthening and expansion of harm reduction measures to people who inject drugs, including the provision of OST to the public in addition to those in prison settings. The existing National Action Plan for Reducing HIV Risks Among Injecting Drug Users —16 aims to ensure access to high-quality combined prevention measures, OST treatment and combined medical and psychosocial treatments services, and to optimise coordination and management of risk reduction at the national and local levels. The first harm reduction programme incorporating needle and syringe exchange was established in Tangier in by the Support Association for the Hasnouna Medico-Psychological Center. The services were provided in a fixed-location centre and via a mobile unit. Afterwards, the programme was expanded to Teouan in a mobile unit , Nador in a mobile unit , Oujda and El Hoceima. The Mohammed V Foundation for Solidarity, in cooperation with the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Interior, has established seven harm reduction centres across the country. A harm reduction programme without a needle and syringe exchange component has also been implemented in Rabat, Marrakech, and Casablanca. The range of services provided by harm reduction facilities includes distribution of injection kits and collection of used needles and syringes, distribution of condoms, awareness raising and education, and social support. The evaluation of the first Action Plan on Harm Reduction —11 indicated significant achievements in the development of services for the people who inject drugs. It was suggested that the experience of Morocco might serve as a model for other countries in the Middle East and North Africa region. A resource and training centre on drug-related harm reduction was set up in with the aim of building further national capacity as well as the capacity of specialists from the Maghreb region and other French-speaking African countries. It is estimated that over the period —11 a total of 3 people who inject drugs were reached by the prevention activities and about needles were distributed. Cannabis cultivation and production in Morocco have developed over the last decade, despite it being illegal. Morocco remains one of the main cannabis-producing countries in the world, with Europe being the most important market for herbal cannabis and cannabis resin. These are produced mainly in the north of the country, between the Rif Mountains and the Mediterranean coast. These efforts have led to a significant reduction in cannabis growing areas between and It is estimated that in the area covered by cannabis crops has been reduced to 47 hectares down from hectares in However, recent research 1 indicates that, meanwhile, cannabis production in Morocco has gone through significant transformation, which, as a result, has enabled the production of cannabis plants with higher resin yields and THC content. Spain is the main gateway for Moroccan cannabis to the European market, by fast boats, fishing vessels and private yachts. Some more sophisticated means of trafficking, such as helicopters, are also used. Traffickers continue to smuggle drugs through the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, and through the port of Tangiers. Some of the cannabis produced in Morocco is directly shipped to the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, mainly by cargo ships. However, there is some indication that some of the cocaine smuggled from Latin America remains in the country and that the local market for it is growing. Regarding seizures, cannabis is the main drug seized in Morocco; however, since the Government has reported a decrease in the amount seized. In a total of tons of kif 2 was seized, and in the same year tons of cannabis resin was seized, while in the following years the amount of kif and resin seized has decreased considerably. However, in two large seizures of more than 2 kg of cannabis resin were made in the north of the country. Table 2. Quantity of drugs seized by Customs and the Indirect Taxation Authority in and kg. Drugs are also seized by the police, mainly in operations against drug use and possession, and when tackling drug trafficking in the proximity of educational settings. These amounts have remained relatively small. According to the National report, in there were 49 drug-law offences for all, licit and illicit substances. In a total of 61 persons were prosecuted for drug-related crimes. The vast majority of the crimes and persons prosecuted were related to cannabis resin and kif. Three categories of substances are recognised: toxic substances Table A , narcotic substances Table B and dangerous substances Table C. The Order of the Minister of Public Health lists all licit and illicit drugs, and was last updated in When Morocco gained independence from France in it inherited the anti-drug legislation that had been set up during the French protectorate, including the Dahir prohibiting kif hemp. The legislation remained unchanged for almost twenty years. The Criminal Code of Morocco, adopted in , was the first post-independence legislation. The main legislative instrument is the Dahir law on the suppression of drug addiction no. The law identifies three categories of offences: use, incitement and trafficking. Possession and the use of substances or plants classified as narcotics, and the fact of facilitating the use of these substances or plants by any means, are punished. Drug use remains a criminal offence in Morocco. However, on average, drug traffickers are sentenced to imprisonment of between 8 and 10 years. Article 8 of the Law on the Suppression of Drug Addiction sets out the possibility for criminal proceedings to be cancelled in cases where an offender submits to drug treatment. In practice, however, this provision in Article 8 is rarely applied. One of the predominant concerns surrounding the fight against drug production and trafficking in Morocco is to intercept the funds generated by these illegal activities. Therefore, a series of anti-money laundering legislative initiatives are in force to monitor suspicious financial transactions, which may be linked to illegal activities, including drug trafficking. Moreover, the country is continuously developing its anti-money laundering and anti-corruption legislative institutional framework, working closely with the Council of Europe, the Financial Action Task Force and Middle East and North Africa Financial Action task force on these matters. The National Strategy Against Psychoactive Substances, in place since , is geared towards supply reduction, suppressing both trafficking and demand, and putting in place measures to promote alternative development. The current National Strategy Against Addiction —16 aims to raise awareness about the harmful effects of psychoactive substances among young people, improve the quality of care and access to care for drug users, build the capacity of treatment providers, specialists and professionals, encourage broad public—private partnerships in developing new rehabilitation facilities and reduce the risks associated with drug use. It has four strategic objectives:. It is composed of representatives from various ministerial departments responsible mainly for the medical and social fields and law enforcement. The main mission of the commission is to control licit psychoactive substances, supress the cultivation of and trade and trafficking in illicit drugs, and to elaborate the drug use prevention policy in the country. The Anti-Drugs Coordination Unit was set up in and aims to improve coordination among different departments responsible for law enforcement and a national Narcotics Commission. Toufiq, J. It is defined as the value of all goods and services produced less the value of any goods or services used in their creation. Unemployed persons comprise those aged 15—74 who were: a without work during the reference week; b currently available for work; c actively seeking work. Homepage Quick links Quick links. GO Results hosted on duckduckgo. Main navigation Data Open related submenu Data. Latest data Prevalence of drug use Drug-induced deaths Infectious diseases Problem drug use Treatment demand Seizures of drugs Price, purity and potency. Drug use and prison Drug law offences Health and social responses Drug checking Hospital emergencies data Syringe residues data Wastewater analysis Data catalogue. Selected topics Alternatives to coercive sanctions Cannabis Cannabis policy Cocaine Darknet markets Drug checking Drug consumption facilities Drug markets Drug-related deaths Drug-related infectious diseases. Recently published Findings from a scoping literature…. Penalties at a glance. Frequently asked questions FAQ : drug…. FAQ: therapeutic use of psychedelic…. Viral hepatitis elimination barometer…. EU Drug Market: New psychoactive…. EU Drug Market: Drivers and facilitators. Statistical Bulletin home. Quick links Search news Subscribe newsletter for recent news Subscribe to news releases. Breadcrumb Home Publications Morocco country overview Kingdom of Morocco country overview of the drug situation, Last updated. On this page Drug use among the general population and young people Prevention Problem drug use Treatment demand Drug-related infectious diseases Drug-induced deaths and mortality Treatment responses Harm reduction responses Drug markets and drug-law offences National drug laws National drug strategy Coordination mechanism in the field of drugs Additional sources of national information. Disclaimer This summary was prepared based on Toufiq, J. Drug use among the general population and young people In a national population survey on the prevalence of mental disorders and drug addiction was carried out among sample of 6 people aged 15 and older. Table 1. Males Females Lifetime use No nationwide studies on the size of high-risk groups have been conducted so far in Morocco. Treatment demand Morocco is a pioneering country in its provision of abstinence-based and pharmacological treatment to drug users in the Maghreb region; however, a national data collection on treatment clients has not yet been established. Drug-related infectious diseases Morocco is considered a low prevalence country for HIV, with concentrated epidemics among female sex workers, men who have sex with men, injecting drug users and migrants. Drug-induced deaths and mortality At present there is no national register containing data on drug-related mortality in Morocco. Treatment responses Although Morocco is a pioneering country in the provision of abstinence-based and pharmacological treatments to drug users in the Maghreb region, access to addiction care is hampered by a lack of sufficient human resources and facilities. Harm reduction responses The concept of harm reduction was first integrated in the National Strategy Against Drug Addiction —10, which called for the provision of prevention services targeting active drug users without the imposition of drug use cessation. Drug markets and drug-law offences Cannabis cultivation and production in Morocco have developed over the last decade, despite it being illegal. National drug strategy The National Strategy Against Psychoactive Substances, in place since , is geared towards supply reduction, suppressing both trafficking and demand, and putting in place measures to promote alternative development. It has four strategic objectives: reduction of demand; the treatment of persons suffering from addiction by developing treatment facilities and training human resources; reducing the risks associated with injecting drug use; monitoring and evaluating the National Strategy Against Addiction — Coordination mechanism in the field of drugs The National Commission on Narcotic Drugs was set up by the Dahir of 3 October amended by no. Additional sources of national information Toufiq, J. Sabir, M. Gross domestic product 2 per inhabitant. Number of prisoners per of population 4.

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