OpenAI’s new economic analysis

全球有超过五亿人积极使用OpenAI的人工智能工具，尤其是我们免费提供的ChatGPT。每天，用户向该平台发送超过25亿条消息——其中美国每天发送的消息超过3.3亿条。这种广泛的使用为我们提供了一个独特的视角，观察人工智能对经济的影响。ChatGPT帮助教师每周节省了近六小时的工作时间；帮助宾夕法尼亚州的公务员平均每天节省95分钟的重复性工作时间，从而能够提供更优质的服务；同时也助力创业者创办新公司和初创企业。

今天，OpenAI发布了首份报告，首次展示了像ChatGPT这样的工具如何提升企业和政府工作人员的生产力，以及这些提升如何已经创造了价值。该报告由OpenAI首席经济学家Ronnie Chatterji和OpenAI经济研究团队撰写。

我们还宣布，Chatterji将与哈佛大学的Jason Furman以及美国企业研究所和乔治城大学的Michael Strain展开为期12个月的合作，评估人工智能对生产力和劳动力的影响。他们将共同制定研究议程和指标，分析人工智能对就业的影响。该项目将设立在华盛顿特区的新OpenAI工作坊，工作坊还将提供培训、演示及其他面向关键经济利益相关者的活动。

ChatGPT是历史上用户增长最快的消费技术，五天内达到100万用户，两个月内达到1亿用户，如今用户超过5亿。自推出以来，ChatGPT在工作中的使用显著增加。如今，28%的美国在职成年人曾使用ChatGPT，并在工作中使用，而2023年这一比例仅为8%。

纵观历史，某些技术彻底改变了人类的能力——轮子、发动机、电力、晶体管。人工智能是一项类似的变革性技术。其核心在于帮助人们扩大思考、学习、创造和构建的能力，实质上是在放大人类的创造力。随着这些系统的不断改进，预计其经济效益将非常显著。

经济学家对人工智能如何影响生产力的预测存在分歧，但即使是较低的估计，人工智能也将扩大经济规模。最紧迫的问题是：这种扩张将如何展开，谁将获得其中的利益？

我们今天所做的选择将决定这场变革是带来更广泛的机会，还是导致财富和权力更加集中于少数人手中。OpenAI希望每个人都能搭上人工智能的“上升电梯”。

我们已经看到一些迹象：科学家加速了发现，小企业主扩大了能力，教师更快地准备课程。想象一下，当这些工具普及到每个人手中，会带来怎样的可能。

这种非凡的潜力并不意味着进步会一帆风顺。每一次重大技术变革都会带来变化；一些工作消失，另一些工作演变，新的工作岗位出现。人工智能带来的变化速度和规模可能远超以往。我们需要正视这一事实，并提前做好准备。

我们的任务不是阻止这种变化，而是引导它。历史表明，新技术可以扩大机会，让生活变得更美好——但前提是我们要普及技术的获取，支持劳动者应对变革，并建立奖励广泛贡献和参与的经济体系。

您可以在这里阅读我们关于ChatGPT驱动生产力的首份报告。
报告链接

Over half a billion people around the world actively use OpenAI’s AI tools, especially our freely available ChatGPT. They send more than 2.5 billion messages to the platform per day – including more than 330 million per day in the US. This breadth of use offers a unique window onto AI’s impacts on the economy. ChatGPT has saved teachers nearly six hours per week⁠ on tasks; saved state workers in Pennsylvania an average of 95 minutes a day⁠ on rote tasks so they can deliver better services; and enabled entrepreneurs to build new companies and start-ups.⁠  

Today, OpenAI is releasing our first look⁠ at how our tools like ChatGPT have boosted productivity for workers across businesses and governments – and how that’s already creating value. The note is authored by OpenAI Chief Economist Ronnie Chatterji and the OpenAI Economic Research team. 

We’re also announcing today that Chatterji, along with Jason Furman of Harvard University and Michael Strain of the American Enterprise Institute and Georgetown University, are undertaking a 12-month collaboration to assess AI’s impact on productivity and the workforce. Together, they will develop a research agenda and metrics to analyze AI’s effect on jobs, an effort that will be housed in the new OpenAI Workshop in Washington, DC, along with trainings, demos, and other programming for key economic stakeholders.

ChatGPT is the fastest-adopted consumer technology in history, reaching 1 million users in five days, 100 million users in two months, and over 500 million users today. Since launch, we have seen a dramatic increase in use of ChatGPT for work. Today, 28% of employed US adults who have ever used ChatGPT report using ChatGPT at work, compared to just 8%⁠ in 2023.

Throughout history, certain technologies have fundamentally changed what people can achieve – the wheel, the engine, electricity, the transistor. AI is a similar transformative technology. At its core, AI is helping people scale their ability to think, learn, create, and build. It’s scaling human ingenuity itself. As these systems improve, the economic benefits are expected to be significant.

Economists differ in their projections for how AI will impact productivity, but even at the lower end, AI will expand the economic pie. The most pressing questions are: how will that expansion unfold, and who gets what slice?

The choices we make today will shape whether this transformation leads to greater opportunity for all, or greater concentration of wealth and power for the few. At OpenAI, we want everyone to be on the “up elevator” of AI. 

We’re already seeing glimpses: scientists accelerating discovery, small business owners expanding their capacity, teachers preparing lessons faster. Imagine what’s possible when these tools are in everyone’s hands.

This extraordinary potential doesn’t mean progress will move in a straight line. Every major technological shift brings change; some jobs disappear, others evolve, new jobs emerge. The pace and scale of change with AI will likely be bigger and faster than what’s come before. We need to be honest about this fact and prepare now.

Our task isn’t to stop this change, but to guide it. History shows that new technologies can expand opportunity and make life better for everyone – but only if we democratize access, support workers through changing times, and build economic systems that reward broad contribution and participation. 

You can read our first look at ChatGPT‑driven productivity here⁠.

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