Обнаженная ласковая красавица Apalo Barbara

Обнаженная ласковая красавица Apalo Barbara
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357500–357504, 357506, 357519, 357522, 357524, 357528, 357532, 357534, 357535, 357538

Dilijan , Armenia
Hévíz , Hungary
Kochi , India
Panagyurishte , Bulgaria
Schwerte , Germany
Trikala , Greece

^ Jump up to: a b c d e Resolution #63-p

^ Jump up to: a b c "Пятигорск" . megabook.ru . Retrieved July 27, 2014 .

^ Управление Росреестра по Ставропольскому краю. Доклад о состоянии и использовании земель Ставропольского края в 2010 году [ permanent dead link ]

^ Jump up to: a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service .

^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года" . Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved January 23, 2019 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Law #88-kz

^ "Об исчислении времени" . Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011 . Retrieved January 19, 2019 .

^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. ( Russian Post ). Поиск объектов почтовой связи ( Postal Objects Search ) (in Russian)

^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS) . Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).

^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly .

^ Battutah, Ibn (2002). The Travels of Ibn Battutah . London: Picador. p. 124. ISBN 9780330418799 .

^
"Pyatigorsk" . Newtime21v.narod.ru. January 30, 2007. Archived from the original on December 25, 2012 . Retrieved August 8, 2012 .

^
(in German) Jonathan Littell : Die Wohlgesinnten - Materialienband. Berlin 2006. P. 66

^
"Russia // Kira Belkova" . The Jewish Foundation for the Righteous. Archived from the original on July 28, 2011.

^ "Climatebase" . Retrieved June 26, 2012 .

^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names (5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 178. ISBN 3-540-00238-3 .

^ "Города-побратимы" . pyatigorsk.org . Pyatigorsk . Retrieved February 6, 2020 .

Pyatigorsk ( Russian : Пятиго́рск ; Ukrainian : П'ятигірськ ; Circassian : Псыхуабэ, Psıxwabæ ) is a city in Stavropol Krai , Russia located on the Podkumok River , about 20 kilometers (12 mi) from the town of Mineralnye Vody where there is an international airport and about 45 kilometers (28 mi) from Kislovodsk . Since January 19, 2010, it has been the administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia . Population: 142,511 ( 2010 Census ) ; [4] 140,559 ( 2002 Census ) ; [9] 129,499 ( 1989 Census ) . [10]

The name is derived from the fused Russian words " пять гор " ( five mountains ) and the city is so called because of the five peaks of the Beshtau (which also means five mountains in Turkic ) of the Caucasian mountain range overlooking the city. It was founded in 1780, [2] and has been a health spa with mineral springs since 1803. Pyatigorsk is one of the oldest spa resorts in Russia. The health resort provides unique medical resources, and its underground wealth supplies 50 different mineral springs, medical mud taken from Lake Tambukan located 10 km (6 mi) from Pyatigorsk, and the mild climate of the area. It is one of 116 historical towns of the Russian Federation.

Russian poet Mikhail Lermontov was shot by Nikolai Martynov in a duel at Pyatigorsk on July 27, 1841. There is a museum in the city devoted to his memory. The Zionist activist Joseph Trumpeldor was born in Pyatigorsk.

The writings of the 14th-century Arabian traveler Ibn Battuta included the earliest known mention of the mineral springs. Peter the Great (reigned 1682-1725) fostered the earliest scientific study of them, but the information collected on his expedition has not survived. Interest revived at the end of the 18th century with the foundation of the first Russian settlement (Konstantinogorskaya fortress), erected at Mt. Mashuk in 1780. [2] [11]

The value of the Caucasian mineral waters led to the construction of a resort in 1803, and studies of their medical properties began thereafter: on April 24, Alexander I signed a decree which made the mineral waters state property. Many settlements developed near the springs: first Goryachevodsk (now part of Pyatigorsk) at the bottom of Mt. Mashuk, then Kislovodsk , Yessentuki , and Zheleznovodsk . [12] During the Russian Empire , the settlement was the administrative capital of the Pyatigorsky Otdel of the Terek Oblast .

During World War II the German Wehrmacht temporarily occupied Pyatigorsk. The Einsatzkommando 12 of Einsatzgruppe D had its headquarters in Pyatigorsk in 1942. [13] The German occupation resulted in the killing of many Jewish inhabitants of the region. [14]

The city is situated on a small plateau, 512 meters (1,680 ft) above sea level , at the foot of Beshtau , Mashuk , and three other outliers of the Caucasus Mountains , which protect it on the north. The snow-covered summits of Mount Elbrus are visible to the south.

The climate of Pyatigorsk falls within humid continental (Dfb) classification under the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system and is characterized by absence of sharp fluctuations of annual and daily temperatures. Summers are warm with the average July temperature of +21 °C (70 °F) while winters, lasting two to three months, are cold, with the average January temperature of −4 °C (25 °F). Spring is cool, with a sharp transition by the summer, and a warm, dry, and long fall. There are an average of ninety-eight sunny days in a year.

Within the framework of administrative divisions , it is, together with two urban-type settlements ( Goryachevodsky and Svobody ) and five rural localities , incorporated as the city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts . [1] As a municipal division , the city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk is incorporated as Pyatigorsk Urban Okrug . [6]

The industry of Pyatigorsk is primarily oriented towards service of the health resort. There is also food industry (a meat-processing plant, a winery , a dairy , a brewery , a confectionery ), textiles ( clothing , shoe plant, carpet factories), machine industry and metal working (PО Pyatigorskselmash specializes in machines and equipment for aviculture ; a special automobile equipment works, an electromechanical plant, etc.); mining , a chemical factory and a ceramics factory who specialize in porcelain and ceramic gifts such as samovars , figurines, vases, and decorative ceramic wall hanging panels.

In 1991, the Pyatigorsk health resort had ten sanatoria , four boarding houses and five sanatoria-preventoria. The number of people who stayed at the health resort within a year totalled about 170,000.

The state memorial estate of Mikhail Lermontov was founded in 1973. It unites all of the Lermontov memorial places in the region: the place where he fought his duel and was killed, a necropolis , Lermontov's small house, Verzilin 's houses, the house of Alexander Alyabyev , the Lermontov square, and monument.

The Aeolian harp is a small stone pavilion in the classical style , constructed by the brothers Bernardacci in 1828.

Diana's grotto was built in 1830, in honor of the first ascent of Mount Elbrus .

Pyatigorsk is very well known in the Caucasus region for its excellent restaurants and nightlife, architecture, as well as for its extremely large marketplace. A major thoroughfare is known to locals as "Broadway", which runs through the center of the city, and on which most of the best restaurants, nightclubs, and attractions are located. Broadway is also a popular spot for people watching . The influence of the Caucasus region is felt here most noticeably in the music and cuisine, which incorporate aspects of many former Soviet republics such as Armenia.

Pyatigorsk features prominently in Jonathan Littell 's 2009 novel, The Kindly Ones .

Asteroid 2192 Pyatigoriya discovered in 1972 by Soviet astronomer Tamara Smirnova is named after the city. [16]

city of krai significance of Pyatigorsk [1]

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Обнаженная ласковая красавица Apalo Barbara

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