Nylon Carbon 2
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Nylon Carbon 2
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Family of synthetic polymers originally developed as textile fibres
For other uses, see Nylon (disambiguation) .
^ The polyamides may be aliphatic or semi-aromatic .
^ Actually the most common nylon polymers are made from hexamethylenediamine, with one more CH 2 group than cadaverine.
^ Typically 80 to 100% is sent to landfill or garbage dumps, while less than 18% are incinerated while recovering the energy. See Francesco La Mantia (August 2002). Handbook of plastics recycling . iSmithers Rapra Publishing. pp. 19–. ISBN 978-1-85957-325-9 .
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nylon .
DIBP
DBP
BBP (BBzP)
DIHP
DEHP (DOP)
DIDP
DINP
Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers composed of polyamides ( repeating units linked by amide links). [a] [1] [2]
Nylon is a silk -like [3] thermoplastic , [4] generally made from petroleum , [5]
that can be melt-processed into fibers, films , or shapes. [6] : 2
Nylon polymers can be mixed with a wide variety of additives to achieve many different property variations.
Nylon polymers have found significant commercial applications in fabric and fibers (apparel, flooring and rubber reinforcement), in shapes (molded parts for cars, electrical equipment, etc.), and in films (mostly for food packaging). [7]
Nylon was the first commercially successful synthetic thermoplastic polymer. [8] DuPont began its research project in 1927. [9]
The first example of nylon, ( nylon 66 ), was synthesized using diamines on February 28, 1935, by Wallace Hume Carothers at DuPont's research facility at the DuPont Experimental Station . [10] [11] In response to Carothers' work, Paul Schlack at IG Farben developed nylon 6 , a different molecule based on caprolactam , on January 29, 1938. [12] : 10 [13]
Nylon was first used commercially in a nylon- bristled toothbrush in 1938, [5] [14] followed more famously in women's stockings or "nylons" which were shown at the 1939 New York World's Fair and first sold commercially in 1940, [15] whereupon they became an instant commercial success with 64 million pairs sold during their first year on the market. During World War II, almost all nylon production was diverted to the military for use in parachutes and parachute cord . Wartime uses of nylon and other plastics greatly increased the market for the new materials. [16]
DuPont, founded by Éleuthère Irénée du Pont , first produced gunpowder and later cellulose-based paints. Following WWI , DuPont produced synthetic ammonia and other chemicals. DuPont began experimenting with the development of cellulose based fibers, eventually producing the synthetic fiber rayon . DuPont's experience with rayon was an important precursor to its development and marketing of nylon. [17] : 8, 64, 236
DuPont's invention of nylon spanned an eleven-year period, ranging from the initial research program in polymers in 1927 to its announcement in 1938, shortly before the opening of the 1939 New York World's Fair . [9] The project grew from a new organizational structure at DuPont, suggested by Charles Stine in 1927, in which the chemical department would be composed of several small research teams that would focus on "pioneering research" in chemistry and would "lead to practical applications". [17] : 92 Harvard instructor Wallace Hume Carothers was hired to direct the polymer research group. Initially he was allowed to focus on pure research, building on and testing the theories of German chemist Hermann Staudinger . [18] He was very successful, as research he undertook greatly improved the knowledge of polymers and contributed to science. [19]
In the spring of 1930, Carothers and his team had already synthesized two new polymers. One was neoprene , a syntheti
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