Нитроэтан — Википедия

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Nitroethane is an organic compound having the chemical formula C 2 H 5 NO 2. Similar in many regards to nitromethane , nitroethane is an oily liquid at standard temperature and pressure. Pure nitroethane is colorless and has a fruity odor. This exothermic reaction produces four industrially significant nitroalkanes: These alkoxy radicals are susceptible to C—C fragmentation reactions, which explains the formation of a mixture of products. Alternatively, nitroethane can be produced by the Victor Meyer reaction with either bromoethane or iodoethane with silver nitrite in a diethyl ether solvent or with the Kornblum Modification which uses the prior mentioned alkyl halides with the less soluble sodium nitrite salt in either a dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethylformamide solvent. Via condensations like the Henry reaction , nitroethane converts to several compounds of commercial interest. Condensation with 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde affords the precursor to the antihypertensive drug methyldopa ; condensation with unsubstituted benzaldehyde yields phenylnitropropene. Nitroethane condenses with two equivalents of formaldehyde to give, after hydrogenation , 2-aminomethyl-1,3-propanediol, which in turn condenses with oleic acid to give an oxazoline, which protonates to give a cationic surfactant. Like some other nitrated organic compounds, nitroethane is also used as a fuel additive and a precursor to explosives. Nitroethane is a useful solvent for polymers such as polystyrene and is particularly useful for dissolving cyanoacrylate adhesives. Nitroethane has been used as a chemical feedstock in clandestine laboratories for synthesis of controlled substances such as amphetamines. Nitroethane is suspected to cause genetic damage and be harmful to the nervous system. Typical STEL is ppm. Skin contact causes dermatitis in humans. In animal studies, nitroethane exposure was observed to cause lacrimation , dyspnea , pulmonary rales, edema , liver and kidney injury, and narcosis. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. LC 50 median concentration. LC Lo lowest published. University of Wisconsin Chemistry Department. Retrieved 17 January Establishment of an absolute scale of acidities in dimethyl sulfoxide solution'. Journal of the American Chemical Society. Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. Organic Chemistry of Explosives. Retrieved from ' https: Views Read Edit View history. This page was last edited on 29 September , at By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Acidity p K a. Lethal dose or concentration LD , LC:. Ethyl nitrite Ethyl nitrate.

Нитроэтан — Википедия

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

Nitroethane

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