News update 17/04/2022 2

The following years in Germany passed in fruitless attempts to reconcile the warring states, to search for a formula of religion acceptable to all. Luther insisted on his own version (Schmal-Kaden articles), the emperor convened again the congress of princes in 1541 in Regensburg, at which Cardinal Contarini and Luther's associate Melanchtoi negotiated. The compromise concluded between them, however, was not recognized by the Pope. In the meantime, Luther's teachings spread to a number of new German lands - Brandenburg, Saxony and some others.

In 1546 Martin Luther died. Charles took advantage of the weakening in the leadership of the Protestants, calling for help from troops from Italy and the Netherlands and moving through Tyrol to southern Germany against the rebellious rulers. Many of them were forced to submit. In 1547, the imperial troops, commanded by the Spanish Duke of Alba, the future strangler of the Dutch revolution, defeated the Saxons. The Elector of Saxony was sentenced to life imprisonment only at the will of the emperor. Having dealt with his opponents, Charles tried to stand at the head of a partially reformed church, but neither the Pope nor many feudal lords on both sides recognized this decision. At the same time, Charles issued a decree that was called "bloody": "It is forbidden to print, write, have, store, sell, buy ... all printed or handwritten writings of Martin Luther ... etc. ... It is forbidden to allow in his conversations or unlawful gatherings at home ... Anyone who reveals a person infected with heresy is obliged to inform on him ... "

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The Inquisition fell upon the country. The north of Germany was once again separated from Karl. Saxon troops almost caught the emperor by surprise, who, sick, hastily carried out on a stretcher from Innsbruck.

Charles had to make peace with the Protestant princes, who, among other things, began to be helped by the French king Henry II. The task of subjugating all of Germany turned out to be unrealistic for the emperor, and he abdicated, passing it to his brother Ferdinand. In Augsburg in 1555 Ferdinand made peace.