News update 17/04/2022 15
The general hatred of Richelieu was also caused by the law banning duels. The nobles wanted to see in the king only the first among equals. The cardinal sought to instill in them the idea of the sacredness of royal power. According to Richelieu, the blood of subjects can only be shed in the name of the motherland, personified by the sacred person of the king. If the nobles sacrifice their lives, defending their honor, then they thereby put themselves on a par with the monarch - an unacceptable liberty! Among other things, a huge number of the best representatives of noble families ended their lives in a duel, without any benefit to the state. In the name of the interests of the nobility itself, Richelieu sought to involve him in public service, thus demonstrating the value of the first estate for the country. All this, however, caused furious resistance and ridicule, without meeting understanding.
No less hatred for Richelieu and the third estate. Busy with the creation of a single national-political state, the cardinal resolutely suppressed any separatism. Namely, the parliaments of large cities were inclined towards it, not wanting to see national interests behind their local problems. The curtailment of the rights of parliaments was the cause of the great unpopularity of the first minister. Richelieu's policy towards parliaments led to the deliberate destruction of the official opposition of the third estate. The followers of the great cardinal will follow the same course. The lack of an outlet for political activity in the system of absolutism will result in an explosion of popular indignation 150 years later - during the French Revolution.
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The common people also had reasons for dissatisfaction with the first minister. The devastating wars of the Thirty Years and the Spanish (1635-1659), in which France was drawn into by the efforts of the cardinal, brought not only foreign policy benefits, but also terrible ruin. At times, hostilities were conducted in France. Alsace and Lorraine were annexed to it after three campaigns of the army of Louis XIII, the invasion of imperial troops, which, like locusts, left no stone unturned. The war demanded a gigantic exertion of forces. The peasants and the bourgeois did not know and did not want to know about the great plans of the cardinal and about the coming "golden age" promised to Louis XIII by his minister. During the 18 years of the cardinal's reign, popular uprisings shook the country, giving Richelieu a lot of trouble.