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This memorandum provides an overview of Human Rights Watch's main concerns with respect to the human rights situation in Uzbekistan, submitted in advance of the EU-Uzbekistan human rights dialogue to be held on June 10, in Tashkent. The Uzbek government's human rights record, long marked by repression and abuse, has remained atrocious in the twelve months since the EU last held a human rights dialogue with Uzbekistan. Civil society activists remain the target of constant government intimidation and harassment, and authorities continue to hold more than a dozen human rights defenders, journalists, and other independent civic and political activists on politically motivated grounds. The government persists in its denial of accountability for the massacre of hundreds of mostly unarmed protesters fleeing a demonstration in the city of Andijan in May It continues to clamp down on media freedoms and suppress religious worship. There continues to be a deeply entrenched culture of impunity for serious human rights violations, including for torture and ill-treatment, which remain rampant. The judiciary lacks independence and the weak parliament does not effectively check executive power. Government-sponsored forced child labor in the cotton sector remains a key human rights concern. We hope the EU will seize the opportunity of the June 10 human rights dialogue with Uzbekistan to convey its profound concern about the abysmal state of human rights in the country, and urge specific steps to end abuses. In doing so, the EU should be guided by the human rights criteria it has already formulated for Uzbekistan in the various General Affairs and External Relations Council GAERC conclusions, making clear that these criteria are still valid and that their fulfillment constitutes a core objective of the EU's engagement with Tashkent-not just in the context of the human rights dialogues, but at all levels and on every occasion. The benchmarks should be articulated publicly, as should the results of the human rights dialogue, so as to ensure full transparency and leave no doubt about the EU's commitment to make the advancement of concrete human rights improvements an integral part of its Uzbekistan policy. At the conclusion of this overview is a set of recommendations flowing from the concerns highlighted, which we hope to see the EU take up with the Uzbek government during the June 10 human rights dialogue and beyond. The Uzbek government has steadfastly refused to clarify the circumstances surrounding the massacre by government forces in Andijan, or to hold accountable those responsible for the killings. Instead, it has sought to rewrite history and silence all those who might question its version of the events, launching an intense crackdown in Andijan itself and exerting pressure on all who knew the truth about the events. Several hundred individuals who were convicted and sentenced in closed trials in and are believed to remain in prison serving lengthy sentences. To this date, the Uzbek government continues vigorously to seek out and persecute anyone it deems to have a connection to or information about the Andijan events. This is particularly true for many of the relatives of hundreds of persons who fled to Kyrgyzstan in the immediate aftermath of the massacre and were later resettled in third countries, as well as those who fled but later returned to Andijan. Intense government pressure, taking the form of interrogations, surveillance, ostracism and in at least one case an overt threat to life, has continued to generate new refugees from Andijan, years after the massacre. In a recent example, on May 26, , within hours of violent incidents, including at least one suicide bombing, that reportedly took place in Andijan that day, police visited at least three homes of family members of individuals either serving sentences for alleged involvement in the May events or who fled Uzbekistan in the aftermath and have been resettled elsewhere. The government also appears to have shut down or severely restricted mobile phone coverage in the Ferghana Valley in the days that followed the violence, effectively cutting off information flow from and to the area. In the aftermath of the Andijan massacre, the Uzbek government unleashed a fierce crackdown on civil society unprecedented in its proportions. It imprisoned dozens of human rights defenders, independent journalists, and political activists for speaking out about the Andijan events and calling for accountability for the May 13 killings. The authorities also blocked the activities of local and international nongovernmental organizations NGOs. Many human rights defenders and other activists have had to flee the country out of fear for their security or that of their loved ones. As of this writing, the government continues to hold at least thirteen human rights defenders in prison for no reason other than their legitimate human rights work. Many other civic activists, independent journalists, and political dissidents are also serving prison sentences on politically motivated charges, including political opposition leader Sanjar Umarov and poet and political dissident Yusuf Yumaev. At least two new arrests have taken place in the last six months alone - of Dilmurod Saidov in February , and Kushodbek Usmonov in January Worrying, credible reports that a number of imprisoned activists are suffering severe health problems as a result of poor conditions and ill-treatment in Uzbekistan's notoriously abusive prison system underscore the urgency of securing their immediate and unconditional release. Independent civil society activism remains severely restricted, with authorities detaining and threatening with prosecution human rights defenders, journalists, and others for their peaceful activism. In a recent example, five members of the Human Rights Alliance of Uzbekistan, a vocal grassroots group that works on a range of human rights issues, were detained, questioned, and threatened in three separate incidents on May 27 and 29, Police beat one of them, Ilnur Abdulov, on the head, chest, and back, at the time of his detention on May Just weeks before, Alliance member Elena Urlaeva was violently assaulted and threatened by two unknown assailants when she was leaving her apartment with her 5-year-old son. A particularly insidious practice employed by the Uzbek government is a combination of threats, harassment, and sometimes even imprisonment of activists' children or other relatives in retaliation for their human rights or civic work. For example, in addition to sentencing poet and dissident Yusuf Yumaev to five years in prison, authorities have also imprisoned two of his sons, Bobur and Mashrab, on trumped-up charges in apparent retaliation for their father's activism. In addition, there have been a number of attacks on human rights defenders or their family members by unidentified assailants who are rarely if ever held to account, raising concern that these attacks are at a minimum tolerated, if not encouraged, by the government. Just days after the above described attack on Urlaeva in April , her 5-year-old son was the target of a vicious attack by an unknown assailant who beat him repeatedly in the head with a stick, causing him to be hospitalized with a concussion. Although the police promised to investigate both incidents, the status of the investigations is unclear, and to date the perpetrators have not been brought to justice. The government also continues to place undue restrictions on the operation of international NGOs, and has refused to allow any of the previously expelled foreign NGOs to return to the country, although at least two of them attempted to do so in Human Rights Watch itself was forced to suspend its operations in Uzbekistan in July after the government denied work accreditation to, and then outright banned its researcher from entering the country. The move followed on the heels of multiple prior attempts on the part of the Uzbek government to obstruct Human Rights Watch's work on Uzbekistan. Torture and ill-treatment are endemic to the criminal justice system in Uzbekistan. Authorities have failed to take effective action to address the culture of impunity for torture, highlighted by the UN Committee Against Torture in its November examination of Uzbekistan as a key obstacle to effectively combating it. The government has also persistently failed to fully implement the recommendations of the UN Special Rapporteur on torture. As a result, torture remains rampant despite the much-hailed habeas corpus legislation that entered into force in January Indeed, to make habeas corpus effective it is necessary to implement a number of other reforms guaranteeing the independence of the judiciary, which is sorely lacking in Uzbekistan. According to Uzbek lawyers interviewed by Human Rights Watch, the habeas corpus reform remains largely a formality with little practical effect on the rights of the defendant, and it fails to serve as a mechanism for preventing or ending torture and ill-treatment in detention. Human Rights Watch continues to receive credible reports of torture and ill-treatment, particularly during pre-trial detention, while judges continue to ignore allegations of torture brought forward by defendants and refuse to initiate investigations into such claims. For example, one of the aforementioned independent journalists arrested this year, Kushodbek Usmonov, who is 67 years old, testified during his trial in March that he had been subjected to torture and ill-treatment, including being beaten with hard objects in the groin and abdomen and being forced to lie naked face down and being threatened with rape if he did not confess his guilt. The judge reportedly ignored these allegations. Imprisoned human rights defender Akzam Turgunov is another case in point; on July 14, , three days after his arrest, while in a police investigator's office writing a statement, someone poured boiling water down his neck and back, severely scalding him and causing him to lose consciousness. The authorities refused to investigate the abuse until Turgunov removed his shirt to reveal his burn scars during a court hearing in September The investigation concluded that his burns were minor and did not warrant any action. Turgunov, 57 years of age, was sentenced on October 23, to ten years in prison following a trial that manifestly violated fair trial standards. Another distinct concern relating to torture and ill-treatment in Uzbekistan is that of refugees and asylum seekers forcibly returned to Uzbekistan by neighboring countries, despite the serious risk of torture and ill-treatment they face upon return. Uzbek refugees in Kyrgyzstan appear particularly vulnerable, with more than a dozen forcibly returned to Uzbekistan since Human Rights Watch documented at least two such cases in the past year-of Erkin Holikov, handed over to Uzbek authorities in May despite having a pending asylum claim, and Haiotjon Juraboev, a UNHCR recognized refugee who was apparently stopped in Bishkek in September by unknown individuals whom witnesses said introduced themselves as security officials, only to emerge in an Uzbek prison several months later. Juraboev was sentenced to a year prison term in February Despite legislation outlawing censorship and ensuring freedom of speech, in practice, censorship is the norm and freedom of expression is severely limited in Uzbekistan. Independent media is tightly controlled and the few journalists who continue to work in the country do so at great risk to themselves, forced to self-censor due to harassment, beatings, detention, and threats of imprisonment for their critical views of the government. As noted above, the government continues to imprison a number of independent journalists on politically motivated charges. Among them is Jamshid Karimov, involuntarily held in a closed psychiatric ward since September for what many believe is retribution for publishing articles on the internet that were critical of the government. In the last year alone at least three journalists have been prosecuted and sentenced to imprisonment on trumped-up charges - Solijon Abdurakhmanov, arrested in June and sentenced in October to ten years in prison for selling drugs, Dilmurod Saidov, arrested in February and on trial at this writing on extortion charges, and Kushodbek Usmonov, arrested in January and sentenced in March to a six-month prison term for insult and libel. Foreign correspondents and Uzbek citizens working for foreign media are not allowed to operate without accreditation - currently there are only a handful of accredited foreign correspondents in Uzbekistan and no foreign journalists working for Western media outlets. Websites that carry articles critical of the government are routinely blocked within Uzbekistan, making access to international news and human rights websites extremely limited. Authorities in Uzbekistan continue their unrelenting, multi-year campaign of arbitrary detention and ill-treatment and torture of Muslims who practice their faith outside state controls or who belong to unregistered religious organizations, with thousands incarcerated for non-violent offenses. Peaceful religious believers are often branded 'extremists,' with dozens of new arrests and convictions on charges related to extremism each year. Human Rights Watch has documented allegations of ill-treatment in a number of these cases. In a worrisome trend that appears to be designed to keep religious prisoners incarcerated beyond their original sentences, authorities frequently initiate new criminal proceedings against such prisoners, often just weeks before their terms expire, for alleged violations of prison regulations such as refusing to attend breakfast, failure to shave and maintain adequate personal hygiene, or disobeying orders of prison staff. Prisoners subject to such proceedings are not afforded adequate due process rights or a meaningful opportunity to challenge the accusations mounted against them, and can easily end up having their prison sentences extended by three years or more. The widespread use of government-sponsored forced child labor to collect the annual cotton harvest remains a key human rights concern in Uzbekistan, despite the entry into force of a new law on children's rights in January and the government's ratification of the International Labor Organization's Conventions on the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor and on the Minimum Age of Employment in March A related issue of great concern is the risk of harassment and detention facing human rights defenders seeking to document and report on forced child labor. Human Rights Watch is aware of several cases in which local authorities have harassed and threatened activists after learning about their attempts to document the use of forced child labor. The Uzbek government's record of cooperation with international institutions, particularly with United Nations mechanisms, remains poor. Most strikingly, it continues to refuse access to the country to no fewer than eight UN special procedures despite their longstanding and repeated requests for invitations to visit Uzbekistan. The government has also demonstrated its lack of commitment to cooperation through its continued failure to implement UN expert bodies' recommendations pertaining to torture. A more recent reflection of the Uzbek government's intransigence was its approach to the Universal Periodic Review process, which was characterized by a refusal to accept any real criticism of its human rights record, and even an outright denial of the existence of a number of well-documented problems. The upcoming EU-Uzbekistan human rights dialogue provides an important opportunity to highlight the many pressing concerns that continue to mar the Uzbek government's human rights record, with a view to seeing them addressed. The following are recommendations for specific steps the Uzbek government should be urged to take to address them:. The following is a non-exhaustive list of imprisoned human rights defenders in Uzbekistan whose cases Human Rights Watch follows closely. Many other activists - defenders, independent journalists, and dissidents - are behind bars on politically motivated charges, including Yusuf Jumaev , a poet and political dissident sentenced to five years in a penal colony after calling for President Islam Karimov's resignation in the run-up to the December presidential elections. According to his family, Yusuf Jumaev continues to suffer ill-treatment in prison and is in very poor health. He is held at Jaslyk, a prison so notorious for is harsh conditions that the UN Special Rapporteur on torture recommended it be closed down. Authorities have also imprisoned Jumaev's sons Mashrab Jumaev and Bobur Jumaev, in apparent retaliation for their father's activism. In a deeply disconcerting development, Mashrab was last seen by his family in May , at which time he was reportedly in very poor health. A local televised news program reported in June that he had escaped from prison, but to this date his whereabouts are unknown and his family fears for his safety. Another prominent political prisoner is Sanjar Umarov , leader of the independent political movement 'Sunshine Coalition,' who was convicted in March on charges that appear to be politically motivated. Umarov's mental and physical health is in grave danger. According to his family, he was weak, emaciated, and unable to communicate during a visit in November While human rights defender Mutabar Tojibaeva's release on parole in June was a welcome step, authorities have not acquitted her. She is currently in France receiving medical treatment. Police arrested them on April 29, , and they were charged with attempting to blackmail a local businessman. They were tried at the Yangier City Court without the presence of either their attorney of choice or their non-attorney public defender, Tolib Yakubov, chair of the Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan who now lives in exile. They were each sentenced to nine years in prison on June 15, A week before the sentencing, in a private conversation at the prison with Mr. Yakubov, the men described how they were tortured and pressured into signing false confessions. According to Ozoda Yakubova, Formonov's wife, the head of the prison summoned Formonov to his office and ordered him to sign a statement testifying that he had committed 'violations of the regime' and would not be eligible for amnesty. His wife told HRW that he initially refused, but after being tortured, he relented and gave the authorities his signature. Formonov has been repeatedly placed into a punishment cell for 'breaking prison rules. On January 8, , Formonov was reportedly stripped of his overclothing, hand-cuffed and put into an unheated punishment cell for 15 days. In January , temperatures in Uzbekistan reached approximately C. Karamatov was held in prison in Karshi until his health deteriorated to such an extent in mid-October that he was transferred to a prison hospital. According to Karamatov's family, who saw him in mid-November, Karamatov was very weak, coughing blood, and had lost nearly half his body weight. Prison doctors diagnosed him with a severe form of tuberculosis. Prison officials accused Karamatov of violating internal prison rules to render him ineligible for amnesty or early release. For example, according to his wife, on December 30, , Karamatov was accused of breaching prison rules in this case, allegedly saying prayers. When he refused to sign the document attesting a breach of internal order and said that he would complain to the public prosecutor, the prison guards reportedly escorted him outside, took off his hat and jersey, and made him stand in the freezing temperatures for nearly four hours in order to force Karamatov to sign the document. In March , Karamatov's wife reported that yet another charge of breaching internal order had been brought against him. According to Karamatov's family, following increased attention to his deteriorating health, beginning in mid-February , Karamatov started receiving proper medical attention and tuberculosis treatment. His family reports that he has since gained about 40 kilograms and is in much better health. Karimov is an independent journalist from Jizzakh and vocal critic of the government's policies who regularly published articles on the internet. On September 12, he disappeared after visiting his mother at the Jizzakh Province Hospital. Soon thereafter Karimov was forcibly admitted to the Samarkand Psychiatric Hospital where according to unconfirmed rumors, he was subjected to forcible treatment with antipsychotic drugs. There is no medical basis for Karimov's confinement or treatment and authorities continue to demand that he denounce his journalistic activities. In September , Karimov informed Bakhtiyor Khamraev, a fellow human rights defender, that a commission was going to visit him to consider his release. Human Rights Watch has not been able to confirm whether there was such a visit, but to date, Karimov remains in psychiatric detention. Human Rights Watch has received worrying reports indicating that Karimov's family has been intimidated by the authorities and warned not to speak with anyone about Karimov's case. In late spring Karimov's mother passed away and he was allowed to attend the funeral and to be with his family for five days, but had been instructed not to contact anyone outside the immediate family during this time. Kholjigitov, 60 years of age, is a member of the Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan in Samarkand province who defended farmers' rights, assisting farmers fighting expropriation of their farms. After working as the director of two state-owned farms he established his own farm, called Free Peasants, in , and supported the poor. Police arrested Kholjigitov on June 4, , on the basis of statements accusing him of threatening to publicly blackmail business owners if they did not buy his silence. At his trial, these statements were retracted. The judge, however, did not account for this change in testimony, and on October 18, , sentenced Kholjigitov to ten years in prison for extortion and slander. Local human rights groups report that Norboi Kholjigitov's health has dramatically deteriorated over the last year and he is in need of medical assessment and treatment. According to Mukhammadjonov, prison authorities continued to accuse him of administrative violations. Such violations can delay his release and render him ineligible for parole. Mukhammadjonov is currently preparing an appeal to be filed with the Supreme Court of Uzbekistan. According to Kholjigitov's family who visited him in September and December , and again in March , Kholjigitov's health has deteriorated markedly. Kholjigitov, who suffers from diabetes, has partially lost control of his right arm and leg due to complications from diabetes and is unable to walk. As of December Kholjigitov had apparently lost all but one of his teeth and his wife estimates that he has lost about 35 kilograms since his imprisonment. He is in urgent need of appropriate medical care. Kholjigitov has also faced ill-treatment and harassment by prison authorities, particularly after sending a complaint to the Supreme Court of Uzbekistan in November Prison officials have reportedly threatened him with transfer to a psychiatric clinic if he continues to file complaints. Irzaev and Okpulatov are both members of the Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan working as, respectively, the director and a teacher of a school in Samarkand. They were tried together with Kholjigitov in October and sentenced to 6 years in prison by the Samarkand regional court. Okpulatov is held in Navoi prison No. Relatives who visited him on March 29, found him in very poor health. His right leg was practically incapacitated and both eyes visibly infected. Okpulatov is in urgent need of medical care. He was arrested on October 27, , and charged with hooliganism on the basis of a written complaint stating that he exposed himself in public to his neighbor's teenage daughter. Isakov's supporters found the accusation particularly shocking and offensive because he is a pious Muslim. At his trial, which began December 15, , Isakov did not confess and told the judge that while in pre-trial detention he had been beaten on his head with a bottle filled with water. On December 20, , Isakov was sentenced to eight years in prison. Isakov is being held at Karshi prison. Khudainasarov is the head of the Angren branch of the human rights organization Ezgulik and has focused his work on fighting corruption in the police and security forces. He was arrested on July 21, On January 12, he was sentenced to nine and a half years in prison on charges of extortion, swindling, abuse of power, and falsification of documents. Khudainasarov wrote a letter to his lawyer complaining about beatings and ill-treatment he was subjected to the day after his trial ended. According to the letter, Khudainasarov was also put in a punishment cell on January 13, one day after the verdict was issued, in retribution for not confessing during the trial. Khudainasarov's relatives reported to Human Rights Watch that he has suffered torture and ill-treatment in prison. Khudainasarov has filed complaints with the prosecutor's office and gone on a temporary hunger strike to protest his ill-treatment. According to his wife, Khudainasarov made a suicide attempt in fall and was rescued by fellow inmates. He has worked to defend the rights of people persecuted for their religious beliefs and affiliations, especially those whose religious practice falls beyond the confines of state-sponsored Islam. Rasulov was arrested at the end of April and in October was sentenced to 10 years in prison on charges that included alleged anti-constitutional activity. He is being held in prison colony No. Abdurakhmanov is a Karakalpakstan-based outspoken journalist who has written on sensitive issues such as social and economic justice, human rights, corruption, and the legal status of Karakalpakstan in Uzbekistan. He also is a member of the human rights group 'Committee for the Protection of Personal Rights. Traffic police arrested Abdurakhmanov on June 7, when they stopped his car, allegedly to check his identity, and found Abdurakhmanov denies knowing about or having anything to do with the drugs and his brother, Bakhrom, a lawyer who is representing him at this trial, believes that the police planted the drugs. The investigators failed to carry out basic investigative steps such as checking the drugs for fingerprints despite repeated requests by Abdurakhmanov and his lawyer. Authorities initially charged Abdurakhmanov with drug possession, but after the investigators determined that Abdurakhmanov does not use drugs, they charged him with selling drugs instead, a more serious charge punishable by up to 20 years of imprisonment. The September trial against Abdurakhmanov, failed to meet fair trial standards. The court in Nukus, sentenced Abdurakhmanov to 10 years in prison and this sentence has been upheld on appeal by two instances. Abdurakhmanov's lawyer and brother is being hampered in filing a last instance appeal with the Supreme Court of Uzbekistan because of an ongoing, mandatory re-licensing process for all Uzbek lawyers that the authorities appear to have misused to revoke his license. Turgunov founded and heads the human rights group Mazlum, and is a member of the opposition political party ERK. He is an advocate for the rights of political and religious prisoners and speaks out against torture. In the months leading up to his arrest in July , Turgunov had been working in Karakalpakstan as a public defender in a number of sensitive cases. In , Turgunov was sentenced to six years in prison on politically motivated charges of 'abuse of office' and 'official negligence,' related to his work on his neighborhood committee to set up private alternatives to services that are supposed to be provided by the state. He was released under an amnesty in May Arrested on July 11, in Karakalpakstan and accused of extortion on fabricated charges, Turgunov is currently in detention and the trial against him is underway. Serious due process violations during the investigation and proceedings undermine Turgunov's right to a fair and impartial trial. Turgunov has also told his lawyer that he suffered ill-treatment in custody. On July 14, he was taken from a police cell to an investigator's office to write a statement. He told his lawyer that, while he was in the office, someone poured boiling water down his neck and back, causing severe burns and causing Turgunov to lose consciousness. The lawyer, Rustam Tulyaganov, told Human Rights Watch that he observed burns on Turgunov's body and that marks were still evident during the trial hearing on September Tulyaganov submitted a request to the Prosecutor's Office on July 22 for an investigation into the ill-treatment, but received no reply. In his court hearing on September 16, Turgunov removed his shirt to show the burn scars, which covered a large portion of his back and neck. After viewing the burn marks, the judge ordered a forensic medical exam, which occurred on September The exam concluded that his burns were minor and did not warrant any action. The Amudarinskii court in Manget, Karakalpakstan, sentenced Turgunov to 10 years in prison on October 23, This sentence has been upheld on appeal and like Abdurakhmanov, Turgunov was in the process of preparing his last instance appeal with the Supreme Court of Uzbekistan when his lawyer, Rustam Tulyaganov, lost his license as part of the government-run re-licensing procedure. Turgunov's son, Murat, visited his father on May 25, and told Human Rights Watch that his father had lost a significant amount of weight and was in very bad health. Turgunov, 57 years old, is reportedly forced to work 12 hours shifts at a brick factory, and complained of severe leg pain as a result of this work, for which he is not given appropriate treatment. At the end of Turgunov was apparently transferred without warning or explanation to Jaslyk prison, notorious for its harsh conditions, where he endured regular beatings. After roughly one month he was transferred back to the prison colony in Karshi where he continues to serve his sentence. Usmonov, 67 years old, is a member of Ezgulik in the Andijan region. He was arrested on January 13, by police officers in Asaka, Andijan, initially on charges of hooliganism allegedly brought forward by Usmonov's nephew. Subsequently the authorities changed the charges to libel and insult, without explaining the reasons or specifying the details of when and against whom the alleged libel and insult took place. It is believed that Usmonov was prosecuted in retribution for writing several articles criticizing police officers and other high-ranking officials. Usmonov was sentenced on March 18, to a six-month prison term. During the trial Usmonov testified that he had been subjected to torture and ill-treatment, including being beaten with hard objects in the groin and abdomen, and being forced to lie naked face down and being threatened with rape if he did not confess his guilt. Usmonov reportedly submitted statements about his treatment to the prosecutor general, but received no response. The judge at trial also ignored his statement and did not order an investigation into the alleged torture and ill-treatment. On May 11, , Usmonov's sentence was upheld on appeal. He is currently being held in Andijan prison and is due to be released on July 13, Saidov is an independent journalist and member of the human rights group Ezgulik. According to his colleagues, Saidov's human rights work involved, among others, helping farmers defend their rights in the Samarkand region. Observers believe that the real reason for his arrest was his investigations of corruption and violations by the officials of Djumbay district of Samarkand region. Following a hearing held on February 25, , the Samarkand city court ruled that Saidov be held in custody. His lawyer was not informed of the hearing on time and was not present. During the hearing, a woman who was initially put forward by the prosecution as a witness to the alleged extortion made an official statement that she had never met Saidov before. Saidov has issued a statement from prison insisting on his innocence. Human Rights Watch shares Ezgulik's concern that Saidov is being prosecuted in retribution for uncovering corruption-related abuses by regional officials. Saidov's trial began on June 1, , at the Tailak regional court. A second hearing scheduled for June 4, was postponed because a prosecutor apparently failed to appear in court. The next hearing is scheduled to take place on June 9, Get updates on human rights issues from around the globe. Join our movement today. Countries Africa All Africa. Burkina Faso. Central African Republic. Democratic Republic of Congo. Equatorial Guinea. Eswatini formerly Swaziland. Sierra Leone. South Africa. South Sudan. Americas All Americas. Costa Rica. Dominican Republic. El Salvador. Asia All Asia. China and Tibet. Myanmar Burma. North Korea. Papua New Guinea. South Korea. Sri Lanka. Bosnia and Herzegovina. Czech Republic. European Union. Holy See. United Kingdom. Saudi Arabia. United Arab Emirates. United States All United States. Criminal Justice. Economic Justice. Racial Justice. US Foreign Policy. Topics Arms. Children's Rights. Crisis and Conflict. Disability Rights. Economic Justice and Rights. Environment and Human Rights. Free Speech. LGBT Rights. Refugees and Migrants. Rights of Older People. International Justice. Technology and Rights. United Nations. Women's Rights. Take Action. Join Us Our Committees. Film Festival. Legacies for Justice. Voices for Justice. About Careers. About Us. Social Media. Human Rights Education. Financials and Fundraising Policy. Give Now Make a One-time Gift. Give Monthly. Gifts in Wills and Trusts. Partners for Justice. Stock or Wire Transfer. Give from Your IRA. Donate Now. English Choose your language. More Languages. Would you like to see a version of this page that loads faster by showing text only? Yes No, don't ask again. Human Rights Watch. Accountability for the Andijan massacre The Uzbek government has steadfastly refused to clarify the circumstances surrounding the massacre by government forces in Andijan, or to hold accountable those responsible for the killings. Persecution of human rights defenders and repression of civil society activism In the aftermath of the Andijan massacre, the Uzbek government unleashed a fierce crackdown on civil society unprecedented in its proportions. Torture and ill-treatment Torture and ill-treatment are endemic to the criminal justice system in Uzbekistan. Repression of media freedoms Despite legislation outlawing censorship and ensuring freedom of speech, in practice, censorship is the norm and freedom of expression is severely limited in Uzbekistan. Religious persecution Authorities in Uzbekistan continue their unrelenting, multi-year campaign of arbitrary detention and ill-treatment and torture of Muslims who practice their faith outside state controls or who belong to unregistered religious organizations, with thousands incarcerated for non-violent offenses. Forced child labor in the cotton industry The widespread use of government-sponsored forced child labor to collect the annual cotton harvest remains a key human rights concern in Uzbekistan, despite the entry into force of a new law on children's rights in January and the government's ratification of the International Labor Organization's Conventions on the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor and on the Minimum Age of Employment in March Cooperation with international monitoring bodies The Uzbek government's record of cooperation with international institutions, particularly with United Nations mechanisms, remains poor. Recommendations The upcoming EU-Uzbekistan human rights dialogue provides an important opportunity to highlight the many pressing concerns that continue to mar the Uzbek government's human rights record, with a view to seeing them addressed. Azam Formonov and 2. Jamshid Karimov Karimov is an independent journalist from Jizzakh and vocal critic of the government's policies who regularly published articles on the internet. Norboi Kholjigitov Kholjigitov, 60 years of age, is a member of the Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan in Samarkand province who defended farmers' rights, assisting farmers fighting expropriation of their farms. Abdusattor Irzaev and 6. Habibulla Okpulatov Irzaev and Okpulatov are both members of the Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan working as, respectively, the director and a teacher of a school in Samarkand. Rasul Khudainasarov Khudainasarov is the head of the Angren branch of the human rights organization Ezgulik and has focused his work on fighting corruption in the police and security forces. Solijon Abdurakhmanov Abdurakhmanov is a Karakalpakstan-based outspoken journalist who has written on sensitive issues such as social and economic justice, human rights, corruption, and the legal status of Karakalpakstan in Uzbekistan. Akzam Turgunov Turgunov founded and heads the human rights group Mazlum, and is a member of the opposition political party ERK. Kushodbek Usmonov Usmonov, 67 years old, is a member of Ezgulik in the Andijan region. Dilmurod Saidov Saidov is an independent journalist and member of the human rights group Ezgulik. Your tax deductible gift can help stop human rights violations and save lives around the world. More Reading. November 5, Report. May 29, News Release. August 7, Report. February 13, Report. Most Viewed. August 15, Dispatches. October 29, Report. August 29, Dispatches. June 9, News Release. November 12, News Release. Protecting Rights, Saving Lives Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people in close to countries worldwide, spotlighting abuses and bringing perpetrators to justice. Enter an email address Leave blank Leave blank Leave blank. An error occurred while subscribing your email address. Please try again.
Hemp processing started to be industrialized in Uzbekistan
Navoi buying marijuana
It is currently the only company licensed to grow and process technical cannabis in Uzbekistan, reports World of NAN, citing the Ministry of Agriculture of Uzbekistan. The raw material is used to make cold-pressed oil. The production system is fully automated, with an oil bottling, sterilization, capping, packaging and labeling line for the finished product. The production capacity of the line is 1, bottles per hour, with a packing rate of up to 3, bottles per hour. The products are tested and inspected in the laboratory in accordance with international standards and requirements. It has a healthy composition, contains a balance of Omega-3, Omega-6, Omega-9, which is fully assimilated by the human body. In Uzbekistan, the cultivation and use of hemp for industrial purposes was legalized in The law defines varieties that contain less than 0. It's a very profitable crop to grow. It produces oil and fiber products. From one hectare of industrial hemp one can get tons of fiber, and from kg - 1 ton of oil used in the food industry. It should be noted that other projects on cultivation of technical hemp are currently being studied by the Ministry of Agriculture of Uzbekistan. In particular, such a project has been licensed and is being launched in the Kyzyltepa district of Navoi region. Projects in Bukhara and Samarkand regions are also being considered. Home News Hemp processing started to be industrialized in Uzbekistan Hemp processing started to be industrialized in Uzbekistan Genetically edited crops to begin trials in England. Hay fires are becoming more frequent in Kazakhstan. Weather forecasters will continue to forecast difficulties in harvesting. Sugar producer asks to raise investment subsidies. The best sheep were chosen at a competition in the Turkestan region.
Navoi buying marijuana
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Navoi buying marijuana
Navoi buying marijuana
Navoi buying marijuana
Navoi buying marijuana