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Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4. This study explores the roles, challenges, and collaborative efforts of key stakeholders engaged in addressing substance abuse. Using a qualitative narrative approach, the study examined stakeholder roles in tackling substance abuse in Mogadishu, Somalia. Purposive sampling was utilised to select all available community stakeholders actively addressing substance abuse. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, allowing participants the freedom to share their experiences openly. The research reveals a significant prevalence of psychoactive substances in Mogadishu, with emerging trends like the misuse of pregabalin driven by accessibility and affordability. Emphasising collaborative efforts, the study highlights the importance of effective communication and coordination among stakeholders to provide comprehensive support for individuals with substance abuse issues. Despite these challenges, such as limited resources, evolving drug trends, and addiction complexity, ongoing efforts and adaptation are crucial. Additionally, the research elucidates the established link between substance abuse and criminal behaviour, emphasising the potential consequences of drug addiction on financial desperation, violent acts, drug trafficking, and other criminal behaviours. The study reveals widespread substance abuse, necessitating adaptable authorities. Collaborative stakeholder efforts are vital for supporting individuals affected. Challenges demand sustained efforts. The study links substance abuse to crime. Effective resolution requires stakeholder unity, prevention programs, expanded treatment access, and adaptation to the evolving drug landscape while supporting those affected. The study shows how important the police, National Medicines Regulatory Authority NMRA , religious leaders, and social workers are in dealing with substance abuse. Each group brings special skills and resources to help with this complex problem. The research points out that there are a lot of psychoactive substances being used in Mogadishu. This includes new trends like the misuse of pregabalin. These substances are becoming more common because they are easy to get and affordable. These groups need to work together to deal with substance abuse. Good communication and coordination between them can make sure people struggling with substance abuse get the help and guidance they need. The study talks about problems like not having enough resources, the changing ways people use drugs, and how addiction is complicated. Dealing with these challenges means putting in ongoing effort and being able to change as needed. The research also shows that using drugs is connected to doing criminal activities. Being addicted to drugs can lead to things like not having enough money, being violent, selling drugs, and other criminal behaviours. Harmful or risky consumption of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illegal drugs, is referred to as substance abuse. Substance abuse is a growing concern in Somalia, with various factors contributing to the problem. Inhalant abuse, including the use of glue and other volatile substances, has been reported among street youth in Somalia. The inhalation of glue fumes is often used to achieve a psychoactive effect and is readily accessible to youth. This practice can have severe health consequences, including damage to the respiratory system and cognitive impairment. Opioid abuse has also become a growing problem in Somalia. The availability of prescription opioids, such as tramadol, has increased, leading to misuse and addiction issues. Drug abuse among marginalised youth has increased crime, including violence against women and girls. The availability of illicit drugs, such as heroin and counterfeit pharmaceuticals, contributes to this problem. Injected drug use carries significant health risks, including the transmission of bloodborne diseases like HIV and hepatitis. Efforts have been made to address substance abuse in Somalia, including community-based initiatives, awareness campaigns, and international organisations providing support for addiction treatment and prevention programs. This study aims to examine the role of stakeholders in addressing substance abuse in Mogadishu, Somalia, using a narrative qualitative design. Purposive sampling was used to select all the available stakeholders who actively address substance abuse in the communities. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were employed to gather data, enabling participants to freely and flexibly share their narratives and experiences. Thematic analysis of the collected qualitative data revealed patterns, commonalities, and disparities in the roles played by various stakeholders in combating substance abuse. The study population consisted of 5 key stakeholders actively addressing Substance abuse awareness campaigns in the communities. Thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews revealed six overarching themes that capture the diverse perspectives and experiences of stakeholders in addressing substance abuse in Mogadishu, Somalia. These themes are:. The prevention and management of substance abuse within the Mogadishu community require a multi-faceted approach involving various stakeholders, including the police force, the National Medicines Regulatory Authority NMRA , religious leaders, and social workers. Each of these entities plays a unique role in addressing this complex issue:. Law Enforcement: The police play a crucial role in enforcing drug-related laws, arresting drug dealers, and dismantling drug trafficking networks. Their presence helps deter drug-related crimes. Community Policing: Engaging in community policing efforts, the police can build trust within the community, gather information about drug-related activities, and work with residents to identify and address substance abuse issues. Diversion Programs: Some police departments may have diversion programs that aim to refer individuals with substance abuse issues to treatment and support services rather than pursuing criminal charges. This approach can help address the root causes of addiction. Regulation and Oversight: The NMRA regulates the pharmaceutical industry, ensuring that prescription medications with potential for abuse are properly controlled, prescribed, and dispensed. Monitoring and Surveillance: The NMRA monitors the pharmaceutical market to detect illegal or unapproved drugs, counterfeit medications, and improper distribution, preventing dangerous substances from entering the community. Public Education: The NMRA can contribute to public awareness campaigns about the dangers of misusing prescription drugs and the importance of responsible medication management. Moral and Religious Guidance: Religious leaders provide moral and religious guidance, emphasising the harmful effects of substance abuse and promoting virtuous, drug-free lives in line with religious teachings. Education: Religious leaders can raise awareness about substance abuse through religious events, sermons, educational programs, and encouraging prevention measures. Support for Recovery: Many religious communities establish support groups and recovery programs, providing individuals seeking recovery with a sense of belonging and purpose. Assessment and Counselling: Social workers can assess individuals struggling with substance abuse, provide counselling, and develop treatment plans. Advocacy: Social workers can advocate for clients within the healthcare and legal systems to ensure they receive appropriate treatment and support. Community Outreach: They may engage in outreach programs to educate the community about substance abuse, prevention, and available resources. There is a significant prevalence of psychoactive substances, including cannabis, pethidine, tramadol, marijuana, cocaine, heroin, glue, and, more recently, high doses of pregabalin. The drug landscape is in a constant state of flux, with new substances and usage trends emerging regularly. In light of these findings, it becomes imperative for authorities to remain vigilant and well-informed about the latest drugs and methods of drug distribution to address these evolving issues effectively, one striking example of this evolving drug landscape is the substantial misuse of pregabalin for non-medical purposes, often driven by the desire to experience euphoric or sedative effects. This misuse frequently involves the consumption of higher-than-prescribed doses of mg and the use of pregabalin without a valid prescription. Collaboration among these stakeholders is crucial for a holistic approach to substance abuse prevention and management within the Mogadishu community. Increase Public Awareness: Launch comprehensive public awareness campaigns to educate residents about the dangers of substance abuse and its impact on individuals and the community. Enhance Prevention Programs: Develop and expand prevention programs in schools and communities to target at-risk youth. These programs can include life skills training, peer support groups, and mentoring. Improve Access to Treatment: Increase the availability of addiction treatment centres and services, ensuring that individuals with substance use disorders have access to proper care, including detoxification, counselling, and rehabilitation. Community Policing: Collaborate with local law enforcement agencies to crack down on drug trafficking and illicit drug markets. Community policing can build trust between law enforcement and residents, making it easier to gather information and address substance abuse issues. Support Families: Establish family support services to help families cope with the challenges of having a loved one struggling with addiction. This can include counselling, support groups, and resources for families dealing with substance abuse. Engage Religious and Cultural Leaders: Encourage religious and cultural leaders to take an active role in addressing substance abuse issues within their communities. Their influence can be instrumental in shaping community norms. Mental Health Services: Recognize and address the mental health aspects of substance abuse. Provide mental health services to individuals with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders. Job Training and Employment Opportunities: Create vocational training programs and job placement services for individuals in recovery, helping them reintegrate into society and gain stable employment. Data Collection and Research: Invest in data collection and research to better understand the local dynamics of substance abuse, which can inform the development of targeted interventions. Strengthening Rehabilitation Facilities: Improve the quality and capacity of rehabilitation centres to accommodate more individuals seeking treatment and to provide evidence-based therapies. Community Partnerships: Foster collaborations between government agencies, NGOs, healthcare providers, and community-based organizations to create a comprehensive and coordinated approach to combat substance abuse. Legislative Reforms: Review and update existing drug-related legislation to ensure that it aligns with current challenges and allows for more effective responses to substance abuse issues. Peer Support Networks: Establish peer support networks for individuals in recovery to provide ongoing encouragement and assistance. Limited Resources: there are limited resources, including personnel, funding, and equipment, to combat substance abuse effectively. This can hinder their ability to conduct thorough investigations, carry out prevention programs, or respond to drug-related emergencies. Changing Drug Trends: The drug landscape is constantly evolving, with new substances and trends emerging regularly. Authorities must stay updated on the latest drugs and drug distribution methods to combat these issues effectively. For example, there is a massive report that pregabalin is used for non-medical reasons, such as to achieve a euphoric or sedative effect. This misuse can involve taking higher doses using it without a valid prescription. Complexity of Addiction: Addressing substance abuse requires a nuanced understanding of addiction as a health issue. Some of the officers may not have the necessary training to differentiate between users and traffickers or to handle individuals with substance use disorders appropriately. While not everyone who abuses drugs engages in criminal activity, there is a well-established connection between substance abuse and various types of crimes. Here are some of the key ways in which drug abuse can lead to criminal behaviour:. Financial Motivation: Drug addiction can be expensive, leading individuals to commit property crimes such as theft, burglary, or robbery to obtain money or valuables to support their drug habit. Violent Crimes: Some drugs can lead to aggressive and impulsive behaviour, increasing the risk of violent crimes such as assault and domestic violence. Drug Trafficking: Individuals involved in drug abuse may become drug traffickers or dealers, engaging in the illegal distribution of drugs, which is a criminal offence. Property Crimes: Drug users may steal or damage property to obtain drugs or as a result of drug-induced impaired judgment. Driving Under the Influence DUI : Operating a vehicle under the influence of drugs or alcohol is a crime that can lead to accidents, injuries, and fatalities. Stakeholders across various sectors unanimously agree on the severity of this issue and its detrimental impact on individuals, families, and the broader community. The primary objective of this study was to investigate and gain insights into the roles played by different stakeholders in addressing substance abuse problems. This study employed a narrative qualitative methodology to understand better the experiences, perspectives, and actions of various stakeholders involved in addressing substance abuse. The research conducted in this study aimed to identify the various obstacles, difficulties, and successful approaches utilised by stakeholders involved in substance abuse prevention, treatment, and harm reduction initiatives. The research results have emphasised the importance of diversion programs, which prioritise the redirection of individuals who are struggling with substance abuse problems towards treatment and support services rather than pursuing legal charges. This alternative methodology exhibits the potential to tackle the underlying factors contributing to addiction effectively. The findings of this study have wide-ranging implications for public health, responsible medication management, and policy considerations. These implications underscore the importance of continued research and collaboration among various stakeholders to maximise their effects further. The dynamic nature of the drug landscape is apparent as new substances and patterns of usage continue to arise regularly. Given these findings, authorities must maintain a state of vigilance and stay updated on the most recent drugs and modes of drug dissemination to tackle these dynamic challenges effectively. A notable illustration of this ever-changing drug environment is the significant misuse of pregabalin for non-medical purposes, often motivated by the pursuit of euphoric or sedative effects. The aforementioned misuse often entails the ingestion of doses exceeding the prescribed amount and the utilisation of pregabalin without a legitimate prescription. The research emphasises the growing prevalence and extensive utilisation of these substances in Mogadishu, attributing their accessibility and affordability as significant drivers of this phenomenon. The research findings also highlight a significant concern regarding the scarcity of resources, including personnel, funding, and equipment, which poses a hindrance to the ability to address substance abuse effectively. The presence of these constraints poses obstacles to conducting thorough investigations, obstructs the implementation of prevention programs, and prolongs the time it takes to respond to emergencies related to drug use. It is imperative to acknowledge and prioritise the resolution of these resource constraints to optimize the efficacy of interventions and establish a comprehensive and proactive strategy in the fight against substance abuse. This study highlights the imperative for regulatory agencies to proactively monitor the pharmaceutical industry to identify and address the presence of illicit or unauthorised drugs, counterfeit medications, and inappropriate distribution practices. Maintaining a state of vigilance is of utmost importance to effectively prevent the infiltration of potentially harmful substances into the local community. Furthermore, it is imperative to engage in collaborative endeavours with international organisations and neighbouring nations to tackle the intricate challenges associated with cross-border drug trafficking effectively. Although not all individuals who abuse drugs engage in illegal behaviours, there exist evident correlations between drug abuse and criminal activity. Drug addiction can result in severe financial distress, thereby precipitating engagement in property crimes. The administration of specific pharmaceutical substances has the potential to induce aggressive and impulsive behaviours, thereby increasing the likelihood of engaging in violent acts. Moreover, it is worth noting that specific individuals who are entangled in substance abuse may also engage in drug trafficking, which is an unlawful and illicit endeavour. The recognition of these connections is crucial for the development and implementation of comprehensive intervention strategies. This discourse highlights the imperative for authorities to adjust and address the ever-changing nature of the drug issue. To effectively address the issue of substance misuse, law enforcement agencies, healthcare providers, and policymakers must devise comprehensive strategies that encompass not only the regulation and dissemination of these substances but also prioritise prevention, education, and rehabilitation endeavours. This research has provided valuable insights into the prevalence and complexities of substance abuse in Mogadishu, Somalia. It highlights the critical roles played by various stakeholders, including the police, the National Medicines and Regulatory Authority NMRA , religious leaders, and social workers, in addressing this multifaceted issue. The study reveals a concerning presence of psychoactive substances in the city, underscoring the need for adaptable and responsive strategies from authorities. Effective collaboration among stakeholders is paramount to ensure comprehensive support for individuals struggling with substance abuse. However, the study also acknowledges the challenges posed by limited resources, the evolving trends in drug use, and the intricate nature of addiction, emphasising the need for ongoing efforts and continuous adaptation. Additionally, the research sheds light on the link between substance abuse and criminal behaviour, further emphasising the importance of tackling this issue. To effectively address substance abuse in Mogadishu, a united front must be established among stakeholders, policymakers, and communities. This collective effort should encompass the implementation of comprehensive prevention programs, the expansion of accessible treatment options, and the adaptation of strategies to the evolving drug landscape. Furthermore, providing support systems for those affected by substance abuse should remain a central focus of all interventions. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Subst Abuse Rehabil. Find articles by Shafii Abdullahi Maalim Mohamed. Find articles by Ahmed Muhammad Bashir. Received Sep 8; Accepted Dec 22; Collection date Similar articles. Add to Collections. Create a new collection. Add to an existing collection. 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Mogadishu where can I buy cocaine
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Mogadishu where can I buy cocaine
Voices of Change: Stakeholders’ Roles in the Fight Against Substance Abuse in Mogadishu, Somalia
Mogadishu where can I buy cocaine
Mogadishu where can I buy cocaine
Voices of Change: Stakeholders’ Roles in the Fight Against Substance Abuse in Mogadishu, Somalia
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