Modular Swimming Pools & Container Pools

For the first time, the performance of biocomposites and conventional composites were reviewed and compared. This comprehensive review aims to provide useful, new information for students and researchers to advanced further in this area towards designing and development of durable biocomposites for advanced application. The UV degradation of biofibre-based biocomposites can be reduced by hybridization with other synthetic fibres. Abdullah et al.118 reported that the hybridization of kenaf fibre with PET fibre-reinforced polyoxymethylene (POM) hybrid composite had better retention in mechanical properties than that of the neat kenaf fibre/POM composites.

Appendix B. Detail of clusters for the keyword-based analysis

• By leveraging innovative sensors and real-time data analysis, smart pools can automatically adjust water filtration, temperature, and chemical levels, minimizing human intervention and ensuring optimal conditions at all times.
• The exceptional flexibility of vinyl liner pools is evident in their limitless shape, size, and depth options.
• The water absorption can be reduced through the treatment of CNT which can restrict the water diffusivity into the sample.
• Under constant amplitude loading, the fatigue behaviour is described as a Wöhler curve, while at variable amplitude loading, the fatigue behaviour is described as a Gassner curve (Fig. 29).

However, results showed some unrelated topics because the term “durability” appears in different contexts (e.g. in civil construction, regarding the durability of concrete; biology and medicine, related to bacteria life; illnesses and aging; among others). Therefore, a round of preliminary database searches was performed to identify unrelated terms to generate a refined query focused on product durability in product design. Such searches were based on the presence of unrelated words due to limitations for analyzing phrases and sentences and after detecting the research topics commonly related to biology and medicine disciplines. The materials you choose for your pool significantly impact its visual appeal and overall design.

Consequently, aging behaviour can vary considerably when tested in an accelerated simulated weather chamber and natural weathering exposure in different climate countries' environment. Even though the weathering test can be studied in an accelerated weathering chamber with appropriate UV light and moisture condition setup, the simulated weathering chamber cannot directly simulate the real environmental condition. Part of this is because the solar radiation cannot be mimicked completely with the use of an artificial UV lamp.121 Recent studies and set-up conditions of weathering tests of biocomposites are presented in Table 4. Although there are many accelerated weathering studies reported according to the standard procedure, only a handful of studies have related their research to the actual aging progression and effective service life of the biocomposites. However, the general behaviour on the durability performance comparison between composites can be determined.

Mold and Mildew Resistance

In this respect, the second research direction in this context is the need for procedures to formally define or select geometry and materials, which are essential attributes for product durability. The definition of product architecture and parts need to be developed considering which ones can be reused, repaired, refurbished, or remanufactured. The selection of geometry also implies the selection of reversible joints to facilitate future upgrading processes and easiness for repair cycles. The selection of materials with high resistance to environmental conditions and wear is critical to extending the lifespan of products and parts.

Let's take a closer look at each and examine exactly why vinyl liner pools are quickly becoming a homeowner favorite and exceeding previous expectations. Figure 2 reveals an increase in research articles during the last decade, with a notable rise over the previous five years. In addition, three articles from 2022 were included in the selected works since they were already indexed in Scopus at the time of the literature search (December 5, 2021). First, see ProGorki stainless pool projects identified relevant keywords and research fields to narrow the analysis. We then conducted a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (Moher et al., 2009). PRISMA is a well-established methodology that offers a consistent and effective step-by-step process to help synthesize state-of-the-art literature reviews (Liberati et al., 2009).

For example, an electronic device can be refurbished using a combination of reused, repaired and new parts before recovering and recycling its precious materials during disassembly. Remanufacturing preserves finite resources and enhances device longevity while presenting an economically viable alternative for eco-conscious customers. Read our white paper on how to leverage insights from data analytics to detect issues at every phase of the product lifecycle, determine corrective actions and create durable products and parts fit for a circular economy.

Figure 5.

With growing concern over environmental pollution and global sustainable development, biocomposites made from various renewable resources are the materials of the future. With improvements in durability studies on biocomposites, there is a huge potential for these materials to succeed in commercial markets in the future. With the societal shift into use of more sustainable plastics and composites, the desirability of biocomposites will exceed the current level of implementation, and further development and modification would be required to meet or exceed the expectations that traditional composites have. These areas could include advanced aerospace, automotive and engineering applications, where biocomposite development is not up to standard at this time. Different processing techniques (compression moulding, injection moulding, etc.) and biofillers use when producing biocomposites could yield significant differences in terms of durability and performance. The UV degradation of biofibre-based biocomposites can be reduced by hybridization with other synthetic fibres and with the addition of small amount of UV-stabilizers.

Haggui et al.325 reported the fatigue damage mechanism of flax biocomposites using the acoustic emission technique. The physical changes on the appearance and schematic diagram of the intrinsic aging process before and after undergoing thermo-oxidative aging test is shown in Fig. The color of the samples changed significantly after they were aged for 1000 hours in a high temperature aging oven under constant airflow.

However, the long-term durability performance of plant-based composites still remains a concern, as material degradation during their service lifetime is undesirable. Both polymer matrix (biobased) and biofibre in the biocomposite can be degraded when constant exposure to harsh environments. The plants cell structures which are susceptible to different environmental attacks are listed in Table 1.

Minimal Maintenance, Maximum Longevity

Learn how companies can circulate products by optimizing waste reduction with virtual twin technology in order to move towards a circular economy. Durability is a product's capacity to endure and retain its function and form despite wear and tear. It is a crucial consideration for purchases, influencing longevity and cost-effectiveness.

Some interesting strategies for product attachment include post-purchase satisfaction (Mugge et al., 2010) and personalization (Fossdal and Berg, 2016). Other works have studied consumer perceptions and obsolescence based on product appearance referred to as cosmetic obsolescence (Lilley et al., 2019). However, since the last decade, obsolescence has been studied mainly to predict and manage product lifespan and minimize waste generation. Another aspect investigated by recent literature is the role of digital technologies in supporting the transition towards CE, including improving product design (Bressanelli et al., 2018).