Mitral Valve Prolapse

Mitral Valve Prolapse




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The mitral valve separates the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the left side of the heart. In mitral valve prolapse, the leaflets of the mitral valve bulge (prolapse) into the left atrium like a parachute during the heart's contraction. Sometimes mitral valve prolapse causes blood to leak back into the atrium from the ventricle, which is called mitral valve regurgitation.
Mitral valve prolapse occurs when the flaps (leaflets) of the heart's mitral valve bulge (prolapse) like a parachute into the heart's left upper chamber (left atrium) as the heart contracts.
Mitral (MY-trul) valve prolapse sometimes leads to blood leaking backward into the left atrium, a condition called mitral valve regurgitation.
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In most people, mitral valve prolapse isn't life-threatening and doesn't require treatment or changes in lifestyle. Some people with mitral valve prolapse, however, require treatment.
Although mitral valve prolapse is usually a lifelong disorder, many people with this condition never have symptoms. When diagnosed, people may be surprised to learn that they have a heart condition.
When signs and symptoms do occur, it may be because blood is leaking backward through the valve. Mitral valve prolapse symptoms can vary widely from one person to another. They tend to be mild and develop gradually. Symptoms may include:
If you think you have any of the above symptoms, make an appointment with your doctor. Many other conditions cause the same symptoms as mitral valve prolapse, so only a visit to your doctor can determine the cause of your symptoms.
If you're having chest pain and you're unsure if it could be a heart attack, seek emergency medical care immediately.
If you've already been diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse, see your doctor if your symptoms worsen.
The mitral valve controls the flow of blood between the upper and lower chambers of the left side of the heart. When your heart is working properly, the mitral valve closes completely when the heart pumps and prevents blood from flowing back into the upper left chamber (left atrium).
But in some people with mitral valve prolapse, one or both of the mitral valve leaflets have extra tissue or stretch more than normal, which causes them to bulge like a parachute into the left atrium each time the heart contracts.
The bulging may keep the valve from closing tightly. In some cases, blood may leak backward through the valve (mitral valve regurgitation).
This may not cause problems if only a small amount of blood leaks back into the left atrium. More severe mitral valve regurgitation can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue or lightheadedness.
Another name for mitral valve prolapse is click-murmur syndrome. When a doctor listens to your heart using a stethoscope, he or she may hear a clicking sound as the valve's leaflets billow back, followed by a whooshing sound (murmur) resulting from blood flowing back into the atrium.
Other names to describe mitral valve prolapse include:
Mitral valve prolapse can develop in any person at any age. Serious symptoms of mitral valve prolapse tend to occur most often in men older than 50.
Mitral valve prolapse can run in families and may be linked to several other conditions, such as:
Although most people with mitral valve prolapse never have problems, complications can occur. They may include:
Mitral valve regurgitation. The most common complication is a condition in which the valve leaks blood back into the left atrium.
Being male or having high blood pressure increases your risk of mitral valve regurgitation.
If regurgitation is severe, you may need surgery to repair or replace the valve in order to prevent heart failure.
Heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias). Irregular heart rhythms most commonly occur in the upper chambers of the heart. They may be bothersome, but aren't usually life-threatening.
People with severe mitral valve regurgitation or severe deformity of their mitral valve are most at risk of having rhythm problems, which can affect blood flow through the heart.
Heart valve infection (endocarditis). The inside of your heart is lined by a thin membrane called the endocardium. Endocarditis is an infection of this inner lining.
An abnormal mitral valve increases your chance of getting endocarditis from bacteria, which can further damage the mitral valve.
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Pislaru S, et al. Definition and diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 4, 2019.
Mitral valve prolapse. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/mvp/. Accessed Dec. 4, 2019.
Ferri FF. Mitral valve prolapse. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2020. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Dec. 4, 2019.
Kellerman RD, et al. Mitral valve prolapse. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2019. Elsevier; 2019. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Dec. 4, 2019.
Nishimura RA, et al. 2017 AHA/ACC focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2017; doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.03.011.
Problem: Mitral valve prolapse. American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/HeartValveProblemsandDisease/Problem-Mitral-Valve-Prolapse_UCM_450441_Article.jsp#.WDJJF9UrJ0w. Accessed Dec. 4, 2019.
Atrial fibrillation medications. American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Arrhythmia/AboutArrhythmia/Atrial-Fibrillation-Medications_UCM_423781_Article.jsp#.WDJKytUrJ0w. Accessed Dec. 4, 2019.
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Shiota T. Role of echocardiography for catheter-based management of valvular heart disease. Journal of Cardiology. 2017; doi:10.1016/j.jjcc2016.09.015.
AskMayoExpert. Mitral regurgitation (adult). Mayo Clinic; 2018.
Nalliah CJ, et al. Mitral valve prolapse and sudden cardiac death: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart. 2019; doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312932.
Mazine A, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of chordal replacement versus leaflet resection for posterior mitral leaflet prolapse. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 2018; doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.07.078.
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my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17241-…
What does mitral valve prolapse look like?
What does mitral valve prolapse look like?
What causes it, and what does it look like (pictures)? Mitral valve prolapse (also known as "click murmur syndrome" and "Barlow's syndrome") is the most common heart valve abnormality. The condition is slightly more prevalent in women than in men. The mitral valve is one of the four heart valves.
www.medicinenet.com/mitral_valve_prolap…
Can mitral valve prolapse run in families?
Can mitral valve prolapse run in families?
Mitral valve prolapse can run in families and may be linked to several other conditions, such as: Marfan syndrome Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Ebstein's anomaly Muscular dystrophy Graves' disease Scoliosis
www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/…
What is the treatment for mitral valve prolapse?
What is the treatment for mitral valve prolapse?
Surgery. Though most people with mitral valve prolapse don't need surgery, your doctor may suggest surgical treatment if you have severe mitral valve regurgitation with or without symptoms. Severe mitral valve regurgitation can eventually cause heart failure, preventing your heart from effectively pumping blood.
www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/…
Can a heart scan cause mitral valve prolapse?
Can a heart scan cause mitral valve prolapse?
Many people with a mitral valve prolapse do not have symptoms and it may only be spotted during a heart scan (echocardiogram) carried out for another reason. Mitral valve prolapse can sometimes cause: You probably will not need treatment if you do not have any symptoms. Your doctor may suggest:
www.nhs.uk/conditions/mitral-valve-probl…
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-prolapse/symptoms-causes/...
Overview
Symptoms
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The Mayo Clinic Experience and Patient Stories
Mitral valve prolapse occurs when the flaps (leaflets) of the heart's mitral valve bulge (prolapse) like a parachute into the heart's left upper chamber (left atrium) as the heart contracts. Mitral (MY-trul) valve prolapse sometimes leads to blood leaking backward into the left atriu…
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_valve_prolapse
Specialty: Cardiology
Other names: Floppy mitral valve syndrome, systolic click murmur syndrome, billowing mitral leaflet, Barlow's syndrome
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a valvular heart disease characterized by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. It is the primary form of myxomatous degeneration of the valve. There are various types of MVP, broadly classified as classic and nonclassic. In severe cases of classic MVP, complications include mitral regurgitation, infective endocarditis, congestive heart failure, and, in rare circumstances, cardiac arrest.
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a valvular heart disease characterized by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. It is the primary form of myxomatous degeneration of the valve. There are various types of MVP, broadly classified as classic and nonclassic. In severe cases of classic MVP, complications include mitral regurgitation, infective endocarditis, congestive heart failure, and, in rare circumstances, cardiac arrest.

The diagnosis of MVP depends upon echocardiography, which uses ultrasound to visualize the mitral valve. MVP is estimated to affect 2–3% of the population.

The condition was first described by John Brereton Barlow in 1966. It was subsequently termed mitral valve prolapse by J. Michael Criley.
Пролапс левого клапана, или пролапс митрального клапана, или пролапс двустворчатого клапана — заболевание, сопровождающееся нарушением …
Текст из Википедии, лицензия CC-BY-SA
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/mitral-valve-prolapse
Перевести · Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a condition in which the heart’s mitral valve doesn’t work well. The flaps of the valve are “floppy” and may not close tightly. These flaps normally help seal or …
https://www.heart.org/.../heart-valve-problems-and-causes/problem-mitral-valve-prolapse
Перевести · 08.02.2021 · What's mitral valve prolapse? Mitral valve prolapse, also called MVP, is a condition in which the two valve flaps of the mitral valve don't close smoothly or evenly, but bulge …
Mitral valve prolapse - Internal medicine lectures for FMGE and NEET PG by Dr Rajesh Gubba
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https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mitral-valve-prolapse/diagnosis...
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Doctors may diagnose mitral valve prolapse at any age. Your doctor is most likely to diagnose mitral valve prolapse while listening to your heart with a stethoscope during a physical examination. If you have mitral valve prolapse, your doctor may hear a clicking sound, which is common with this condition. Your doctor may also detect a heart murmur, which would be due to blood leaking back into the left atriu…
https://www.webmd.com/heart/mitral-valve-prolapse-symptoms-causes-and-treatment
Перевести · 29.08.2011 · Mitral valve prolapse is a common cause of a heart murmur caused by a "leaky" heart valve. Most cases of mitral valve prolapse are not serious and only need to be monitored.
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17241-mitral-valve-prolapse
Перевести · Mitral valve prolapse is a type of myxomatous valve disease. The tissue of the mitral valve leaflets and chordae are abnormally stretchy, so that as the heart beats, the mitral valve bows or …
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mitral-valve-problems
Перевести · The main problems that affect the mitral valve are: mitral valve prolapse – the valve becomes too floppy mitral regurgitation – the valve leaks and blood flows the wrong way mitral stenosis – the …
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Mitral valve prolapse - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
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