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The first, the V1 flying bombs stated appearing a few days later on 12 June. The V2 rockets began to fall on Paris and London on 8 September. By this time Propaganda minister Goebbels had made it clear there were more long-range terror weapons to come, although not what form they would take. HDP guns were fixed, high calibre, multi-chamber gun barrels, usually laid up the side of a suitable hill. The idea of a multi-chamber gun with the initial charge at the breech, then multiple booster propellant charges on the side of the barrel, ignited by the flash as the shell passes each, in order to accelerate the shell to its terminal velocity… was first proposed by the French in the midth century. The war ended before the French could build one, but 40 years later when the Germans drove into Paris they found the patent! Naturally Hitler loved the idea of a gun that could reach London, and by the summer of he had approved the building of two test guns in Germany, but, not wishing to wait for the results, he also ordered a site in France to be prepared. The Pas-de-Calais V3 site would have to be big. So to have a significant effect, there had to be a lot of them. The bunkers were to form a huge, self-contained underground complex with galleries containing powder and ammunition storage, living quarters for the garrison of 1, men, power, water and ventilations systems, workshops and general storage. They were supplied through two m long railway tunnels, buried 30m underground, with side tunnels running away to the gun shafts. They would have had steps dug into them to enable the gun crews to load the side chambers with powder for each firing. The tunnels at the base of the shafts, where the guns would be loaded, were m below ground. There were a set of vertical lift shafts to carry ammunition and powder from the 30m service level to the m base level. There were also ventilation shafts designed to carry away the fumes when the breeches were opened. At the surface, the gun barrels were protected by a 5m-thick concrete slab, capped with mm thick steel plates. Then a four month respite came, allowing the first concrete slab to be formed and set before the next bombing raids in March So construction work on the advanced parts of the site was able to continue almost unimpeded. Unfortunately for the Germans, back in the real world, things were not going so well. Not only was the development of the HDP guns not going smoothly — parts were failing and they were not achieving the velocity or range required — but also, thanks to set backs on the Eastern Front and the relentless Allied bombing of Germany, materials and resources were running low. In March it was decided to abandon the second bunker entirely and concentrate on just three of the five gun shafts in the first bunker. IE Mimoyecques would be reduced to just 15 guns. The Germans still hoped to get the base operational. As late as 2 June a report to Germany said that the first five barrels would be installed by 15 August, the next five by 15 September and the final five by 15 October. It was designed to travel at supersonic speed and bury itself in the ground before exploding. They dropped them on the battleship Tirpitz, and on the armoured U-boat pens on the French Atlantic coast. In total RAF Lancasters dropped Tallboys during WW2, and on 6 July they dropped sixteen of them on Mimoyecques, collapsing one of the gun shafts and several galleries. As a side note, unbeknown to the Germans, the Allies noticed that after the Tallboy raid, repairs were being made to the damaged railway track and tunnel. So they planned a Project Anvil operation, sending a remote-controlled P Liberator bomber packed with explosives to crash into the railway tunnel entrance. Unfortunately it blew up before leaving England. By the time of that last RAF raid, Paris had already been liberated, and the Canadians were quickly working their way up the Channel coast. The 3rd Canadian Division overran Mimoyecques on 5 September By then the site had already been abandoned. The British team led by Colonel Terence Sanders inspected the remains of the bunker, as far as they could. They certainly attempted to drain water out of the lower levels. It was he and his team who produced the cutaway drawing above in his report to the UK government dated 21 February Churchill ignored them. Allies or not, you can understand why. The site had but one function: to bombard London. No matter who controlled it in the short, medium or long term future and a future conflict with the Russians was already being anticipated they could only use it for one thing, and no British government could allow that. In May a team of Royal Engineers arrived at the site with 36 tonnes of TNT, which they laid out in the 30m tunnels at 38 key structural points and on the surface where the gun shafts emerged in order to blow up the concrete cover. The French were only notified after the explosives were detonated. As we now know, Mimoyecques turned out to be a tough nut to crack. Despite all that bombing plus the attention of the Royal Engineers, visitors can still explore quite a large part of the site at the 30m level. Pretty much everything below that is collapsed or flooded. The entrance looks just as discreet and insignificant as it tried to be in , but behind it is the enormous m train tunnel which disappears off into the distance feature photo. The last m and the northern entrance to the rail tunnel are collapsed, as are the adjacent service tunnels at the northern end. Essentially a guided or self-guided tour will take you along the main rail tunnel, then left down one of the service tunnels leading to the gun shafts, returning to the main tunnel through another service tunnel. Along the way there are plenty of information panels in multiple languages and a some memorials, one to the allied airmen who died attacking the site, one to the victims Todt organisation workers from 18 countries of the Tallboy raid on 6 July , and a small memorial stone to Joseph Kennedy and his crewmate, Lt. Wilford Willy, who died on the Anvil operation. At the western end of the service tunnels are what remains of the gun shafts, partially excavated. On one of the slopes, the museum have placed a recreation of a herring-bone HDP gun on the rubble to indicate where the guns were. Of course, if the guns had arrived, the whole shaft would have been concreted in steps with the metal rack supports for the guns, but that was a job the Germans were leaving till the first guns turned up and they would find the exact locations for the support racks before embedding them in the setting concrete. One of them was a herring-bone HDP, thought to be a late refinement. Not at Mimoyecques, no guns were installed or fired, but four shorter barrelled 50m HDP guns were made operational in November One pair was installed on a hillside outside at Lampaden in Germany and targeted on Luxembourg fifty kilometres away. The other pair were installed outside Buhl in Alsace targeted at Belfort. The artillery regiments operating the guns struggled to get the guns installed and armed. By this stage in the war, ammunition supplies were patchy, especially the specialised shells needed for HDP guns. Eventually, between 30 Dec 44 — 22 Feb 45 the Lampaden guns managed to fire shells at Luxembourg. Four dead, 13 wounded and the only military asset damaged, was a mobile laundry. The Buhl pair also struggled to get installed. On 1 February, only one gun had been set up, but the military situation was deteriorating so fast the regiment was ordered to dismantle the site and retreat… after first firing a token six shells. By this time the US 10th Armoured Division were only 5 kms away, so it was a bit of a mad scramble. You can see the remains of the space gun in Barbados. He was later commissioned by Saddam Hussein to build a supergun for Iraq — the Babylon Gun — and four others. The Babylon gun never became operational. It was dismantled after the first Gulf war and Bull was mysteriously assassinated in Several sections of the barrel can be seen in the UK. Will the supergun idea ever go away? I suspect not. People are even now dreaming up ways of firing projectiles into space … and probably over long-distances on Earth! In addition there was a slave labour force of Soviet captives. The British team was led by Terence Sanders, who before the war had been a University lecturer in engineering, a Member of the Institute of Civil Engineers, a member of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers, and a Territorial Army officer. In the middle of the Paris Olympics as we are, it would be remiss not to also mention, Sanders was a gold medal winner for Great Britain in the Coxless Four rowing event at the Olympics, also held in Paris! Website : Forteresse de Mimoyecques. The signage is good. They are all in the commune of Landrethun-le-Nord, which is also the name of the nearest village. There is parking at the site. You are not likely to encounter any. When hibernating, bats live off their reserves and if disturbed, they can die. So, Mimoyecques is closed to visitors from mid-October to mid-April each year. Check on their website for the precise dates. Your email address will not be published. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. This is a niche blog about technically-minded travel. It reflects my own interests in the mechanical, technical, historical, engineering, transport and military world. The Design and Construction of the V3 site at Mimoyecques The bunkers were to form a huge, self-contained underground complex with galleries containing powder and ammunition storage, living quarters for the garrison of 1, men, power, water and ventilations systems, workshops and general storage. Cutaway drawing of the bunker in Col. The Tallboy bomb was a monster! Visiting the Forteresse de Mimoyecques As we now know, Mimoyecques turned out to be a tough nut to crack. Mimoyecques tunnel entrance Essentially a guided or self-guided tour will take you along the main rail tunnel, then left down one of the service tunnels leading to the gun shafts, returning to the main tunnel through another service tunnel. Side tunnel Swipe left or click arrow for more…. Plenty of Info boards in the tunnels. Memorial to the 6th July bombing raid victims at Mimoyecques. Kennedy memorial. HDP gun recreation Swipe left or click arrow for more…. HDP gun recreation. During the summer, the museum is open daily from seven days a week. Calais WW2 Memorial Museum. Bullecourt Museum, Pas-de-Calais. Update on the Sunbeam hp engine rebuild at the National Motor Museum. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published.

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