Mini Skirt

👉🏻👉🏻👉🏻 ALL INFORMATION CLICK HERE 👈🏻👈🏻👈🏻

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mary Quant wearing a minidress (1966)
Anna Sui microskirt with matching underwear, 2011
Japanese kogal schoolgirl including short skirt


^ George, Sophie (2007). Le Vêtement de A à Z (in French). p. 100. ISBN 978-2-9530240-1-2 .

^ Cvekic, Ljilja (12 November 2007). "Prehistoric women had passion for fashion" . Reuters . Retrieved 19 September 2016 .

^ A. F. Harding (18 May 2000). European Societies in the Bronze Age . Cambridge University Press. pp. 372–. ISBN 978-0-521-36729-5 .

^ Ghose, Tia (21 May 2015). "Remains of Bronze-Age Cultic Priestess Hold Surprise" . livescience . Retrieved 19 June 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b Diamond, Norma (1997). "Defining the Miao" . In Harrell, Stevan (ed.). Cultural encounters on China's ethnic frontiers (2nd pr. ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. 98–103. ISBN 0-295-97528-8 .

^ Steele, Apollonia. "Chinese Language Book" . University of Calgary library . Retrieved 21 October 2015 .

^ Unknown (pre-1911); Zhang, Jane (translator) (2002). "Duan Qun Miao (Mini-Skirt Miao)" . University of Calgary Library . Retrieved 21 October 2015 .

^ Kline, Christina Baker (2008). Burt, Anne (ed.). About face : women write about what they see when they look in the mirror . Berkeley, CA: Seal Press. p. 60. ISBN 9781580052467 .

^ Adams, Michael Henry (September 2007). "How Black Style became Beautiful" . Ebony : 74.

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Bassior, Jean-Noel (2005). "Stardrive: Going Network" . Space patrol : missions of daring in the name of early television . Jefferson, N.C. [u.a.]: McFarland. p. 99. ISBN 9780786419111 .

^ Stableford, Brian (2004). Historical dictionary of science fiction literature . Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. p. 77. ISBN 9780810849389 .

^ Bassior, Jean-Noel (2005). "Carol and Tonga: The Women of the Space Patrol" . Space patrol : missions of daring in the name of early television . Jefferson, N.C. [u.a.]: McFarland. pp. 304–6. ISBN 9780786419111 .

^ Bassior, Jean-Noel (2005). "Blast-Off" . Space patrol : missions of daring in the name of early television . Jefferson, N.C. [u.a.]: McFarland. p. 25. ISBN 9780786419111 .

^ Montreal Gazette, May 28, 1960, page 2

^ Laver, James (2002). Costume and Fashion: A Concise History . London: Thames & Hudson, Ltd. pp. 261–2. ISBN 978-0-500-20348-4 .

^ Jump up to: a b Cumming, Valerie; Cunnington, C. W.; Cunnington, P. E. (2010). The dictionary of fashion history (Rev.ised, updated and supplemented ed.). Oxford: Berg. pp. 130–131. ISBN 9780857851437 .

^ Whiteley, Nigel (1987). Pop design : modernism to mod . London: Design Council. p. 209 . ISBN 9780850721591 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d Gilmore, Eddie (12 June 1962). "British Girls (Ya! Ya!) Wear Skirts 8 Inches Above Knee" . Independent (Long Beach, California) . p. 22 . Retrieved 16 November 2015 – via Newspapers.com .

^ John Abney, "Yahoo! The Ya-Ya!" Billings Gazette , Aug. 6, 1962, p. 6.

^ premierludwig (19 July 2005). "Trends Of The Mid-1960s workshop" . Vintage Fashion Guild . Retrieved 31 January 2017 .

^ Livraghi, Giancarlo (2002). "The pitfalls of fashion" . off-line . Retrieved 31 January 2017 .

^ Thomas, Pauline (2014). "The 60s Mini Skirt 1960s Fashion History" . Fashion-Era.com . Retrieved 31 January 2017 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Foreman, Katya (21 October 2014). "Short but sweet: The miniskirt" . BBC . Retrieved 9 June 2016 .

^ Miles, Barry (2009). The British invasion: the music, the times, the era . New York, NY: Sterling. p. 203. ISBN 9781402769764 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Steele, Valerie (2000). Fifty years of fashion : new look to now (English ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 51–64. ISBN 9780300087383 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d "Garments worn by Marit Allen" . Victoria and Albert Museum. 13 July 2011 . Retrieved 12 July 2012 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e Polan, Brenda; Tredre, Roger (2009). "André Courrèges". The great fashion designers (English ed.). Oxford: Berg Publishers. pp. 123 –125. ISBN 9780857851741 .

^ Horton, Ros; Simmons, Sally (2006). Women who changed the world : fifty inspirational women who shaped history . London: Quercus. p. 170. ISBN 9781847240262 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Polan, Brenda; Tredre, Roger (2009). "Mary Quant". The great fashion designers (English ed.). Oxford: Berg Publishers. pp. 103 –105. ISBN 9780857851741 .

^ Kennedy, Carol (2003). From Dynasties to Dotcoms : The Rise, Fall and Reinvention of British Business in the Past 100 Years . London: Kogan Page Ltd. p. 122. ISBN 9780749441272 .

^ "The stories behind five global fashion trends" . BBC . 2019 . Retrieved 11 October 2019 .

^ Jump up to: a b Cartner-Morley, Jess (2 December 2000). "Chelsea girl who instigated a new era" . The Guardian . Retrieved 12 July 2012 .

^ Carter, Ernestine (1977). The changing world of fashion: 1900 to the present . London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. p. 213. ISBN 9780297773498 .

^ Jump up to: a b Lester, Richard (2008). John Bates : fashion designer . Woodbridge, Suffolk: ACC Editions. p. 43. ISBN 9781851495702 .

^ Peterson, Patricia (3 August 1964). "Courrèges Is Star of Best Show Seen So Far" . The New York Times . Retrieved 11 January 2016 .

^ Lester, Richard (2008). John Bates : fashion designer . Woodbridge, Suffolk: ACC Editions. p. 38. ISBN 9781851495702 .

^ Lester, Richard (2008). John Bates : fashion designer . Woodbridge, Suffolk: ACC Editions. p. 45. ISBN 9781851495702 .

^ Breward, Christopher; Lister, Jenny; Gilbert, David, eds. (2006). Swinging sixties : fashion in London and beyond ; 1955 – 1970 . London: V&A Publ. p. 31. ISBN 9781851774845 .

^ "Dress of the Year walkthrough" . Fashion Museum, Bath . Bath & North East Somerset Council 2015. 10 November 2014 . Retrieved 21 October 2015 .

^ Staff writer. "Barbara Hulanicki and Biba" . Victoria and Albert Museum . Retrieved 21 October 2015 .

^ Staff writer (1 December 1967). "Fashion: Up, Up & Away". TIME . (subscription required)

^ Shrimpton, Jean (1990). An Autobiography .

^ Kimball, Duncan (2002-09-12). Jean Shrimpton in Melbourne. Milesago article on Jean Shrimpton also known as jean shrimpTON, modified "Thursday, 12 September 2002 10:48:55". Retrieved from http://www.milesago.com/Features/shrimpton.htm .

^ Adburgham, Alison (1967-10-10). Mary Quant. Interview with Alison Adburgham, The Guardian , 10 October 1967. Retrieved from http://century.guardian.co.uk/1960-1969/Story/0,6051,106475,00.html .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Ross, Robert (2008). "Engendered Acceptance and Rejection" . Clothing: A Global History . Polity. pp. 162–163. ISBN 9780745631868 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d Ivaska, Andrew M. (9 September 2004). " ' Anti-mini Militants Meet Modern Misses': Urban Style, Gender, and the Politics of 'National Culture' in 1960s Dar es Salaam, Tanzania" . In Allman, Jean (ed.). Fashioning Africa: Power and the Politics of Dress . Indiana University Press. pp. 113–114. ISBN 0253111048 .

^ Christopher Booker (1980) The Seventies

^ Holt, Patricia (22 September 1995). "Making Ms.Story / The biography of Gloria Steinem, a woman of controversy and contradictions" . The San Francisco Chronicle .

^ Greer, Germaine (1969-02). Germaine Greer in Oz , February 1969.

^ Staff writer. "Vivienne Westwood designs" . Victoria and Albert Museum . Retrieved 5 June 2015 .

^ Cicolini, Alice; British Council (2000). Inside out: underwear and style in the UK . Black Dog. ISBN 9781901033274 .

^ Evans, Caroline (2004). "Cultural Capital 1976–2000". In Breward, Christopher; Ehrman, Edwina; Evans, Caroline (eds.). The London look : fashion from street to catwalk . New Haven: Yale University Press / Museum of London. p. 149. ISBN 9780300103991 .

^ Evans, Caroline; Thornton, Minna (1989). Women and Fashion: A New Look . London: Quartet Books. pp. 148–150 . ISBN 9780704326910 .

^ Jump up to: a b Standring, Chris (2 March 2015). "Top Trends: Spring's long skirts flatter every body" . Edmonton Journal . Postmedia Network Inc . Retrieved 20 October 2015 .

^ Parry, Richard Lloyd (22 October 2011). "Japan's schoolgirls set the trend" . The Independent . Retrieved 26 October 2015 .

^ Miller, Laura (2012). "Youth fashion and beautification" . In Mathews, Gordon; White, Bruce (eds.). Japan's Changing Generations: Are Young People Creating a New Society? . Routledge. pp. 87–88. ISBN 9781134353897 .

^ Staff writer (29 September 2002). "Gucci Spring/Summer 2003 Ready-To-Wear" . Vogue . Condé Nast. Archived from the original on 27 November 2015 . Retrieved 20 October 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e Jones, Sam; Kington, Tom (25 October 2010). "Italian mayor seeks ban on miniskirts that reveal too much" . The Guardian . Retrieved 9 June 2016 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Kiruga, Morris (5 December 2014). "Understanding Africa's 'fashion gestapo': Miniskirts, maxi skirts make-up and long beards" . Mail and Guardian Africa . Retrieved 10 June 2016 .

^ Sevenzo, Farai (2 May 2013). "Letter from Africa: Miniskirts and morals" . BBC News . Retrieved 10 June 2016 .



Wiki Loves Monuments: your chance to support Russian cultural heritage!
Photograph a monument and win!

A miniskirt (sometimes hyphenated as mini-skirt , separated as mini skirt , or sometimes shortened to simply mini ) is a skirt with its hemline well above the knees, generally at mid-thigh level, normally no longer than 10 cm (4 in) below the buttocks; [1] and a dress with such a hemline is called a minidress or a miniskirt dress . A micro-miniskirt or microskirt is a miniskirt with its hemline at the upper thigh, at or just below crotch or underwear level.

Short skirts have existed for a long time, though they were generally not called "mini" or recognised as a fashion trend until the 1960s. Instances of clothing resembling miniskirts have been identified by archaeologists and historians as far back as c. 1390–1370 BCE. In the early 20th century, the dancer Josephine Baker 's banana skirt that she wore for her mid-1920s performances in the Folies Bergère was subsequently likened to a miniskirt. Extremely short skirts became a staple of 20th-century science fiction , particularly in 1940s pulp artwork, such as that by Earle K. Bergey , who depicted futuristic women in a "stereotyped combination" of metallic miniskirt, bra and boots.

Hemlines were just above the knee in 1961, and gradually climbed upward over the next few years. By 1966, some designs had the hem at the upper thigh. Stockings with suspenders (garters) were not considered practical with miniskirts and were replaced with coloured tights. The popular acceptance of miniskirts peaked in the " Swinging London " of the 1960s, and has continued to be commonplace, particularly among younger women and teenage girls. Before that time, short skirts were only seen in sport and dance clothing, such as skirts worn by female tennis players, figure skaters, cheerleaders, and dancers.

Several designers have been credited with the invention of the 1960s miniskirt, most significantly the London-based designer Mary Quant and the Parisian André Courrèges .

While very short skirts have existed for a long time, they were generally not called "mini" until the 1960s. Figurines produced by the Vinča culture (c. 5700–4500 BCE) have been interpreted by archaeologists as representing women in miniskirt-like garments. [2] One of the oldest surviving garments resembling a miniskirt is the short woollen skirt with bronze ornaments worn by the Egtved Girl for her burial in the Nordic Bronze Age (c. 1390–1370 BCE). [3] [4]

One of the earliest known cultures where women regularly wore clothing resembling miniskirts was a subgroup of the Miao people of China, the Duan Qun Miao ( Chinese : 短裙苗 ; pinyin : duǎn qún miáo , literally "short skirt Miao"). [5] In albums produced during the Qing dynasty (1644–1912) from the early eighteenth century onwards to illustrate the various types of Miao, the Duan Qun Miao women were depicted wearing "mini skirts that barely cover the buttocks." [5] At least one of the "One Hundred Miao Pictures" albums contains a poem that specifically describes how the women's short skirts and navel-baring styles were an identifier for this particular group. [6] [7]

The dancer Josephine Baker 's banana skirt that she wore for her mid-1920s performances in the Folies Bergère was subsequently likened to a miniskirt. [8] [9]

Extremely short skirts became a staple of 20th-century science fiction, particularly in 1940s pulp artwork such as that by Earle K. Bergey who depicted futuristic women in a "stereotyped combination" of metallic miniskirt, bra and boots. [10] [11] The "sci-fi miniskirt" was seen in genre films and television programmes as well as on comic book covers. [10] The very short skirts worn by regular female characters Carol and Tonga (played by Virginia Hewitt and Nina Bara ) in the 1950–55 television series Space Patrol have been suggested as probably the first 'micro-minis' to have been seen on American television. [10] It was later seen as remarkable that only one formal complaint relating to the skirts could be recalled, and that by an ad agency in relation to an upwards shot of Carol climbing a ladder. [10] Hewitt pointed out that even though the complainant claimed they could see up her skirt, her matching tights rendered her effectively clothed from neck to ankle. [10] Otherwise, Space Patrol was applauded for being wholesome and family-friendly, even though the women's short skirts would have been unacceptable in other contexts. [10] Although the 30th-century women in Space Patrol were empowered, experts in their field, and largely treated as equals, "it was the skirts that fuelled indelible memories." [12] The Space Patrol skirts were not the shortest to be broadcast at the time – the German-made American 1954 series Flash Gordon showed Dale Arden (played by Irene Champlin ) in an even shorter skirt. [13]

The manager of an unnamed shop in London's Oxford Street began experimenting in 1960 with skirt hemlines an inch above the knees of window mannequins, and noted how positively his customers responded. [14] Hemlines were just above the knee in 1961, and gradually climbed upward over the next few years. By 1966, some designs had the hem at the upper thigh. Stockings with suspenders (American English: " garters ") were not considered practical with miniskirts and were replaced with coloured tights. [15] Towards the end of the 1960s, an even shorter version, called the microskirt or micro-mini, emerged. [16] [17]

Extremely short skirts, some as much as eight inches above the knee, were observed in Britain in the summer of 1962. [18] The young women who wore these short skirts were called "Ya-Ya girls", a term derived from "yeah, yeah" which was a popular catcall at the time. [18] One retailer noted that the fashion for layered net crinoline petticoats raised the hems of short skirts even higher. [18] The designer Mary Quant was quoted as saying that "short short skirts" indicated youthfulness which was seen as desirable, fashion-wise. [18]

The earliest known reference to the miniskirt is in a humorous 1962 article datelined Mexico City and describing the "mini-skirt" or "Ya-Ya" as a controversial item of clothing that was the latest thing on the production line there. The article characterized the miniskirt as stopping eight inches above the knee. It referred to a writing by a psychiatrist, whose name it did not provide, who had argued that the miniskirt was a youthful protest of international threats to peace. Much of the article described the reactions of men, who were said to favor the fashion on young women to whom they were unrelated, but to oppose it on their own wives and fiancés. [19]

In the UK, by shortening the skirts to less than 24 inches (610 mm) they were classed as children's garments rather than adult clothes. Children's clothing was not subject to purchase tax whereas adult clothing was. [20] The avoidance of tax meant that the price was correspondingly less. [21] [22]

Several designers have been credited with the invention of the 1960s miniskirt, most significantly the London-based designer Mary Quant and the Parisian André Courrèges . Although Quant reportedly named the skirt after her favourite make of car, the Mini , [23] [24] there is no consensus as to who designed it first. Valerie Steele has noted that the claim that Quant was first is more convincingly supported by evidence than the equivalent Courrèges claim. [25] However, the contemporary fashion journalist Marit Allen , who edited the influential "Young Ideas" pages for UK Vogue , firmly stated that the British designer John Bates was the first to offer fashionable miniskirts. [26] Other designers, including Pierre Cardin and Yves Saint Laurent , had also been raising hemlines at the same time. [27]

The miniskirt is one of the garments most widely associated with Mary Quant. [28] Quant herself is ambivalent about the claim that she invented the miniskirt, stating that her customers should take credit, as she herself wore very short skirts, and they requested even shorter hemlines for themselves. [29] Regardless of whether or not Quant invented the miniskirt, it is widely agreed that she was one of its highest-profile champions. [25] [27] [30] Contrary to obvious and popular belief, Quant named the garment after the Mini Cooper , a favorite car of hers, stating that the car and the skirt were both "optimistic, exuberant, young, flirty", and complemented each other. [23] [31]

Quant had started experimenting with shorter skirts in the late 1950s, when she started making her own designs up to stock her boutique on the King's Road. [29] Among her inspirations was the memory of seeing a young tap-dancer wearing a "tiny skirt over thick black tights", influencing her designs for young, active women who did not wish to resemble their mothers. [23] [29] In addition to the miniskirt, Quant is often credited with inventing the coloured
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_LYucsJPsk
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniskirt
Mouth Tongue Fetish
Best Brazilian Dating Apps
Dirty Feet Lick Lesbian
Mini Skirts Try On Haul - YouTube
Miniskirt - Wikipedia
Amazon.com: Mini Skirts
Shortest Mini Skirts Ever - Dress Ala
14 Best Micro Mini Skirts: Micro Mini Skirt Trend 2021
Mini Skirts | Cheap Price
Mini skirt - YouTube
Mini Skirts for Women - Macy's
Mini Skirts and Bodysuits Try On Haul — Видео | ВКонтакте
Amazon.in: Mini - Skirts / Skirts & Shorts: Clothing ...
Mini Skirt