Masywne cycole

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the Nepal earthquake that took place on 25 April 2015. For the major aftershock on 12 May 2015, see May 2015 Nepal earthquake .
Damaged homes in Kathmandu after the April mainshock.

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k "M7.8 – 36 km E of Khudi, Nepal" . United States Geological Survey.

^ Ömer Aydan; Resat Ulusay. "A quick report on the 2015 Ghorka, Nepal earthquake and its geo engineering aspects" . citeseerx.ist.psu.edu . Ankara, Turkey . CiteSeerX 10.1.1.733.9209 .

^ Jean-Philippe Avouac; Ratna mani Gupta; Diego Melgar; Thakur Prasad Kandel (2015). "Slip pulse and resonance of Kathmandu basin during the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal imaged with geodesy" . Science . 349 (6252): 1091–1095. doi : 10.1126/science.aac6383 . PMID 26249228 . S2CID 16661860 .

^ Jump up to: a b Takai, Nobuo (26 January 2016). "Strong ground motion in the Kathmandu Valley during the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake. Earth Planets Space 68, 10 (2016)" . Earth, Planets and Space . Takai, N., Shigefuji, M., Rajaure, S. et al. 68 (1): 10. doi : 10.1186/s40623-016-0383-7 . S2CID 41484836 . Retrieved 3 November 2021 .

^ "M6.6 – 44km E of Lamjung, Nepal" .

^ Jump up to: a b "M6.7 – 21km SSE of Kodari, Nepal" . usgs.gov .

^ Jump up to: a b c "Aftershocks of Gorkha Earthquake" . National Seismological Centre, Nepal.

^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Incident Report of Earthquake 2015" . Nepal Disaster Risk Reduction Portal . drrportal.gov.np . Retrieved 28 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal earthquake death toll rises to 8,413" . The Times of India . 7 May 2015 . Retrieved 9 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal Says Earthquake Rebuilding Cost to Exceed $10 Billion" . Bloomberg.com . 28 April 2015 . Retrieved 22 May 2017 – via www.bloomberg.com.

^ Chidanand Rajghatta (26 April 2015). "Is this the 'Big Himalayan Quake' we feared?" . The Times of India . Retrieved 26 April 2015 .

^ 2015年4月25日尼泊尔8.1级地震情况通报 (in Chinese (China)). China Earthquake Networks Center. 25 April 2015. Archived from the original on 4 May 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ Sugden, Joanna (26 April 2015). "What 1934 Told Nepal to Expect About the Next Big Quake" . The Wall Street Journal .

^ "Timeline: Nepal 2015 to 1934, the worst quake disasters in the last 80 years" . 27 April 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "Nepal earthquake: Eerie reminder of 1934 tragedy" . 25 April 2015.

^ Parajuli, Rishi Ram; Kiyono, Junji (1 January 2015). "Ground Motion Characteristics of the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake, Survey of Damage to Stone Masonry Structures and Structural Field Tests" . Frontiers in Built Environment . 1 : 23. doi : 10.3389/fbuil.2015.00023 .

^ nytimes.com 2015-04-27 katmandu-nepal-fear-loss-and-devastation , The New York Times ; accessed 28 April 2015.

^ "Trapped at 20,000 feet: Many Everest climbers await choppers as supplies run low" . Fox News. Associated Press. 26 April 2015. Archived from the original on 26 April 2015 . Retrieved 26 April 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Shrestha, Sahina (1 May 2015). "Langtang is gone" . Nepali Times . Retrieved 2 May 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b c McCarthy, Julie (30 April 2015). "He Carried His Mom on His Back For 5 Hours En Route To Medical Care" . Montana Public Radio . Retrieved 2 May 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b Kaini, Sudip (29 April 2015). "Great Earthquake wipes out Barpak" . The Kathmandu Post . Archived from the original on 4 May 2015 . Retrieved 2 May 2015 .

^ "Experts had warned for decades that Nepal was vulnerable to a killer quake" . The Washington Post . Retrieved 29 April 2015 .

^ Colin Stark (26 April 2015). "Nepal earthquake: 'A tragedy waiting to happen' - CNN.com" . CNN . Retrieved 29 April 2015 .

^ "Earth Quake-hit Nepal at high risk of landslides in coming weeks" . Free Press Journal .

^ "Earthquake Again in Nepal 12 May 2015" . The Natural Disasters . Archived from the original on 5 May 2015.

^ "Nepal earthquake, magnitude 7.3, strikes near Everest" . BBC News . 12 May 2015.

^ Jump up to: a b Manesh Shrestha (14 May 2015). "Death toll from this week's Nepal earthquake rises above 125" . CNN . Retrieved 14 May 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b Howard, Brian Clark (25 April 2015). "Nepal Earthquake Strikes One of Earth's Most Quake-Prone Areas" . National Geographic . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b "Powerful earthquake hits Nepal" . Al Jazeera . Retrieved 25 April 2015 .

^ "1 Day, Magnitude 2.5+ Worldwide" . Retrieved 25 April 2015 .

^ Joel Achenbach (27 April 2015). "Kathmandu shifts three metres in 30 seconds" . Sydney Morning Herald (Washington Post) . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ Internet Desk (25 April 2015). "Was this the big earthquake that was predicted in the Himalayas?" . The Hindu . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "Experts had warned for decades that Nepal was vulnerable to a killer quake" . The Washington Post . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ Amos, Jonathan (25 April 2015). "Why Nepal is so vulnerable to quakes" . BBC . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ "Why Earthquakes Are Devastating Nepal" . video.nationalgeographic.com . Retrieved 13 May 2015 . [ permanent dead link ]

^ "Geology of Nepal – Himalaya" . n.d . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b "General Geology" . Government of Nepal. 2014 . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ Josh Fischman. "How The Deadly Nepal Earthquake Happened [GRAPHIC]" . scientificamerican.com . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ Mughier J.L.; Huyghe P.; Gajurel A.P.; Upreti B.N. & Jouanne F. (2011). "Seismites in the Kathmandu basin and seismic hazard in central Himalaya" . Tectonophysics . 509 (1–2): 33–49. Bibcode : 2011Tectp.509...33M . doi : 10.1016/j.tecto.2011.05.012 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ L. Bollinger; S. N. Sapkota; P. Tapponnier; Y. Klinger; M. Rizza; J. Van der Woerd; D. R. Tiwari; R. Pandey; A. Bitri; S. Bes de Berc (2014). "Return period of great Himalayan earthquakes in Eastern Nepal: evidence from the Patu and Bardibas strands of the Main Frontal Thrust" (PDF) . Journal of Geophysical Research . 119 (9): 7123–7163. Bibcode : 2014JGRB..119.7123B . doi : 10.1002/2014JB010970 . hdl : 10220/25516 . S2CID 56236286 .

^ "Nepal quake 'followed historic pattern' " . BBC . 27 April 2015.

^ Men, Ke-Pei; Zhao, Kai (2016). "The 2015 Nepal M8.1 earthquake and the prediction for M ≥ 8 earthquakes in West China". Natural Hazards . 82 (3): 1767–77. doi : 10.1007/s11069-016-2268-2 . S2CID 130330089 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d Martin, Stacey S.; Hough, Susan E.; Hung, Charleen (1 November 2015). "Ground Motions from the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake Constrained by a Detailed Assessment of Macroseismic Data". Seismological Research Letters . 86 (6): 1524–1532. doi : 10.1785/0220150138 . hdl : 10356/104422 . ISSN 0895-0695 .

^ "Massive 7.9 Earthquake jolts Bihar, North India and Nepal" . news.biharprabha.com. 25 April 2015 . Retrieved 25 April 2015 .

^ 尼泊尔8.1级地震致中国西藏震感强烈有房屋倒塌 (in Chinese). China News. 25 April 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b Kim Hjelmgaard (26 April 2015). "Nepal hit by major aftershock as search for quake survivors intensifies" . USA Today . Retrieved 26 April 2015 .

^ "Fresh Tremors in North India, Including Delhi, a Day After Nepal Earthquake" . NDTV . 26 April 2015 . Retrieved 26 April 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b "LIVE: Death toll rises to 2200 in Nepal earthquake, India resumes rescue ops" . The Indian Express . 26 April 2015 . Retrieved 26 April 2015 .

^ "Koshi Highway obstructed" . ekantipur.com . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ "IRIS: Special Event: Nepal" . iris.edu .

^ "M7.3 – 18km SE of Kodari, Nepal" . USGS Earthquake Hazards Program.

^ "7.3 Magnitude Earthquake hits North India including Bihar" . news.biharprabha.com. 12 May 2015 . Retrieved 12 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal earthquake, magnitude 7.3, strikes near Everest" . BBC News . 12 May 2015 . Retrieved 12 May 2015 .

^ "M7.3 – 18km SE of Kodari, Nepal" . United States Geological Survey . 12 May 2015 . Retrieved 12 May 2015 .

^ Hough, Susan E.; Martin, Stacey S.; Gahalaut, Vineet; Joshi, Anand; Landes, M.; Bossu, R. (1 December 2016). "A comparison of observed and predicted ground motions from the 2015 MW7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake" . Natural Hazards . 84 (3): 1661–1684. doi : 10.1007/s11069-016-2505-8 . ISSN 0921-030X . S2CID 133079443 .

^ Jump up to: a b Manesh Shrestha; Jethro Mullen; Laura Smith-Spark (15 May 2015). "Nepal's latest earthquake: Death toll climbs above 100" . CNN . Retrieved 15 May 2015 .

^ "Grow Up Together " Nepal Earthquake" . growuptogether.org . Archived from the original on 9 May 2016 . Retrieved 26 April 2016 .

^ "Taplejung landslide death toll reaches 53" . ekantipur.com . Archived from the original on 12 June 2015 . Retrieved 13 June 2015 .

^ "Glacial lake burst triggers floods in Solu" . ekantipur.com . Archived from the original on 12 June 2015 . Retrieved 13 June 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b "National Emergency Operation Centre" . National Emergency Operation Centre (Nepal Govt.) on Twitter (in Nepali). 3 May 2015 . Retrieved 3 May 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b "Quake toll in India now 78" . Zee News . 29 April 2015 . Retrieved 4 May 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b "25 dead, 383 injured in Tibet following Nepal earthquake" . Xinhua. 28 April 2015. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015 . Retrieved 5 May 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b "4 killed, 18 Bangladesh districts affected in earthquake, says govt" . Bdnews24.com . Retrieved 26 April 2015 .

^ "40-indian-nationals-confirmed-dead-in-nepalearthquake-8-are-missing" . Archived from the original on 5 May 2015 . Retrieved 4 May 2015 .

^ Ministère des Affaires étrangères et du Développement international. "Népal – Tremblement de terre – Point de situation (11.05.15)" . France Diplomatie :: Ministère des Affaires étrangères et du Développement international .

^ "España concluye el rescate en Nepal al dar por muertos a los desaparecidos" . El País (in Spanish). 9 May 2015 . Retrieved 12 May 2015 .

^ "Families now convinced 2 Seattle teens died in Nepal quake" . KOMO News . Associated Press . 14 May 2015 . Retrieved 15 May 2015 .

^ David Hench (9 June 2015). "Family of Augusta woman acknowledges her death in Nepal earthquake" . Portland Press Herald .

^ "Foreigner victims Detail of Earthquake" (PDF) . Nepal Police . Retrieved 3 May 2015 .

^ "Fünftes deutsches Erdbeben-Opfer entdeckt" . n24.de. 13 May 2015 . Retrieved 14 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal earthquake: International aid effort increased" . BBC News . 27 April 2015 . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ "terremoto Nepal" . Emergenza24 . 27 April 2015 . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ "St. Albert couple confirmed dead following Nepal earthquake" . CTV Edmonton . 2 May 2015 . Retrieved 2 May 2015 .

^ "Russian Diplomats Missing in Nepal Found Dead" . The Moscow Times . 8 May 2015 . Retrieved 8 May 2015 .

^ "Kashmiri-origin mountaineer Renu Fotedar dies in Everest avalanche" . Hindustan Times . 28 April 2015 . Retrieved 2 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal earthquake: Melbourne woman Renu Fotedar killed" . The Sydney Morning Herald . 27 April 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^
"Teadaolevalt on Nepali maavärinas hukkunud üks Eesti kodanik" [One Estonian citizen is known to have died in the Nepal earthquake]. Postimees (in Estonian). 26 April 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .
"Earthquake claims life of one Estonian" . Postimees . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "Hong Kong resident confirmed dead in Nepal earthquake as 15 more remain missing" . SCMP. 28 April 2015 . Retrieved 29 April 2015 .

^
"Rescue team: Body of missing Israeli found in Nepal" [Emergency relief group says 22-year-old Or Asraf's body was located and identified]. The Times of Israel . 3 May 2015 . Retrieved 3 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal earthquake death toll expected to rise sharply – live updates" . The Guardian . 27 April 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ Desiree Tresa Gasper (8 May 2015). "Body confirmed to be Malaysian in Nepal earthquake" . The Star / Asia News Network . AsiaOne . Archived from the original on 18 May 2015 . Retrieved 8 May 2015 .

^ Andrea Vance; Rosanna Price (28 April 2015). "One Kiwi dead after Nepal earthquake" . Stuff.co.nz . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "Nepal earthquake: British gap year student confirmed dead" . BBC News . 9 May 2015 . Retrieved 10 May 2015 .

^ Jason Burke; Ishwar Rauniyar in Kathmandu (1 May 2015). "Nepal earthquake death toll exceeds 6,000 with thousands unaccounted for | World news" . The Guardian . Retrieved 3 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal Disaster Risk Reduction Portal" . 29 June 2015. Archived from the original on 29 June 2015 . Retrieved 22 May 2017 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link )

^ The Latest on Nepal: In Ravaged Hamlets, Lives Were Spared , U.S. News and World Reports , 29 April 2015

^ Wyss, M. (2005), Human losses expected in Himalayan earthquakes Nat. Hazards, 34, 305–314.

^ Baral, Sushil; Gajurel, Subash; Giri, Santosh; Paci-Green, Rebekah; Pandey, Bishnu; Petal, Marla; Rajbanshi, Samedha; Shoaf, Kimberly (2015). "Causes of deaths and injuries in the 2015 Gorkha (Nepal) Earthquake" (PDF) . Save the Children . Retrieved 15 November 2021 .

^ Hayes, G. P., et al. (2015), Rapid characterization of the 2015 MW 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake sequence and its seismotectonic context, Seismol. Res. Lett., 86(6), 1557–1567.

^ Martin, S. S., S. E. Hough, and C. Hung (2015), Ground motions from the 2015 M7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake constrained by a detailed assessment of macroseismic data, Seismol. Res. Lett., 86(6), 1524–1532.

^ Wyss, M. (2017). Four loss estimates for the Gorkha M7.8 earthquake, 25 April 2015, before and after it occurred, Natural Hazards, Special Issue, doi:10.1007/s11069-016-2648-7.

^ Jump up to: a b "Everest's avalanche, through the climbers' eyes" . The Washington Post . 2 May 2015 . Retrieved 4 May 2015 .

^ "89 foreigners missing after earthquake in Nepal" . aswani. 23 May 2015.

^ Daigle, Katy (28 April 2015). "250 people feared missing after mudslide in Nepal village" . Daily News . Retrieved 1 May 2015 .

^ Dave (29 April 2015). "Landslides in Langtang during and after the Nepal earthquake" . AGU Blogosphere . AGU Blogosphere . Retrieved 1 May 2015 .

^ "British archeologist 'terrified' after narrowly escaping death in Nepalese earthquake" . Archived from the original on 12 January 2022 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "Landslides in Langtang during and after the Nepal earthquake" . Rappler.com . Agence France-Presse. 29 April 2015 . Retrieved 1 May 2015 .

^ Shashank Bengali and Bhrikuti Rai (4 May 2015). "Nepal quake: 52 bodies found in remote valley where trekkers missing" . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 4 May 2015 .

^ Parker, R. N.; Hancox, G. T.; Petley, D. N.; Massey, C. I.; Densmore, A. L.; Rosser, N. J. (20 October 2015). "Spatial distributions of earthquake-induced landslides and hillslope preconditioning in the northwest South Island, New Zealand" . Earth Surface Dynamics . 3 (4): 501–525. Bibcode : 2015ESuD....3..501P . doi : 10.5194/esurf-3-501-2015 . ISSN 2196-6311 .

^ Qiu, Jane (28 April 2016). "Killer landslides: The lasting legacy of Nepal's quake" . Nature . 532 (7600): 428–431. Bibcode : 2016Natur.532..428Q . doi : 10.1038/532428a . PMID 27121822 .

^ "Kathmandu airport shut, flights to resume from Sunday" . ABP Live. 25 April 2015 . Retrieved 26 April 2015 .

^ "Quake agony revealed quietly on trip from Nepal airport" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 4 May 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "Kathmandu shuts airport to big jets" . Irish Examiner . 3 May 2015 . Retrieved 4 May 2015 .

^ "In earthquake's deadly aftermath, Nepalis grieve the loss of their sacred landmarks" . The Washington Post . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "Relief for tourists after Pokhara flights resume" . The Myanmar Times . 29 April 2015.

^ "Nepal Quake Collapses Churches on Worshippers During Service; Bodies Still Not Recovered" . Christianpost.com. May 2015 . Retrieved 3 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal Earthquake Collapses Churches during Weekly Worship Services" . ChristianityToday.com . Retrieved 3 May 2015 .

^ Goyette, Braden (25 April 2015). "Historic Tower Collapses in Nepal Earthquake" . The Huffington Post . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ Deepak Nagpal (25 April 2015). "LIVE: Two major quakes rattle Nepal; historic Dharahara Tower collapses, deaths reported in India" . Zee News . Retrieved 25 April 2015 .

^ "Historic Dharahara tower collapses in Kathmandu after earthquake" . 25 April 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "180 bodies retrieved from debris of Nepal's historic tower" . The Times of India . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "Earthquake in Nepal 2015" . The Natural Disasters . Archived from the original on 5 May 2015.

^ Before and After the Earthquake in Nepal (photographs) , The New York Times , 25 April 2015; accessed 4 May 2015.

^ Jump up to: a b c "Historical monuments lost forever" . The Nation . 26 April 2015 . Retrieved 28 April 2015 .

^ "In Nepal, senior UN official warns 'clock is ticking' for earthquake relief efforts" . The United Nations News Centre . 4 May 2015 . Retrieved 4 May 2015 .

^ "Nepal Economy Devastated Following Earthquake" . PrimePair . Archived from the original on 18 May 2015 . Retrieved 27 April 2015 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d "Nepal's Slowing Economy Set for Freefall Without Global Help" . Bloomberg.com . Bloomberg Business. 26 April 2015 . Retrieved 26 April 2015 .

^ "The Latest on Nepal Quake: Aid arriving as deaths top 4,000" . The New Indian Express . Retrieved 4 May 2015 .

^ Burke, Jason (5 May 2015). "Nepal quake survivors face threat from human traffickers supplying sex trade" . The Guardian . Retrieved 7 May 2015 .

^ "Migrant Workers and their Families" . United Nation Nepal Information Platform . Archived from the original on 8 May 2015 . Retrieved 7 May 2015 .

^ "FALSE PROMISES: 12 000 NEPALESE GIRLS ARE TRAFFICKED FOR SEX WORK EVERY YEAR" . People in Need . Retrieved 28 July 2017 .

^ "Women have little access to relief: Report" . Retrieved 22 May 2017 .

^ Jump up to: a b http://www.ekantipur.com/2015/07/30/national/malnutrition-stalks-quake-hit-kids/408642.html Archived 2 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine The Kathmandu Post: Malnutrition stalks quake-hit kids

^ http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-10-01/infectious-mites-found-in-70-pc-of-mice-samples.html Kathmandu Post "Infectious mites found in 70 pc of mice samples"

^ "The Nepal earthquakes have unleashed a mental health disaster" . TheGuardian.com . 15 May 2015.

^ Deadly earthquake: Death-toll reaches 4400 . Archived 1 May
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