Masochistic Slave

Masochistic Slave

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Mental Health

Addiction

Anxiety

ADHD

Asperger's

Autism

Bipolar Disorder

Chronic Pain

Depression

Eating Disorders

Personality

Passive Aggression

Personality

Shyness

Personal Growth

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Low Sexual Desire

Relationships

Sex

Family Life

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Parenting

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Trending Topics

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Neuroscience

We all harbor secrets. Some are big and bad; some are small and trivial. Researchers have parsed which truths to tell and which not to.

Posted March 16, 2014

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Reviewed by Abigail Fagan

Masochism was the term initially used by the famed Austrian psychiatrist Richard Von Krafft-Ebing, author of the classic text, Psychopathia Sexualis (1931). Krafft-Ebing named masochism after the Austrian writer Leopold Von Sacher-Masoch, whose books often carried a masochistic theme.
Sacher-Masoch also practiced what he preached. He was attracted to dominant women in furs as depicted in his book, Venus in Furs (1869). Apparently, the writer pressured his first wife Aurora Von Rümelin to live out the experiences of his book which she did, but with reservations. Following his death, she wrote about her experiences in her memoir, My Life Confession ( Mein Lebensbeichte ) (1906).
Bored with marriage , Sacher-Masoch also had mistresses who engaged in his sexual fantasies . For example, he signed a contract with Baroness Fanny Pistor to make him her slave for six months provided she wear furs as often as possible, particularly when she was in a vile mood.
According to the DSM-V (2013), the focus of sexual masochism involves the act of experiencing—over a period of at least six months—sexual arousal from being humiliated, beaten, bound, or made to suffer in some way. To be considered problematic, the fantasies, urges, or behaviors must cause significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas.
Some scholars differentiate between sexual masochism and moral masochism— moral masochism has more to do with self- punishment for bad behavior; sexual masochism—which this article is primarily concerned with—has to do with sexual arousal leading to sexual satisfaction (Kernberg, 1991; Maleson, 1984).
Sexual masochistic behaviors vary depending on an individual’s preference. For example, some masochists like to be tied up and flogged (BDSM); others prefer to be verbally humiliated only; and some are aroused by more severe or dangerous forms of masochism such as asphyxiation, to name a few. Nevertheless, there are many fallacies about masochism which the following list may help to dispel:
Most scholars break the origin of masochism down into two general orientations: individual pathology (mental illness or congenital defects) and with reference to cultural and social context ( gender inequities and self-awareness). Those who practice S&M tend to view it as a mutually sensual and pleasurable role-play related to power and powerlessness (Cross & Matheson, 2006). Here are a few of the theories from the professional literature:
Baumeister & Butler (1977) found that masochism as a concept has always intrigued clinicians because of its paradoxical nature: How can the experience of pain, loss of control, and humiliation—the key ingredients of masochism—produce or enhance any pleasure, sexual or otherwise?
Now it’s intriguing more and more of the general population. Why did the book, Fifty Shades of Grey (2012) create such a stir? Like Sacher-Masoch, are people bored with their sex lives? Are our Victorian roots fraying? Is there a correlation with our addiction to reality television in that we seem to constantly seek greater levels of stimulation?
Some newcomers to sexual masochism may not be true masochists. But I do think many are dissatisfied with their sex lives and are looking for a jump start to a more adventurous, fulfilling one. Sexual masochism has been found to be compatible with otherwise normal, healthy individuals (Baumeister & Butler, 1997). Cross and Matheson (2006) suggested it may in fact be simply a power game of the sexually sophisticated.
So, is it really appropriate to label it a mental illness? It should certainly be considered problematic if it becomes addictive and interferes with our general level of functioning, or if it is practiced to its dangerous extreme. But then again, it has been proven over and over that anything taken to its addictive extreme can do harm… even exercise.
Stephen J. Betchen, D.S.W. , is the author of the book Magnetic Partners .

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We all harbor secrets. Some are big and bad; some are small and trivial. Researchers have parsed which truths to tell and which not to.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"S&M" and "Masochism" redirect here. For other uses, see S&M (disambiguation) and Masochism (disambiguation) .
Giving or receiving of pleasure from acts involving the receipt or infliction of pain or humiliation
This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. ( August 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )
This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Sadomasochism" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( August 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )
A male dominant whips a woman, from Nights of Horror (1950s) by Joe Shuster , co-creator of Superman
A female dominant with a male submissive at her feet, from Dresseuses d'Hommes (1931) by the Belgian artist Luc Lafnet [ nl ]
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^ Jump up to: a b Wells, John (3 April 2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Murray, Thomas Edward; Murrell, Thomas R. (1989). The Language of Sadomasochism: A Glossary and Linguistic Analysis . Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-0-313-26481-8 .

^ Aron, Lewis; Starr, Karen (2013). A Psychotherapy for the People: Toward a Progressive Psychoanalysis . New York: Routledge. p. 39. ISBN 9780415529983 .

^ Jump up to: a b Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (PDF) (4 ed.). Washington D.C.: American Psychiatric Association. 1994. p. 525. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2011. A Paraphilia must be distinguished from the nonpathological use of sexual fantasies, behaviors, or objects as a stimulus for sexual excitement in individuals without a paraphilia. Fantasies, behaviors, or objects are paraphiliac only when they lead to clinically significant distress or impairment (e.g., are obligatory, result in sexual dysfunction, require participation of nonconsenting individuals, lead to legal complications, interfere with social relationships).

^ Fedoroff 2008 , p. 637:"Sexual arousal from consensual interactions that include domination should be distinguished from nonconsensual sex acts."

^ Neuwirth, Rostam J. (2018). Law in the Time of Oxymora: A Synaesthesia of Language, Logic and Law . Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-17018-5 .

^ Hyde, J. S., & DeLamater, J. D. (1999). Understanding human sexuality. McGraw-Hill, Inc. 432-435

^ Details describing the development of the theoretical construct "Perversion" by Krafft-Ebing and his relation of these terms. (See Andrea Beckmann, Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture , 8(2) (2001) 66-95 online under Deconstructing Myths

^ Isidor Isaak Sadger: Über den sado-masochistischen Komplex. in: Jahrbuch für psychoanalytische und psychopathologische Forschungen, Bd. 5, 1913, S. 157–232 (German)

^ Krueger & Kaplan 2001, p. 393

^ Byrne, Romana (2013) Aesthetic Sexuality: A Literary History of Sadomasochism , New York: Bloomsbury, pp. 1–4.

^ Rathbone, June (6 December 2012). Anatomy of Masochism . Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4615-1347-6 .

^ Murray, Thomas Edward; Murrell, Thomas R. (1989). The Language of Sadomasochism: A Glossary and Linguistic Analysis . Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing. p. 18. ISBN 0-313-26481-3 .

^ von Krafft-Ebing, Richard (1886). "Masochis" . Psychopathia Sexualis . p. 131. [The masochist] is controlled by the idea of being completely and unconditionally subject to the will of a person of the opposite sex; of being treated by this person as by a master, humiliated and abused. This idea is coloured by lustful feeling; the masochist lives in fancies, in which he creates situations of this kind and often attempts to realise them

^ Deleuze, Gilles (1997) [1967]. "Chapter 3, Are Sade and Masoch Complementary?". Coldness and Cruelty . Zone Books. ISBN 0-942299-55-8 . We are told [by Freud] that some individuals experience pleasure both in inflicting pain and in suffering it. We are told furthermore that the person who enjoys inflicting pain experiences in his innermost being the link that exists between the pleasure and the pain. But the question is whether these 'facts' are not mere abstractions, whether the pleasure-pain link is being abstracted from the concrete formal conditions in which it arises. [...] Even though the sadist may definitely enjoy being hurt, it does not follow that he enjoys it in the same way as the masochist; [...] The concurrence of sadism and masochism is fundamentally one of analogy only [...]

^ Moore, Alison (2009). "Rethinking Gendered Perversion and Degeneration in Visions of Sadism and Masochism, 1886-1930" . Journal of the History of Sexuality . 18 (1): 138–157. doi : 10.1353/sex.0.0034 . JSTOR 20542722 . PMID 19274884 . S2CID 32855635 . Retrieved 25 April 2021 . For Krafft-Ebing women’s organic masochism (and the advantage men may take of it) was one of the things that the civilizing process was seen to curtail. [...] women’s subordination was equated with their organic masochism.

^ Ellis, Havelock. Stidies in the Psychology of Sex: Analysis of the Sexual Impulse; Love and Pain; The Sexual Impulse in Women . Vol. 3. Project Gutenberg. p. 150 . Retrieved 25 April 2021 .

^ Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness

^ Interview with Dr. Joseph Merlino , David Shankbone, Wikinews , October 5, 2007.

^ Fedoroff 2008 , p. 640: "...surveys have found no difference in frequency of sadistic fantasies in men and women."

^ Fedoroff 2008 , p. 644: "This review indicates that sexual sadism, as currently defined, is a heterogeneous phenomenon."

^ Krueger, Richard B. (8 December 2009). "The DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Sexual Sadism" (PDF) . Archives of Sexual Behavior . 39 (2): 325–345. doi : 10.1007/s10508-009-9586-3 . ISSN 0004-0002 . PMID 19997774 . S2CID 11495623 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2015.

^ Krueger, Richard B. (10 March 2010). "The DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Sexual Masochism" (PDF) . Archives of Sexual Behavior . 39 (2): 346–356. doi : 10.1007/s10508-010-9613-4 . ISSN 0004-0002 . PMID 20221792 . S2CID 17284505 .

^ Krueger & Kaplan 2001 , p. 393: "as with many of the paraphilic disorders, these disorders represent a spectrum between sexual behavior that is socially acceptable and nonpathological and behavior that becomes pathological when an individual begins to suffer subjective distress or an impairment in functioning..."

^ Jump up to: a b c Reed, Geoffrey M.; Drescher, Jack; Krueger, Richard B.; Atalla, Elham; Cochran, Susan D.; First, Michael B.; Cohen‐Kettenis, Peggy T.; Arango‐de Montis, Iván; Parish, Sharon J. (October 2016). "Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD‐11: revising the ICD‐10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations" . World Psychiatry . 15 (3): 205–221. doi : 10.1002/wps.20354 . ISSN 1723-8617 . PMC 5032510 . PMID 27717275 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Krueger, Richard B.; Reed, Geoffrey M.; First, Michael B.; Marais, Adele; Kismodi, Eszter; Briken, Peer (2017). "Proposals for Paraphilic Disorders in the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Eleventh Revision (ICD-11)" . Archives of Sexual Behavior . 46 (5): 1529–1545. doi : 10.1007/s10508-017-0944-2 . ISSN 0004-0002 . PMC 5487931 . PMID 28210933 .

^ Giami, Alain (2 May 2015). "Between DSM and ICD: Paraphilias and the Transformation of Sexual Norms". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 44 (5): 1127–1138. doi : 10.1007/s10508-015-0549-6 . ISSN 0004-0002 . PMID 25933671 . S2CID 21614140 .

^ Reiersøl, O.; Skeid, S (2006). "The ICD diagnoses of fetishism and sadomasochism". Journal of Homosexuality . 50 (2–3): 243–62. doi : 10.1300/J082v50n02_12 . PMID 16803767 . S2CID 7120928 .

^ "ICD Revision White Paper" . Revise F65 . 24 September 2009 . Retrieved 28 December 2018 .

^ "The ICD-11 Revision: Scientific and political support for the Revise F65 reform Second report to the World Health Organization" . Revise F65 . 11 November 2011 . Retrieved 28 December 2018 .

^ "Fetish and SM diagnoses deleted in Sweden" . ReviseF65. 17 November 2008. Archived from the original on 27 December 2009 . Retrieved 4 March 2010 .

^ "SM and fetish off the Norwegian sick list" . ReviseF65. 6 February 2010. Archived from the original on 6 February 2010 . Retrieved 4 March 2010 .

^ "Finland joins Nordic sexual reform" . ReviseF65. 13 May 2011. Archived from the original on 21 June 2011 . Retrieved 7 June 2011 .

^ "Iceland removes Sadomasochism as a diagnosis" . Revise F65 . 17 November 2018 . Retrieved 26 December 2018 .

^ Jump up to: a b Cochran, Susan D; Drescher, Jack; Kismödi, Eszter; Giami, Alain; García-Moreno, Claudia; Atalla, Elham; Marais, Adele; Vieira, Elisabeth Meloni; Reed, Geoffrey M (17 June 2014). "Proposed declassification of disease categories related to sexual orientation in theInternational Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems(ICD-11)" . Bulletin of the World Health Organization . 92 (9): 672–679. doi : 10.2471/blt.14.135541 . ISSN 0042-9686 . PMC 4208576 . PMID 25378758 .

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