Marjorie Cameron Nude
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Marjorie Cameron Nude
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^ Carter 2004 , p. 220.
^ Carter 2004 , p. 131; Duncan 2008 ; Kaczynski 2010 , p. 538; Kansa 2011 , p. 9; Laden 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 131; Kaczynski 2010 , p. 538; Kansa 2011 , pp. 9–11.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 11–12.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 12, 15.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 13–14.
^ Jump up to: a b c Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 17.
^ Jump up to: a b Kansa 2011 , p. 18.
^ Carter 2004 , p. 131; Kaczynski 2010 , p. 538; Kansa 2011 , pp. 18–22; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 22–23.
^ Duncan 2008 ; Kaczynski 2010 , p. 538; Kansa 2011 , p. 24.
^ Carter 2004 , p. 131; Duncan 2008 ; Kaczynski 2010 , p. 538; Kansa 2011 , p. 27; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 130; Kansa 2011 , pp. 28–29; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 130; Pendle 2005 , pp. 259–260; Kansa 2011 , pp. 35–37; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Pendle 2005 , pp. 263–264; Kansa 2011 , p. 29; Laden 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 151; Kansa 2011 , pp. 37–38.
^ Pendle 2005 , pp. 267–269; Kansa 2011 , pp. 38–39.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 39.
^ Starr 2003 , p. 320; Carter 2004 , p. 158; Pendle 2005 , pp. 275, 277; Kansa 2011 , p. 39; Laden 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 130; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , pp. 39–41.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 43–45.
^ Jump up to: a b Kansa 2011 , pp. 48–49.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 48.
^ Pendle 2005 , p. 288; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , pp. 51–53; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Pendle 2005 , pp. 294, 297; Kansa 2011 , p. 57.
^ Pendle 2005 , pp. 294–295; Kansa 2011 , pp. 57–63.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 61.
^ Pendle 2005 , pp. 296–297; Kansa 2011 , p. 64.
^ Pendle 2005 , p. 299; Kansa 2011 , p. 65.
^ Carter 2004 , pp. 177–179; Pendle 2005 , pp. 1–6; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , pp. 65–66; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 67–68.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 94.
^ Jump up to: a b Kansa 2011 , p. 74.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 74–75.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 75–77.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 77–79.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 79.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 80–81.
^ Starr 2003 , p. 328; Carter 2004 , p. 184.
^ Starr 2003 , p. 328.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 82; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 85–86.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 67, 97.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 90, 92.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 88–89.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 90–92.
^ Carter 2004 , p. 188; Kansa 2011 , pp. 82–84; Nelson 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 92, 94.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Kansa 2011 , p. 253.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 97–98.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 100.
^ Landis 1995 , pp. 74–76; Carter 2004 , p. 190; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , pp. 104–106; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 114–115.
^ Carter 2004 , p. 190; Kansa 2011 , pp. 118–121; Nelson 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 190; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , pp. 126, 130; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 47; Laden 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 191; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , pp. 135–139; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 131.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 140–141.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 121–122.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 141; Fredman 2010 , p. 1.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 144; Nelson 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 143, 150.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 152–154, 157; Nelson 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 157–158.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 173–174; Laden 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 191; Kansa 2011 , pp. 174–171; Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 207.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 174.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 177.
^ Landis 1995 , pp. 100–101; Kansa 2011 , pp. 183–187.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 190.
^ Landis 1995 , p. 81.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 191–192.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 193–194.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 214.
^ Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , p. 215; Laden 2014 .
^ Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , pp. 217–218; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 226–227.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 227.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 223–224; Nelson 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 227; Nelson 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 238; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 244.
^ Jump up to: a b Kansa 2011 , pp. 233–234.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 236; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 241.
^ Jump up to: a b c Kansa 2011 , p. 247.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 242.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 239.
^ Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , p. 249; Nelson 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 195; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , p. 249; Laden 2014 .
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 250, 253.
^ Carter 2004 , p. 195; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , p. 252; Laden 2014 .
^ Jump up to: a b Lunenfeld 2015 , p. 91.
^ Starr 2003 , p. 320.
^ Jump up to: a b c Blanks 2013 , p. 246.
^ Jump up to: a b Kansa 2011 , p. 141.
^ Landis 1995 , p. 72.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 178.
^ Stevens 2011 , p. 25.
^ Laden 2014 ; Martinez 2015 .
^ Jump up to: a b Frank 2014 .
^ Jump up to: a b c Lunenfeld 2015 , p. 92.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 137.
^ Kansa 2011 , pp. 136, 137.
^ Duncan 2008 .
^ Jump up to: a b Kansa 2011 , p. 143.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 255; Laden 2014 .
^ Carter 2004 , p. 195; Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , p. 255.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 256.
^ Duncan 2008 ; Kansa 2011 , pp. 257–258; Laden 2014 .
^ Nelson 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Frank 2014 ; Laden 2014 .
^ Yaeger 2015 ; Chidester 2015 ; Martinez 2015 .
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 255.
^ Kansa 2011 , p. 257.
^ Stevens 2011 , p. 24; Blanks 2013 , p. 246.
^ Jump up to: a b Nelson 2014 .
^ Jump up to: a b Stevens 2011 , p. 24.
Blanks, Tim (March 2013). "Witch's Crew" (PDF) . W Magazine . pp. 244–245.
Carter, John (2004). Sex and Rockets: The Occult World of Jack Parsons (new ed.). Port Townsend: Feral House. ISBN 978-0-922915-97-2 .
Chidester, Brian (September 8, 2015). "Cameron: Cinderella of the Wastelands" . The Village Voice . Retrieved April 12, 2016 .
Duncan, Michael (2008). "Cameron" . Cameron Parsons Foundation . Archived from the original on June 5, 2008 . Retrieved April 12, 2016 .
Frank, Priscilla (August 8, 2014). "Meet Cameron, The Countercultural Icon Who Bewitched Los Angeles" . The Huffington Post . Retrieved April 12, 2016 .
Fredman, Stephen (2010). Contextual Practice: Assemblage and the Erotic in Postwar Poetry and Art . Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-804763-58-5 .
Kaczynski, Richard (2010). Perdurabo: The Life of Aleister Crowley (second ed.). Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books. ISBN 978-0-312-25243-4 .
Kansa, Spencer (2011). Wormwood Star: The Magickal Life of Marjorie Cameron . Oxford: Mandrake. ISBN 978-1-906958-08-4 .
Laden, Tanja M. (October 8, 2014). "Cameron's Connections to Scientology and Powerful Men Once Drew Headlines, But Now Her Art Is Getting Its Due" . LA Weekly . Archived from the original on February 19, 2015.
Landis, Bill (1995). Anger: The Unauthorized Biography of Kenneth Anger . New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-016700-4 .
Lunenfeld, Peter (January 2015). "Cameron: The Season of the Witch" (PDF) . Artforum : 91–92.
Martinez, Alanna (October 2, 2015). "Deitch Projects Presents the Uncensored Story of LA Artist/Occultist Marjorie Cameron" . Observer . Retrieved April 12, 2016 .
Nelson, Steffie (October 8, 2014). "Cameron, Witch of the Art World" . Los Angeles Review of Books . Archived from the original on April 14, 2015.
Pendle, George (2005). Strange Angel: The Otherworldly Life of Rocket Scientist John Whiteside Parsons . London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-0-7538-2065-0 .
Starr, Martin P. (2003). The Unknown God: W.T. Smith and the Thelemites . Bollingbrook: Teitan Press. ISBN 978-0-933429-07-9 .
Stevens, Matthew Levi (August 2011). "Interview with Spencer Kansa". The Cauldron . 141 : 24–27. ISSN 0964-5594 .
Yaeger, Lynn (September 10, 2015). "The Cameron Retrospective Might Be the Most Stunning Show This Fall" . Vogue . Archived from the original on January 26, 2016 . Retrieved April 12, 2016 .
Marjorie Cameron Parsons Kimmel (April 23, 1922 – June 24, 1995), who professionally used the mononym Cameron , was an American artist, poet, actress and occultist . A follower of Thelema , the new religious movement established by the English occultist Aleister Crowley , she was married to rocket pioneer and fellow Thelemite Jack Parsons .
Born in Belle Plaine, Iowa , Cameron volunteered for service in the United States Navy during the Second World War , after which she settled in Pasadena, California . There she met Parsons, who believed her to be the "elemental" woman that he had invoked in the early stages of a series of sex magic rituals called the Babalon Working . They entered into a relationship and were married in 1946. Their relationship was often strained, although Parsons sparked her involvement in Thelema and occultism. After Parsons' death in an explosion at their home in 1952, Cameron came to suspect that her husband had been assassinated and began rituals to communicate with his spirit. Moving to Beaumont , she established a multi-racial occult group called The Children, which dedicated itself to sex magic rituals with the intent of producing mixed-race "moon children" who would be devoted to the god Horus . The group soon dissolved, largely because many of its members became concerned by Cameron's increasingly apocalyptic predictions.
Returning to Los Angeles , Cameron befriended the socialite Samson De Brier and established herself within the city's avant-garde artistic community. Among her friends were the filmmakers Curtis Harrington and Kenneth Anger . She appeared in two of Harrington's films, The Wormwood Star and Night Tide , as well as in Anger's film Inauguration of the Pleasure Dome . In later years, she made appearances in art-house films created by John Chamberlain and Chick Strand . Rarely remaining in one place for long, during the 1950s and 1960s she lived in Joshua Tree , San Francisco and Santa Fe . In 1955, she gave birth to a daughter, Crystal Eve Kimmel. Although intermittent health problems prevented her from working, her art and poetry resulted in several exhibitions. From the late 1970s until her death from cancer in 1995, Cameron lived in a bungalow in West Hollywood , where she raised her daughter and grandchildren, pursued her interests in esotericism, and produced artwork and poetry.
Cameron's recognition as an artist increased after her death, when her paintings made appearances in exhibitions across the U.S. As a result of increased attention on Parsons, Cameron's life also gained greater coverage in the early 2000s. In 2006, the Cameron–Parsons Foundation was created to preserve and promote her work, and in 2011 a biography of Cameron written by Spencer Kansa was published.
Cameron was born in Belle Plaine, Iowa , on April 23, 1922. [2] Her father, railway worker Hill Leslie Cameron, was the adopted child of a Scots-Irish family; her mother, Carrie Cameron ( née Ridenour), was of Dutch ancestry. [3] She was their first child, and was followed by three siblings: James (b. 1923), Mary (b. 1927), and Robert (b. 1929). [4] They lived on the wealthier north side of town, although life was nevertheless hard due to the Great Depression . [5] Cameron attended Whittier Elementary School and Belle Plaine High School, where she did well at art, English, and drama but failed algebra, Latin, and civics lessons. She also participated in athletics, glee club, and chorus. [6] Relating that one of her childhood friends had committed suicide and that she too had contemplated it, she characterized herself as a rebellious child, claiming that "I became the town pariah ... Nobody would let their kid near me". [7] She had sexual relationships with various men; after Cameron became pregnant, her mother performed an illegal home abortion . [8] In 1940, the Cameron family relocated to Davenport so Hill could work at the Rock Island Arsenal munitions factory. Cameron completed her final year of high school education at Davenport High School . [9] Leaving school, she worked as a display artist in a local department store. [9]
Following the United States' entry into the Second World War , Cameron signed up for the Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service , a part of the United States Navy , in February 1943. Initially sent to a training camp at Iowa State Teachers College in Cedar Falls , she was subsequently posted to Washington, D.C. , where she served as a cartographer for the Joint Chiefs of Staff . In the course of these duties, she met U.K. Prime Minister Winston Churchill in May 1943. [10] She was reassigned to the Naval Photographic Unit in Anacostia , where she worked as a wardrobe mistress for propaganda documentaries, and during this period met various Hollywood stars. [11] When her brother James returned to the U.S. injured from service overseas, she went AWOL and returned to Iowa to see him, as a result of which she was court–martialed and confined to barracks for the rest of the war. [12] For reasons unknown to her, she received an honorable discharge from the military in 1945. To join her family, she traveled to Pasadena, California , where her father and brothers had found work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). [13]
In Pasadena, Cameron ran into a former colleague, who invited her to visit the large American Craftsman -style house where he was currently lodging, 1003 Orange Grove Avenue, also known as "The Parsonage". The house was so-called because its lease was owned by Jack Parsons , a rocket scientist who had been a founding member of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and who was also a devout follower of Thelema , a new religious movement founded by English occultist Aleister Crowley in 1904. Parsons was the head of the Agape Lodge, a branch of the Thelemite Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO). [14] Unbeknownst to Cameron, Parsons had just finished a series of rituals using Enochian magic with his friend and lodger L. Ron Hubbard , all with the intent of attracting an "elemental" woman to be his lover. Upon encountering Cameron with her distinctive red hair and blue eyes, Parsons considered her to be the individual whom he had invoked. [15] After they met at The Parsonage on January 18, 1946, they were instantly attracted to each other and spent the next two weeks in Parsons' bedroom together. Although Cameron was unaware of it, Parsons saw this as a form of sex magic that constituted part of the Babalon Working , a rite to invoke the birth of Thelemite goddess Babalon onto Earth in human form. [16]
During a brief visit to New York City to see a friend, Cameron discovered that she was pregnant and decided to have an abortion. [17] Parsons meanwhile had founded a company with Hubbard and Hubbard's girlfriend Sara Northrup , Allied Enterprises, into which he invested his life savings. It became apparent that Hubbard was a confidence trickster, who tried to flee with Parsons' money, resulting in the end of their friendship. [18] Returning to Pasadena, Cameron consoled Parsons, painting a picture of Northrup with her legs severed below the knee. [19] Parsons decided to sell The Parsonage, which was then demolished for redevelopment, and the couple moved to Manhattan Beach . On October 19, 1946, he and Cameron married at the San Juan Capistrano courthouse in Orange County , in a service witnessed by his best friend Edward Forman. [20] Having an aversion to all religion, Cameron initially took no interest in Parsons' Thelemite beliefs and occult practices, although he maintained that she had an important destiny, giving her the magical name of "Candida", often shortened to "Candy", which became her nickname. [21]
In the winter of 1947, Cameron travelled from New York to Paris aboard the SS America with the intention of studying art at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière , which she hoped would admit her with a letter of recommendation from Pasadena's Art Center School . She also wanted to visit England and meet with Crowley and explain to him Parsons' Babalon Working. Cameron learned upon her arrival in Paris that Crowley had died and that she had not been admitted to the college. She found post-war Paris "extreme and bleak", befriended Juliette Gréco , and spent three weeks in Switzerland before returning home. [22] When Cameron developed catalepsy , Parsons suggested that she read Sylvan Muldoon 's books on astral projection and encouraged her to read James Frazer 's The Golden Bough , Heinrich Zimmer 's The King and the Corpse , and Joseph Campbell 's The Hero with a Thousand Faces . [23] Although she still did not accept Thelema, she became increasingly interested in the occult, and in particular the use of the tarot . [23]
Parsons' and Cameron's relationship was deteriorating and they contemplated divorce. [24] While Cameron visited the artistic commune at San Miguel de Allende in Mexico and befriended the artist Renate Druks , Parsons moved into a house in Redondo Beach and was involved in a brief relationship with an Irishwoman named Gladis Gohan before Cameron returned. [25] By March 1951, Parsons and Cameron had moved to the coach house at 1071 South Orange Grove, while he began work at the Bermite Powder Company, constructing explosives for the film industry. [26] They started holding parties once more that were attended largely by bohemians and members of the beat generation , and Cameron attended the jazz clubs of Central Avenue with her friend, the sculptor Julie Macdonald . [27] Cameron produced illustrations for fashion magazines and sold some of her paintings, including some purchased by a friend, the artist Jirayr Zorthian . [28] Parsons and Cameron had decided to travel to Mexico for a few months. [29] On the day before they planned to leave—June 17, 1952—he received a rush order of explosives for a film set, and began work on the order at his house. [30] In the midst of this project, an explosion destroyed the building, fatally wounding Parsons. He was rushed to hospital, but was declared dead. [31] Cameron did not want to see his body and retreated to San Miguel, asking her friend George Frey to oversee the cremation. [32]
In medical language Cameron is a lunatic. Elementals and forces and ideas like Babalon when uncontrolled are dangerous. She is now uncontrolled because Jack is dead. Her lunatic four or five fold black and white moonchild operations or attempted operations are summarised by AC's [Aleister Crowley's] comment; 'I get fairly frantic when I contemplate the idiocy of these louts.' I would insist on a vow of Holy obedience and forbid all workings. In my opinion the poor girl is too far gone now to stop. You should dissolve and excommunicate her if she does not take and keep the oath ... She will be shut up and rightly so in a lunatic asylum as soon as she comes out in the open.
– Gerald Yorke, writing to Karl Germer [33]
While in Mexico, Cameron began performing blood rituals in the hope of communicating with Parsons' spirit; during these, she cut her own wrists. As part of these rituals, she claimed to have received a new magical identity, Hilarion. [34] When she hea
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