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Tito, 21, started using methamphetamine, called sabu-sabu in Indonesia, to be able to stay awake for many hours. He started using the drug regularly two years ago, because it helped him stay upbeat and not feel tired. Last year, he was arrested at a hotel in central Jakarta, the capital. Tito was beaten by police for hours until he admitted he had 0. His lawyer asked for him to be taken to a rehabilitation center. But prosecutors sought an eight year prison sentence, claiming he was a drug dealer, and the judge sentenced him to two years. Tito is in the Cipinang prison in Jakarta. In September, there were 3, prisoners there — although the capacity is 1, Up to 30 prisoners are held in cells designed for 10 people. Indonesia has one of the strictest anti-drug laws in the world. A person caught with drugs such as marijuana, ecstasy, cocaine or methamphetamine for personal use can be sentenced to up to four years in prison or forced rehabilitation. Parents of underage drug users are obliged to report their children — if they do not, they could face up to six months in prison. Group 1 drugs include marijuana, cocaine, MDMA ecstasy , methamphetamine, heroin and others. If the person has more than 1 kg of marijuana or 5 g of cocaine, for example, they can face life imprisonment. If you are dealing in these volumes, you can be put to death. This happened to two Brazilians in Marco Archer, 53, was executed by firing squad in January of that year. He had been sentenced to death in , after being arrested with 11 kg of cocaine inside hang glider tubes. Rodrigo Muxfeldt Gularte, 42, was executed in April of the same year, after being arrested in for trying to enter the country with 6 kg of cocaine hidden in surfboards. The Indonesian government ignored the fact that Gularte had been diagnosed with schizophrenia, in two separate reports. Lawyer Gunawan assisted in the defence of Gularte. In and , Indonesia executed 18 people for drug-related crimes. LBHM estimates that there are people on death row, of whom were convicted of drug-related crimes. According to lawyer George Havenhand, of Reprieve, those who are users should not be included in articles and of the narcotics law, which provide for between 4 and 12 years in prison. They should be tried under Article , which provides for a maximum sentence of 4 years or rehabilitation. But in practice, the police target users. Rich people are rarely detained, says Octavian. The result of this draconian policy is prison overcrowding. Indonesian prisons have the capacity to house around , prisoners, but currently hold more than twice as many people. In , there were about 53, detainees in Indonesian prisons. Although the legislation provides for the possibility for the user to go to a rehabilitation centre, this rarely happens. Professor Asmin Fransiska, from the Indonesian university Atma Jaya, points out that there are perverse incentives for incarceration. The spread of HIV is another side effect of criminalisation. Indonesia has one of the highest HIV rates in the region, concentrated among injecting drug users. The war on drugs stigmatises them and creates obstacles to access to treatment and harm reduction, such as the distribution of syringes or methadone, for example. Users fear being arrested for seeking these services. Only a small minority receive treatment. Most of the centres provide for compulsory hospitalisation of three to six months and require complete abstinence, often without palliative care for the effects of the absence of the drug. The figures were from a study by the state anti-drug agency, BNN, and were criticised by experts. Among the errors was the classification of everyone who claimed to have tried drugs as users, for example. Experts are not optimistic about the possibility of reforming drug policy in the short or medium term. The narcotics law is on the agenda for legislation to be discussed by , alongside 40 others. There will be an urgent need for reform only when overcrowding in the prison system leads to massive drug trafficking in prisons or riots. After assuming his first term in , Widodo faced a turbulent first hundred days, with criticism of ministers and popular discontent with the price of fuel. The drug war was a way of showing himself to be a strong, nationalist leader and regaining power. Hatred of traffickers and drugs finds widespread support in society, although there is no research quantifying approval. The Indonesian leader warned that he would be relentless with drug dealers and would not pardon death row inmates. In his first term, he authorised the execution of 18 by firing squad. Since that time, and even more since , the most conservative wing of Islamists has started to pressure Widodo and question his religiousness. The emergence of the alleged drug epidemic is one of the few issues that can galvanise conservative and moderate Islamists. President Jokowi uses these devices without any shame. Widodo admitted to having been inspired by the Filipino leader Rodrigo Duterte , whose war on drugs has resulted in more than 25, deaths, international condemnation and popularity among sections of the population. In , 16 people were killed in police anti-trafficking operations in Indonesia. Nor is the possibility of further executions ruled out. They have not occurred since , but the moratorium is not official. In , at least 80 received the penalty. End The Death Penalty Press release. October 9, by Andrew Purcell Head of Communications. He started using the drug regularly two years ago, because it helped him stay upbeat and not feel tired Last year, he was arrested at a hotel in central Jakarta, the capital. Facebook Tweet. Stay informed. Are you sure? The more people who support our campaigns, the more power we have to work with decision makers to end the death penalty and resentence people already sentenced to death. Choose 'Yes' to get emails - you can safely unsubscribe at any time. To see how we keep your data safe, read our privacy policy. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Get the latest. Quick links About us Our governance Our team Vacancies. Donate now Become a Member Leave a legacy Shop in our gallery. Get in touch Contact info.

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Maldives buying MDMA pills

While federal restrictions on drug importation and reimportation from other countries have not changed in recent years, there is a renewed call for action at the federal and state level. In July , the Trump administration Administration issued its Safe Importation Plan — designed to eventually allow importation and reimportation. Below are highlights of the key compliance issues and activities concerning importation and reimportation. Importation is generally prohibited. The federal Food and Drug Administration FDA generally maintains that importing prescription drugs into the US by anyone other than the manufacturer is a violation of federal law. Unapproved drugs include those not manufactured according to FDA standards. FDA approval process. Information on the FDA website setting out the importation prohibition has not changed since its issuance in FDA assurance. The rationale behind the prohibition is that the FDA cannot adequately assure the public that drug products imported to the US from foreign countries meet FDA standards, or if reimported are the same products approved by the FDA. Therefore, plan sponsors that facilitate access to imported medications for group health plan enrollees have some risk of violating the law. Reimportation is also restricted. To date, HHS has not made this certification, so no waivers allowing reimportation from Canada have been approved. Personal use policy. Most importation today likely occurs through this personal use policy, with individuals including employees directly making arrangements with online pharmacies to receive certain medications. Federal enforcement and penalties. Criminal penalties could apply to any person violating the law. Importing controlled substances could carry a higher penalty. Other than nonenforcement for personal use, the government continues to enforce importation restriction violations. For instance, on Feb. The letter claimed the distributor was operating as a prescription drug provider in violation of US federal law by causing the introduction of unapproved and misbranded drugs into interstate commerce. State activity. The FDA has never approved a state plan to allow importation or reimportation from Canada under the law. In the years immediately following the passage of the law, courts in at least two jurisdictions rejected attempts by state and local governments to force HHS to waive legal requirements and certify importation for their government programs. See Vermont v. Leavitt , F. Leavitt, F. Pathway 1 program to allow importation from Canada. HHS and FDA have proposed regulations under the law to authorize a demonstration project that would allow states, wholesalers or pharmacists to apply for participation by submitting a proposal to HHS for to import prescription drugs from Canada. The project excludes controlled substances, biological products, infused drugs, and intravenously injected drugs, among others. States would have to propose an arrangement with a wholesaler or pharmacist as part of the application process. The project would last for two years starting from the time the state imports its first eligible prescription drug, with the possibility of extensions for two-year periods. Specifics on the application, time limit, reporting and other details are set out in proposed regulations. States will drive and oversee this pathway. Proposed rules require that only a state, tribal or territorial governmental entity may sponsor a Pathway 1 program. Wholesalers and pharmacists can cosponsor SIPs, and are authorized to serve as importers of eligible prescription drugs. The FDA seeks comments on whether entities such as group purchasing organizations, pharmacy benefit managers PBMs or union health and welfare benefit plans should also be permitted to cosponsor SIPs. Several steps involved in implementation. The proposed process would start with the state submitting an SIP Proposal to the FDA that includes specific information, including the eligible drugs to be imported, the name of the Canadian-licensed foreign seller that will purchase the drug from its manufacturer, and the name of the importer who must be a US-licensed wholesaler or pharmacist. If the FDA authorizes the proposal, the proposed regulations list various steps that the foreign seller and the approved importer must complete to meet FDA testing and labeling requirements. Recent passage of importation laws in four states. Most recently, Colorado , Florida , Maine and Vermont have passed legislation with the goal of seeking federal authorization to import drugs from Canada. These states could use Pathway 1 to import drugs. Other states could follow the lead by passing legislation should HHS approve a state plan. In August , Florida released a concept paper to HHS explaining how the state could implement a reimportation plan. Vermont followed with its own concept paper in October. While Florida is focused first on developing a program to address the high cost of drugs in its state programs, the Vermont concept paper addresses reducing costs for consumers who receive drugs through commercial plans regulated by the state. Pathway 2 program to allow drug manufacturers to import their own drugs into the US. The Safe Importation Action Plan says that manufacturers could sell the foreign drug under a different National Drug Code NDC than the US version, allowing them to introduce the drug at a lower price than current distribution contracts require for the US version. Draft guidance issued in December sets out the process for a drug manufacturer to obtain an additional NDC. In theory, this could allow the manufacturer to lower the price and result in lower out-of-pocket costs for consumers. Unlike Pathway 1, Pathway 2 is not limited to medications from Canada, and would not exclude biologics, insulin or intravenous or injectable drugs. Comments on this guidance were due on Feb. If both pathways are implemented as announced, what specific medications will be available at reduced costs? Are these medications the major cost drivers for group health plans? Will drug manufacturers react by increasing prices to US importers? How specifically will private employer plans be able to access any savings that states obtain through Pathway 1? Will this process and the drugs available differ by state? Will Pathway 1 be limited to insured group health plans? Will drugs imported through Pathway 1 be treated differently on plan formularies or have different negotiated rebates than the same drugs distributed through normal FDA processes in the US? If the importation is limited to the pathway program involving only Canada, will there be sufficient amounts of lower-priced drugs available for those outside of the state and local governmental programs where some states are focused on obtaining savings? Will Canada take action to prevent or restrict US importation under Pathway 1? Catherine Stamm. February 21, While employers should seek the assistance of counsel to review current FDA restrictions on drug importation and reimportation, these restrictions could change due to the Trump action plan. The Pathway 1 Safe Importation Plan will require final agency rulemaking before any state plan is approved, and no plan can be approved unless the requisite safety and cost reduction conditions are demonstrated. Comments are due on the proposed regulation by March 9, However, this might not be the case if the pathway allows them to avoid current contractual obligations that reduce profits. Final guidance is expected this year. Employer issues Employers continue to get contacted by various vendors seeking to assist them in reducing prescription drug costs by obtaining imported or reimported drugs for their group health plan participants. About the author s. Kaye Pestaina. Related topics. Related Solutions. Related insights. Related Case Studies. Contact us. Download PDF now.

Maldives buying MDMA pills