Mail Submission
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Gellens, R.; Klensin, J. (November 2011). "Submission Identification" . Message Submission for Mail . IETF . sec. 3.1. doi : 10.17487/RFC6409 . STD 72. RFC 6409 . Retrieved November 14, 2013 .
^ C. Hutzler; D. Crocker; P. Resnick; E. Allman ; T. Finch (November 2007). Email Submission Operations: Access and Accountability Requirements . IETF . doi : 10.17487/RFC5068 . RFC 5068 . Retrieved 13 February 2013 . Access Providers MUST NOT block users from accessing the external Internet using the SUBMISSION port 587.
^ Amir Herzberg (19 May 2009). "DNS-based email sender authentication mechanisms: A critical review". Computers & Security . 28 (8): 731–742. doi : 10.1016/j.cose.2009.05.002 .
^ Jeremy Blosser and David Josephsen (November 2004). "Scalable Centralized Bayesian Spam Mitigation with Bogofilter" . Proceedings of LISA '04: Eighteenth Systems Administration Conference . USENIX . Retrieved 24 June 2010 .
^ Cyrus Daboo (March 2011). "Email Submission" . Use of SRV Records for Locating Email Submission/Access Services . IETF . sec. 3.1. doi : 10.17487/RFC6186 . RFC 6186 . Retrieved 17 April 2013 .
A message submission agent ( MSA ), or mail submission agent , is a computer program or software agent that receives electronic mail messages from a mail user agent (MUA) and cooperates with a mail transfer agent (MTA) for delivery of the mail. It uses ESMTP, a variant of the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), as specified in RFC 6409. [1]
Many MTAs perform the function of an MSA as well, but there are also programs that are specially designed as MSAs without full MTA functionality. [ citation needed ] Historically, in Internet mail , both MTA and MSA functions use port number 25, but the official port for MSAs is 587. [1] The MTA accepts a user's incoming mail, while the MSA accepts a user's outgoing mail.
Separation of the MTA and MSA functions produces several benefits.
One benefit is that an MSA, since it is interacting directly with the author's MUA, can correct minor errors in a message's format (such as a missing Date , Message-ID , To fields, or an address with a missing domain name) and/or immediately report an error to the author so that it can be corrected before it is sent to any of the recipients. An MTA accepting a message from another site cannot reliably make those kinds of corrections, and any error reports generated by such an MTA will reach the author (if at all) only after the message has already been sent.
One more benefit is that with a dedicated port number, 587, it is always possible for users to connect to their domain to submit new mail. To combat spam (including spam being sent unwittingly by a victim of a botnet ) many ISPs and institutional networks restrict the ability to connect to remote MTAs on port 25. The accessibility of an MSA on port 587 [2] enables nomadic users (for example, those working on a laptop) to continue to send mail via their preferred submission servers even from within others' networks. Using a specific submission server is a requirement when sender policies or signing practices are enforced.
Another benefit is that separating the MTA and MSA functions makes it easier for an MTA to deny relaying, that is to refuse any mail that is not addressed to a recipient at a domain that is served locally. This is a strategy used by ISPs to prevent the sending of spam from virus-infected client computers. By contrast, an MSA must generally accept mail for any recipient on the Internet, though it only accepts such mail from authors who are authorized to use that MSA and who have established their identity to the MSA via authentication. In times when both mail submission and acceptance of incoming mail were usually accomplished using the same protocol and the same server, the ability to send mail to arbitrary destinations without authentication allowed spammers to use MTAs as a means of distributing spam (since a single message transaction can request that an MTA relay a message to a large number of recipients), and also made it more difficult to trace a message to its origin.
Yet another benefit is that MSAs and MTAs can have different policies for filtering of spam. Most MSAs require authentication in the form of a username and password provided by the author. Any messages received by such an MSA are therefore traceable to an author who has a direct relationship with the MSA, and who can be held accountable for his actions. This allows the MSA to have either no spam filtering, or more permissive spam filtering than an MTA that exists for the purpose of accepting incoming email from other domains. It is difficult to establish trust in mail sent between arbitrary domains, because there is generally no direct relationship between those domains via which trust, or even identity, can be established. In the absence of such trust, an MTA must generally rely on heuristics and third-party reputation services to distinguish spam from legitimate traffic, and both of these mechanisms have a history of being error-prone. [3] [4] The separation of MSA and MTA therefore avoids the use of unreliable spam recognition mechanisms during mail submission, and increases the probability for legitimate mail to be delivered successfully.
While recent email clients use port 587 by default, older ones still propose port 25. Users have to change the port number manually in the latter case. It is also possible that the MUA may automatically discover which server provides the MSA for a given domain, looking up the SRV records for that domain. Domain example.com can publish its record like so: [5]
RFC 6409 requires that clients are authorized and authenticated to use the mail submission service, e.g., as described in SMTP-AUTH (ESMTPA), or by other means such as RADIUS , public key certificates , or (the mostly obsolete) POP before SMTP .
The MSA must check that the submitted mail is syntactically valid and conforms to the relevant site policies. RFC 6409 contains some optional features:
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Агент передачи электронной почты ( _ en . Mail Submission Agent , MSA ) это компьютерная программа или программный агент , который принимает сообщение электронной почты из почтового агента ( MUA ) и соеденяется с mail transfer agent ( MTA ) для доставки электронной почты .
Many MTAs act as an MSA as well , but there are also programs that are specially designed as MSAs without full MTA functionality . Historically in Internet mail , both MTA ( acceptance of locally - destined mail from other domains ) and MSA ( acceptance of submitted mail from local users ) functions were both performed by MTAs using the same protocol ( SMTP ).
Separation of the MTA and MSA function produces several benefits:
One benefit is that an MSA , since it is interacting directly with the author ’ s MUA , can correct minor errors in a message ’ s format ( such as a missing Date field , or an address with a missing domain name ) and / or immediately report an error to the author so that it can be corrected before it is sent to any of the recipients . An MTA accepting a message from another site cannot reliably make those kinds of corrections , and any error reports generated by such an MTA will reach the author ( if at all ) only after he has already sent the message .
Another benefit is that separating the MTA and MSA functions makes it possible ( and desirable ) for an MTA that accepts incoming mail to refuse any mail that is not addressed to a recipient at a domain that is served by the MTA . By contrast , an MSA must generally accept mail for any recipient on the Internet , though it only accepts such mail from authors who are authorized to use that MSA and who have established their identity to the MSA via authentication . In times when both mail submission and acceptance of incoming mail were usually accomplished using the same protocol and the same server , the ability to send mail to arbitrary destinations without authentication allowed spammers to use MTAs as a means of distributing spam ( since a single message transaction can request that an MTA relay a message to a large number of recipients ), and also made it more difficult to trace a message to its origin .
Another benefit is that MSAs and MTAs can have different policies for filtering of spam . Most MSAs require authentication in the form of a username and password provided by the author . Any messages received by such an MSA are therefore traceable to an author who has a direct relationship with the MSA , and who can be held accountable for his actions . This allows the MSA to have either no spam filtering , or more permissive spam filtering than an MTA that exists for the purpose of accepting incoming email from other domains . It is difficult to establish trust in mail sent between arbitrary domains , because there is generally no direct relationship between those domains via which trust , or even identity , can be established . In the absence of such trust , an MTA must generally rely on heuristics and third - party reputation services to distinguish spam from legitimate traffic , and both of these mechanisms have a history of being error - prone . The separation of MSA and MTA therefore avoids the use of unreliable spam recognition mechanisms during mail submission , and increases the probability for legitimate mail to be delivered successfully .
The separation of MTA and MSA functions has made it easier for many internet service providers and enterprise networks to restrict the ability of unauthorized computers on their networks to connect directly to remote MTAs on port 25 ( the usual SMTP port ), in order to prevent those computers on their networks from being used to relay spam . Widespread support for use of the MSA protocol on port 587 enables nomadic users to continue to send mail via their own submission servers even from within others ' networks , and the widespread requirement for authentication on port 587 means that enterprise networks have little desire to filter outgoing traffic on that port .
* List of mail servers * Comparison of mail servers
* R . Gellens & J . Klensin . " Message Submission ". RFC 2476 , December 1998 . * J . Klensin , ed . " Simple Mail Transfer Protocol ". RFC 2821 , April 2001 . * *
Mail submission agent — A mail submission agent (MSA) is a computer program or software agent that receives electronic mail messages from a mail user agent (MUA) and cooperates with a mail transfer agent (MTA) for delivery of the mail. It uses a variant of the Simple… … Wikipedia
Mail Submission Agent — Un mail submission agent (MSA) es un programa informático o agente de software que recibe mensajes de correo electrónico desde un Mail User Agent (MUA) y coopera con un Mail Transport Agent (MTA) para entregar el correo. Eso usa una variante del… … Wikipedia Español
Mail Submission Agent — Ein Message Submission Agent, kurz MSA ist ein Dienst, welcher E Mails von einem Mail User Agent (MUA) entgegennimmt, evtl. filtert (z. B. den Absender ändert) und an einen Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) zur Auslieferung weiterleitet. Die meisten MTAs … Deutsch Wikipedia
Mail delivery agent — A mail delivery agent or message delivery agent (MDA) is a computer software component that is responsible for the delivery of e mail messages to a local recipient s mailbox.[1] Also called an LDA, or local delivery agent.[2] Within the Internet… … Wikipedia
Mail transfer agent — MTA es una sigla en inglés que significa Mail Transport Agent (Agente de Transporte de Correos), y también Message Transport Agent (Agente de Transporte de Mensajes). En otras palabras, es el servidor de correo (SMTP) en sí y no la parte que usa… … Enciclopedia Universal
Message Submission Agent — Ein Message Submission Agent (MSA) ist ein Server, der E Mails von einem Mail User Agent entgegennimmt und einem Mail Delivery Agent oder Mail Transfer Agent übergibt. Traditionell nehmen Mail Transfer Agents solche E Mails entgegen. Während Mail … Deutsch Wikipedia
Submission — may refer to: * Submission, a monotheistic religion practiced by the Submitters * Submission (film), a film directed by Theo van Gogh and written by Ayaan Hirsi Ali * Submission , a song from the 1977 album Never Mind the Bollocks, Here s the Sex … Wikipedia
Mail-Server — Ein E Mail Server, kurz Mailserver genannt, ist ein Server, der E Mails verwaltet. Er hat die Aufgabe, E Mails zu empfangen, zu versenden, zu speichern oder weiterzuleiten. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Funktionen 2 Protokolle/Ports 3 Siehe auch 4 Quellen … Deutsch Wikipedia
Mail Server — Ein E Mail Server, kurz Mailserver genannt, ist ein Server, der E Mails verwaltet. Er hat die Aufgabe, E Mails zu empfangen, zu versenden, zu speichern oder weiterzuleiten. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Funktionen 2 Protokolle/Ports 3 Siehe auch 4 Quellen … Deutsch Wikipedia
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol — This article is about the Internet standard for electronic mail transmission. For the email delivery company, see SMTP (company). Internet protocol suite Application layer … Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail_submission_agent
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Mail Submission
