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By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. To learn more, view our Privacy Policy. To browse Academia. Предлагаемый двухтомник — первая обобщающая работа по истории сельскохозяйственных опытных учреждений в России. С привлечением огромного массива архивных документов и опубликованных источников проанализирована почти трехвековая история организации научных исследований в области агрономии. Первый том посвящен истокам — началу экспериментов по акклиматизации чужеземных растений в монастырских и царских садах. Описано появление и развитие первых государственных образований, где велись агрономические работы — аптекарских огородов. Прослежен переход от частных садов к частным опытным станциям и полям благодаря трудам пионеров отечественной агрономии А. Болотова, М. Афонина, И. Комова, М. Раскрыта роль научных и практических обществ, земств как инициаторов агрономических исследований и организаторов опытных учреждений. Книга адресована историкам науки и культуры, специалистам-аграрникам, а также широкому кругу читателей, интересующихся отечественной историей и социальной историей российской науки. The study challenges the dominant discourse on the state as the chief promoter of science in Russia. Analysing the roots of the agricultural science in Russia, the study discusses the significance of monastic and court gardens as the centres for collection and experimentation with medical and exotic plants. They invited academically trained agriculturalists to manage them. From the s, the members of the agricultural learned encouraged their institutions to set up experimental stations and fields. Even more experimental institutions were organised by local communities zemstvo. The state activities during the same period were concentrated at the establishment of medical gardens, educational university courses related to agriculture, and independent high schools of agronomy with experimental plots, laboratories, and greenhouses. Private individuals, learned societies, and zemstvo strongly supported the state initiative. By the revolution, the combined efforts to rationalise agriculture resulted in the establishment of more than agricultural experiment stations and fields. The Bolshevik government kept the pattern of state assistance towards agricultural science. Despite the revolutionary violence and the loss of former patrons, most of the existing institutions managed to maintain their functions throughout the Civil War and formed the basis of Soviet agricultural science. Olga Elina. Anastasia Fedotova. В том числе приводится черновик отчета Бюро за период с 27 октября до 1 июля г. Anastasia Fedotova , Николай Гончаров. Публикуются документы отчеты, официальные и рабочие записки Бюро по прикладной ботанике Ученого комитета Главного управления землеустройства и земледелия Министерства земледелия за годы Первой мировой войны. Материалы, характеризующие деятельность Бюро и взгляды на необходимые преобразования в организации проводимых на средства казны агроботанических исследований, принадлежат перу заведующего Бюро Р. Регеля — одной из важнейших фигур, определявших государственную политику в этой области в е гг. Документы отражают структуру Бюро предшественника Института прикладной ботаники и новых культур, в г. The activity of the individuals celebrated in this year has resulted in the establishment of a research institute and gene bank: the Vavilov Institute of Plant Breeding VIR, St. Petersburg , which keeps one of the most significant collections of cultivated plant seeds in the world. We also celebrate the th anniversary of N. In addition, this year celebrates Alexandr F. Batalin, Ivan P. Borodin, and Robert E. It is supplemented by new archival documents. Key words: history of applied botany, Robert E. Regel, Sergey P. These Congresses represented the first steps towards the professionalization of agricultural entomology within Russia. All of the southern provinces suffered losses in agricultural trade due to pest insect outbreaks, but it was Odessa — the largest trade, cultural and scientific center in southern Russia at this time — that emerged to play a central role in the professionalization of applied entomology. The paper examines the initial efforts of naturalists and regional authorities to address the growing problem of pest infestation through a hesitant but developing dialogue with landowners and various layers of centralized state administration. The resultant Regional Entomological Congresses were an exceptional phenomenon, both for science as well as for the public life of the region, and represented one of the very few cases of inter-provincial zemstvo cooperation. While the Entomological Congresses were unable to provide a swift resolution to the pest issue, they were effective in raising awareness of the problem within the various layers of Russian society. Gender asymmetry marked the development of education in the Russian Empire until the end of the XIX century. Attending lectures on agronomy for Russian women met extreme obstacles both of psychological and bureaucratic character: the career of an agronomist was traditionally regarded as an exclusively male one. For a female candidate to enter the agricultural higher school required first applying for special permission from the Ministry of Agriculture: the second step was to persuade the Board of an agricultural school to give permission to attend the courses. This paper discusses the pioneering initiatives of Zhozefina V. Petersburg, named after Ivan A. Pryanishnikov; other lecturers at the Courses were professors A. Fortunatov, G. Turskii, A. Doiarenko, N. Higher agricultural courses with access for women were set up as well in Saratov , Novocherkassk and other places; there appeared also schools for both genders Petersburg Agricultural Courses, Most of these schools were non-governmental, e. Graduates of the courses were invited to serve for the zemstvos and also at the agricultural experiment stations already in s. This paper traces the scientific research and practical achievements of Vera P. Velikanova, who was a graduate of the Moscow Courses. During their careers women-agronomists seldom occupied high positions and served mostly as assisting scientific staff. This perhaps could be explained by the raditional perception of agronomy as a male occupation. Вавилова, а также «мобилизацию» науки в военные и меж- и постреволюционные годы. It was written by its director Robert Regel, a recognized authority in the field of applied botany both in Russia and worldwide. The review highlights the working of the Bureau in the period between February and the October Revolu- tions and during the first months of the new Soviet government. Log in with Facebook Log in with Google. Remember me on this computer. Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Related Papers. Федотова, Н. Applied ecology for irrigation engineers. Historical Essays in Russian. Russian phitogeographers during the 'Second Patriotic War'.

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Лирика бесплатные пробы Абаза

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