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Immigration; an issue in the French presidential campaign | Clingendael

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Since the end of the s, when labour migration was halted, immigration has been the hot potato of French politics. Ever since its electoral breakthrough in , the Front National has capitalized on the anxieties of the French society towards globalization, the economic and financial crisis as well as the disappointment with the current European project, seen by many as a big liberal market where social safety nets are being dismantled. Immigration is therefore mostly considered as a security issue by French politicians. The far-left presents the most humanistic ideas, although outside of EU treaties, while Emmanuel Macron stresses that asylum is a right and migrants are a strength for the economy. With 74, asylum applicants in , France is far from the , applications received by Germany in In the campaign immigration is no longer debated as a societal project but rather as a security and identity issue. Although employment remains the first preoccupation of French people, the presidential elections polls show restrictive trends towards immigration. While Front National and the right-wing parties follow these public opinion trends, Emmanuel Macron, the leader of En Marche! Overall, in the French presidential campaign immigration is no longer debated as a societal project but rather as a security and identity issue. The legacy of the Hollande Presidency Traditionally known for its humanist approach to immigration, the left-wing government of President Hollande has in fact continued the security approach initiated by his predecessor Sarkozy. Later, he dropped his promise to grant foreigners the right to vote in local elections. In spite of a multi-annual residence permit, the immigration law facilitates the expulsion of irregular migrants and has been denounced by several NGOs. The asylum law reduces the delays in the treatment of asylum applications, thus aligning it with EU law. According to the OFPRA , the agency that processes asylum-seeker applications, this delay amounted to days in Furthermore, asylum seekers whose request for asylum has been refused but cannot be returned to their home countries have not being given any status see here. With Fillon as president, the French Constitution would be modified to adopt a quota principle, to be defined by law, on how many residency permits could be delivered. Laws granting French citizenship to French ascendants of more than 65 years old would be repealed. State medical help for foreigners will be reviewed, and foreigners will be exempted from paying healthcare costs only in the cases of minors, emergencies and infectious disease, and only in some selected hospitals and clinics. Like Macron, Fillon wants to limit the delays in processing asylum requests to 4 months. Administrative detention of irregular migration will be extended from 45 days to 6 months, the maximum authorized by the EU return directive. The Schengen Treaty will be renegotiated to authorize increased controls at internal borders. Citizenship rules will be tightened up with additional conditions such as a minimum 8 years of residency in France and a minimum 5 years of marriage. With Marine Le Pen as President legal migration will be reduced from , to 10, entries a year. First, legal migration will be reduced from , to 10, entries per year. In the short term, because she wants to renegotiate the EU treaties, this should not apply to European citizens. Family reunification will also stop. Third, she will suppress the jus soli, the right of place of birth. This right grants French citizenship to anyone born on French territory with at least one French parent. Children born from foreign parents on French territory can also choose for French citizenship when they are 18 years old. State medical help would be suppressed. The regularization or naturalization of irregular migrants will no longer be possible. He wants foreigners to have a right to vote in local elections and will accelerate the integration of asylum seekers. They will have the right to work after three months on French territory and will gain more opportunities to learn French. At the EU level, Hamon wants to stop the Dublin system that he considers unfair to Italy and Greece, two countries under important budgetary restrictions. Instead, he proposes a fairer sharing of asylum seekers among EU member states based on their hosting capacities. He wants to pursue Euro-Mediterranean cooperation and co-development with Southern and African neighbours. The OFPRA would be attached to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and no longer to the Interior Ministry, while asylum seekers would be able to work when awaiting their case to be examined. Access to French citizenship would be facilitated. Defending a liberal immigration policy, he considers the welcoming of refugees as a moral duty for France and Europe and has therefore criticized the EU-Turkey deal. His programme develops the following main propositions. Second, as Macron considers immigrants as formidable assets for the French and European economies, he wants to speed up the asylum-request process and reduce it to less than 6 months, appeal included. However, Macron does propose an immediate return to the country of origin for those who will not be granted asylum status. At the European level, he proposes to strengthen the European Border Guards Corps, to improve border control in countries of origin and to combat human smuggling, in line with existing commitments. Looking forward This campaign has defied any standards about French presidential elections. Given that France is a multicultural society, built on migration, it is disappointing that migration is not regarded as a societal project. Measures to integrate migrants are minimal and it is only very rarely that candidates recall that asylum is a human right. This national disillusionment is also reflected at the European level, where migration is rarely presented as a positive force for European economies in light of the inevitable ageing of populations. This is no good news for immigrants, nor for French and European citizens. She is an expert on EU immigration policy. Wolff can be followed on her blog. See their report here. Filter by. Search results for:. Netherlands institute of international relations Clingendael. Clingendael 7. EU Forum. Social Europe. Support for the EU. EU Integration. In the campaign immigration is no longer debated as a societal project but rather as a security and identity issue Although employment remains the first preoccupation of French people, the presidential elections polls show restrictive trends towards immigration. The products and services that we offer range from trend analyses that are part of our Clingendael Strategic Monitor, to high-quality in-depth analyses, scenario-building, horizon scanning and alerts specifically geared to your organisation. Sarah Wolff. Related publications 8. De EU-posities van de Franse presidentskandidaten in een overzicht 14 April - Saving the French social model at the expense of the EU? Read more. European defence in the French elections 19 April - De economische beleidsagenda van de nieuwe Franse President 21 April - The risks and uncertainty of a Macron presidency 25 April - Stay updated Subscribe to our weekly news letter.