Latin Cyrillic Uzbek

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Latin Cyrillic Uzbek
→ Uzbek keyboard (Cyrillic alphabet)
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Walid Shoebat
Former Muslim Brotherhood Member Now Peace Activist

You are here: Home › Uzbekistan Breaks With Cyrillic, Moves Language Fully To Latin Script By 2023
By Andrew Bieszad on February 17, 2021 in Featured , General
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Language is a powerful thing. It shapes who we are, how we see the world, and the values we hold. In the Western world, the Latin alphabet of the Romans served both political and religious purposes for the Church and national governments or later, empires and their territories. The same can be said about the Cyrillic alphabet for the Slavic nations, with the most influential being Russia and her expansions into Siberia. The Arabic script was used to bring Islam to the Ottomans (as prior to the 20th century Arabic script donminated), Persians, Indians (Urdu), and other races in Central Asia or even Africa. Thus, a change in language, even alphabet, can be a political act.
Right now, there is a major battle being fought over control of Central Asia. He who controls that area always has, but in the future may decide the outcome of a major global conflict. Decades ago after the fall of the USSR, it was already controversial that some nations, such as Turkmenistan, switched from Cyrillic to Latin script for writing their language for this reason. Now the second-most powerful nation in Central Asia after Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, is switching from Cyrillic to Latin for her script by 2023.
Uzbekistan plans to fully transition the Uzbek language from the Cyrillic script to a Latin-based alphabet by January 1, 2023.
The Justice Ministry said in a statement on February 11 that the government approved the target date and a corresponding road map for the plan a day earlier.
The government’s decision comes less than four months after President Shavkat Mirziyoev issued a decree to expedite the full transition of the Uzbek language to a Latin-based alphabet.
Uzbek, as well as other Central Asian languages, was written in an Arabic script until the late 1920s. It then switched to Latin script as part of a larger Latinization of Turkic languages, before the Soviets introduced Cyrillic in 1940.
In 1993, less than two years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Uzbekistan began to transition back to a Latin script but Cyrillic is still widely used.
After going through various iterations, a working group at Tashkent State University presented a final draft of the updated Uzbek alphabet based on the Latin alphabet in 2019.
The updated alphabet consists of 30 characters: 29 letters and an apostrophe to denote a hard sign, specific sounds, or intonations..
In neighboring Kazakhstan, the process of switching to the Latin alphabet has been going on since 2017, when former President Nursultan Nazarbaev first instructed the government to work on the transition to a Latin-based alphabet by 2025.
Another Central Asian country, Turkmenistan, switched from the Cyrillic script to Latin in 1993, while Azerbaijan, a Turkic-speaking former Soviet republic in the South Caucasus, replaced its Cyrillic-based alphabet with the current Latin-based script on December 25, 1991.
The move to shift to Latin script was in part driven by political considerations, in order to distance the Turkic-speaking nations from years of Russian influence and develop a stronger national identity in the young states. The Latin script is also considered better suited to Turkic languages.
The Soviet-era transition of Turkic languages to Cyrillic was in part implemented to distance Central Asian states and Azerbaijan from Turkey, which as part of a Westernization drive changed its Persian-Arabic script to a Latin one in the 1920s. ( source )
This is happening at the same time that US and NATO influence has significantly grown in Kyrgyzstan, as all the nations are moving closer to Turkey, and they all are building deeper economic ties with the West as Russia struggles to keep them in her sphere of influence.
A major trend to watch will be ‘westernization’, in the full sense of good and bad with a “liberal’ model, become more popular, as it is political and related to military control over that region that could lead to the breakup of Russia from Siberia, isolating her to the lands west of the Urals, and creating a Siberia ripe for new nations and exploitation by the US and other imperial powers.


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Karluk Turkic language of Central Asia
Uzbek in Latin, Arabic Nastaliq , and Cyrillic scripts.
Dark blue = majority; light blue = minority

^ Used in Afghanistan and China

^ Third official language in areas where Uzbeks are majority [3]




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^ Allworth, Edward A. (1990). The Modern Uzbeks: From the Fourteenth Century to the Present: A Cultural History . Hoover Institution Press. pp. 229–230. ISBN 978-0-8179-8732-9 .

^ "The Origins of the Uzbek Language" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2 September 2013 . Retrieved 5 January 2013 .

^ Golden, Peter. B. (1990), "Chapter 13 – The Karakhanids and Early Islam", in Sinor, Denis (ed.), The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia , Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-24304-1

^ Allworth, Edward (1994). Central Asia: 130 Years of Russian Dominance, a Historical Overview . Duke University Press. p. 72. ISBN 0-8223-1521-1 .

^ Robert McHenry, ed. (1993). "Navā'ī, (Mir) 'Alī Shīr". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 8 (15th ed.). Chicago : Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. p. 563.

^ Subtelny, M. E. (1993). "Mīr 'Alī Shīr Nawā'ī". In C. E. Bosworth; E. Van Donzel; W. P. Heinrichs; Ch. Pellat (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam . Vol. VII. Leiden — New York : Brill Publishers . pp. 90–93.

^ Valitova, A. A. (1974). "Alisher Navoi". In A. M. Prokhorov (ed.). Great Soviet Encyclopedia (in Russian). Vol. 17 (3rd ed.). Moscow : Soviet Encyclopedia. pp. 194–195.

^ A. M. Prokhorov, ed. (1997). "Navoi, Nizamiddin Mir Alisher". Great Encyclopedic Dictionary (in Russian) (2nd ed.). Saint Petersburg : Great Russian Encyclopedia. p. 777.

^ "Alisher Navoi" . Writers History . Archived from the original on 16 October 2013 . Retrieved 26 January 2012 .

^ Maxim Isaev (7 July 2009). "Uzbekistan – The monuments of classical writers of oriental literature are removed in Samarqand" . Ferghana News . Archived from the original on 11 September 2011 . Retrieved 26 January 2012 .

^ Kamola Akilova. "Alisher Navoi and his epoch in the context of Uzbekistan art culture development [sic]" . San'at Magazine . Archived from the original on 24 January 2012 . Retrieved 28 January 2012 .

^ "Uzbek Culture" . UzHotels . Archived from the original on 9 May 2012 . Retrieved 27 January 2012 .

^ "Alisher Navoi – The Crown of Literature" . Kitob.uz Children's Digital Library (in Uzbek) . Retrieved 8 February 2012 . [ permanent dead link ]

^ A.J.E.Bodrogligeti, «Muhammad Shaybanî’s Bahru’l-huda : An Early Sixteenth Century Didactic Qasida in Chagatay», Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher, vol.54 (1982), p. 1 and n.4

^ B. V. Norik, Rol shibanidskikh praviteley v literaturnoy zhizni Maverannakhra XVI v. // Rakhmat-name. Sankt Petersburg, 2008, p.230

^ A.J.E.Bodrogligeti, «MuÌammad Shaybænî’s Bahru’l-huda : An Early Sixteenth Century Didactic Qasida in Chagatay», Ural-Altaische Jahrbücher, vol.54 (1982), p. 1 and n.4

^ Turdy. Izbrannyye proizvedeniya. Tashkent, 1951, p.33

^ "Sûfî Allahyâr" .

^ Bronnikova O. M., Sarty v etnicheskoy istorii Sredney Azii (k postanovke problemy) Etnosy i etnicheskiye protsessy. Moskva: Vostochnaya literatura, 1993, s. 153.

^ Sobolev L. N. Geograficheskiye i statisticheskiye svedeniya o Zeravshanskom okruge (s prilozheniyem spiska naselonnykh mest okruga), Zapiski IRGO po otdeleniyu statistiki. SPb., 1874. T.4. S. 299. Prim. 1.

^ Allworth, Edward A. (1990). The Modern Uzbeks: From the Fourteenth Century to the Present: A Cultural History . Hoover Institution Press. pp. 229–230. ISBN 978-0-8179-8732-9 .

^ Jump up to: a b Batalden, Stephen K. (1997). The Newly Independent States of Eurasia: Handbook of Former Soviet Republics . Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-89774-940-4 .

^ William., Fierman (2 May 2011). Language Planning and National Development : the Uzbek Experience . ISBN 978-3-11-085338-4 . OCLC 979586152 .

^ Jump up to: a b European Society for Central Asian Studies. International Conference (2005). Central Asia on Display . LIT Verlag Münster. p. 221. ISBN 978-3-8258-8309-6 .

^ Sjoberg, Andrée F. (1963). Uzbek Structural Grammar . Uralic and Altaic Series. Vol. 18. Bloomington: Indiana University. pp. 16–18.

^ Ahmedjanova, Zumrad, "Uzbek Language" (PDF) , slaviccenters.duke.edu

^ Johanson, Lars; Brown, Keith; Ogilvie, Sarah (2009). Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World . Elsevier. pp. 1145–1148. ISBN 978-0-08-087774-7 .

^ The Uzbek tense-aspect-modality system

^ Ido, Shinji (21 March 2014). "Bukharan Tajik" (PDF) . Journal of the International Phonetic Association . 44 (1): 87–102. doi : 10.1017/S002510031300011X . S2CID 232344116 .

^ Hickey, Raymond 2010. The Handbook of Language Contact. Malden, MA: Wiley- Blackwel page 655

^ "AZERBAIJAN ix. Iranian Elements in Azeri Turki – Encyclopaedia Iranica" . www.iranicaonline.org .

^ memohrc.org — "Туркменизация" руководящих кадров в Дашогузе

^ iamik.ru — Туркменизация узбеков

^ vb.kg — В Туркмении завершается принудительная туркменизация

^ 365info.kz — Туркменские узбеки тихо ликуют и следят за Мирзиёевым

^ fergananews.com — В Москве начинает выходить газета на узбекском языке

^ vesti.kg — В Москве начинает выходить газета на узбекском языке

^ caravan.kz — В Москве начинает выходить газета на узбекском языке

^ the-village.ru — Москвичи, изучающие узбекский, таджикский и молдавский языки

^ Baskakov N. A. Istoriko-tipologicheskaya fonologiya tyurkskikh yazykov M.: Nauka, 1988.

^ Kononov A. N. Grammatika sovremennogo uzbekskogo literaturnogo yazyka. M., L.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1960



Mamatov, Jahangir; Kadirova, Karamat (2008). Comprehensive Uzbek-English Dictionary . Hyattsville, Maryland: Dunwoody Press. ISBN 978-1-931546-83-6 . OCLC 300453555 .
Csató, Éva Ágnes; Johanson, Lars (1936). The Turkic Languages . London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-41261-7 . OCLC 40980286 .
Bregel, Yu (1978). "The Sarts in The Khanate of Khiva". Journal of Asian History . 12 (2): 120–151. JSTOR 41930294 .
Bodrogligeti, András J. E. (2002). Modern Literary Uzbek: A Manual for Intensive Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced Courses . München: Lincom Europa. ISBN 3-89586-695-4 . OCLC 51061526 .
Fierman, William (1991). Language Planning and National Development: The Uzbek Experience . Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-085338-8 . OCLC 815507595 .
Ismatullaev, Khaĭrulla (1995). Modern literary Uzbek I . Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University, Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies. ISBN 0-933070-36-5 . OCLC 34576336 .
Karl, A. Krippes (1996). Uzbek-English Dictionary (Rev ed.). Kensington: Dunwoody Press. ISBN 1-881265-45-5 . OCLC 35822650 .
Sjoberg, Andrée Frances (1997). Uzbek Structural Grammar . Richmond: Curzon Press. ISBN 0-7007-0818-9 . OCLC 468438031 .
Waterson, Natalie (1980). Uzbek-English Dictionary . Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-713597-8 . OCLC 5100980 .
Republic of Uzbekistan, Ministry of Higher and Middle Eductation. Lotin yozuviga asoslangan oʻzbek alifbosi va imlosi ( Latin writing based Uzbek alphabet and orthography ), Tashkent Finance Institute: Tashkent, 2004.
A. Shermatov. "A New Stage in the Development of Uzbek Dialectology" in Essays on Uzbek History, Culture and Language. Ed. Bakhtiyar A. Nazarov & Denis Sinor. Bloomington, Indiana, 1993, pp. 101–9.

Uzbek edition of Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia
Wikibooks has more on the topic of: Uzbek language
Wikivoyage has a phrasebook for Uzbek .

Sarikoli (Indo-European)
Tsat (Austronesian)
Formosan languages (Austronesian)


Chinese Sign
Northern (Beijing) Sign
Southern (Shanghai) Sign
Hong Kong Sign HK/MC
Tibetan Sign XZ


GX = Guangxi
HK = Hong Kong
MC = Macau
NM = Inner Mongolia
XJ = Xinjiang
XZ = Tibet

Uzbek ( Oʻzbekcha, Oʻzbek tili or Ўзбекча, Ўзбек тили ), formerly known as Turki or Western Turki , is a Turkic language spoken by Uzbeks . The sole official language of Uzbekistan , Uzbek is spoken as either native or second language by 44 million people around the world (L1+L2), having some 34 million speakers in Uzbekistan , 4.5 million in Afghanistan , [4] [ circular reference ] and around 5 million in the rest of Central Asia , making it the second-most widely spoken Turkic language after Turkish .

Uzbek belongs to the Eastern Turkic or Karluk branch of the Turkic language family . External influences include Arabic , Persian and Russian . [5] One of the most noticeable distinctions of Uzbek from other Turkic languages is the rounding of the vowel / ɑ / to / ɔ / , a feature that was influenced by Persian. Unlike other Turkic languages, vowel harmony is nigh-completely lost in modern Standard Uzbek, though it is (albeit somewhat less strictly) still observed in its dialects, as well as its sister Karluk language Uyghur .

In February 2021, the Uzbek government announced that Uzbekistan plans to fully transition the Uzbek language from the Cyrillic script to a Latin-based alphabet by 1 January 2023. [6] [7] Similar deadlines had been extended several times. [8]

Uzbek is a member of the Karluk languages , a sub-group of Turkic languages , belonging to the western branch, while the eastern variety carrying the name Uyghur . Since the family is classified to be a dialect continuum , it can be noted that it is found to be the most suitable variety or dialect to be understood by the most number of various Turkic language speakers, despite it being heavily Iranized , [9] excluding the Siberian Turkic languages . [10]

The Altaic language family , which includes the languages of Mongolic , Japonic , Koreanic and Tungusic [11] descent, has classified modern Uzbek to be originally descended from today's East Asia spanning from Mongolia to Northwest China , like every other member of the Turkic language family . [12] Initially, linguists have grouped Altaic languages and Uralic languages together, making a hypothesis that the two language families are related. The theory is controversial. [13] It was based mostly on the fact these languages share three features: agglutination, vowel harmony and lack of grammatical gender. [14]

A high degree of mutual intelligibility , found between certain specific Turkic languages , geographically located close or sometimes further from the area where Uzbek is spoken, has allowed the speakers of Uzbek to (with ease) comprehend various other distantly related languages.

Uzbek, being the most widely spoken language of the whole of Central Asia [ citation needed ] , is also spoken by smaller ethnic groups in the country and in neighbouring countries. As the language remains the only declared official language of the Republic of Uzbekistan , in the autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan the language is
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