Latin Characters
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Latin Characters
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By
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Last Updated:
Sep 6, 2022
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Etruscan alphabet
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Latin alphabet , also called Roman alphabet , the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world, the standard script of the English language and the languages of most of Europe and those areas settled by Europeans. Developed from the Etruscan alphabet at some time before 600 bce , it can be traced through Etruscan, Greek , and Phoenician scripts to the North Semitic alphabet used in Syria and Palestine about 1100 bce . The earliest inscription in the Latin alphabet appears on the Praeneste Fibula , a cloak pin dating from about the 7th century bce , which reads, “MANIOS MED FHEFHAKED NUMASIOI” (in Classical Latin: “Manius me fecit Numerio,” meaning “Manius made me for Numerius”). Dated not much later than this is a vertical inscription on a small pillar in the Roman Forum , and the Duenos inscription on a vase found near the Quirinal (a hill in Rome ) probably dates to the 6th century bce . Although experts disagree on the dating of these objects, the inscriptions are generally considered to be the oldest extant examples of the Latin alphabet.
The Classical Latin alphabet consisted of 23 letters, 21 of which were derived from the Etruscan alphabet. In medieval times the letter I was differentiated into I and J and V into U , V , and W , producing an alphabet equivalent to that of modern English with 26 letters. Some European languages currently using the Latin alphabet do not use the letters K and W , and some add extra letters (usually standard Latin letters with diacritical marks added or sometimes pairs of letters read as one sound).
In ancient Roman times there were two main types of Latin script, capital letters and cursive. There were also varieties of writing that mixed capitals and cursive or semicursive letters; Latin uncial script developed from such a mixed form in the 3rd century ce . In the Middle Ages many different Latin scripts developed from capital, cursive, and uncial forms. The round “humanistic” handwriting, used for copying books, and a more angular cursive script, used for legal and commercial purposes in 15th-century Italy, gave rise, respectively, to the roman and italic typefaces currently used in printing.
The table shows the Latin alphabet.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ch
Dž
Dz
Gh
Ij
Lj
Ll
Ly
Nh
Nj
Ny
Qu
Sh
Sz
Th
Ts
This is a list of letters of the Latin script . The definition of a Latin-script letter for this list is a character encoded in the Unicode Standard that has a script property of 'Latin' and the general category of 'Letter'. An overview of the distribution of Latin-script letters in Unicode is given in Latin script in Unicode .
Other Latin characters are omitted from the tables above:
Nonstandard phonetic symbol ; Uralic Phonetic Alphabet [2] IPA ⧸ä⧸
IPA ( open back unrounded vowel ); Duka, Fe'fe, Manenguba, Medumba, Tigon, Tawellemmet Berber; cf. Greek: Α α
Otto Bremer 's phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
IPA ( Bilabial trill ); UPA (partially voiced bilabial stop); Superscript form is an IPA superscript letter [7]
Lepsius Standard Alphabet ; Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
IPA ( voiced dental fricative ); Icelandic , Elfdalian and Faroese , Old English , African languages (not pronounced in Faroese)
Used for tau gallicum in Gaulish [10]
Used in various phonetic contexts [3]
UPA (partially devoiced alveolar stop) [2]
Jakob Vetsch ’s phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Anii, Awing, Bafia, Bangolan, Cibak, Dza, Gwak, Huba, Ikposo, Karekare, Kanuri, Kemezung, Kwanja, Kwasio, Lama (Togo), Lamang, Lukpa, Mbula-Bwazza, Mfumte, Mundang, Mundani, Ngizim, Pinyin language, Pan-Nigerian alphabet , Tamasheq, Turka, Yom
IPA ( mid-central vowel ); Azerbaijani letter, Bafut, Berber, Bissa, Bulu (Cameroon), Bura-Pabir, Daba, Dan, Dazaga, Ewondo, Fe'fe, Gude, Kamwe, Kasem, Kpelle, Kwanja, Lamnso', Lyélé, Mada (Nigeria), Makaa, Manengumba, Meta', Mofu-Gudur, Mundani, Ngas, Nuni, Parkwa, Accented Slovenian, Socoro, Tarok, Tedaga, Timne, Vengo, Vute, Yamba, Yom, Zulgo-Gemzek. It was used in the Zhuang language from 1957 to 1986. cf. Cyrillic: Ә ә
IPA ( open-mid front unrounded vowel ); Abidji, Adangme, Adele, Adioukrou, Agatu, Aghem, Ahanta, Aja (Benin), Akan, Akoose, Anii, Anufo, Anyin, Avatime, Ayizo Gbe, Baatonum, Bafia, Bafut, Baka (Cameroon), Baoulé, Bariba, Bambara, Bandi, Baoulé, Basa (Cameroon and Nigeria), Berber, Bhele, Bisa, Boko (Benin), Budu, Busa, Cerma, Cibak, Dagara, Dan, Dendi (Benin), Dii, Dinka, Duala, Dyula, Ewe, Ewondo, Gikyode, Igo, Ikposo, Kako, Kemezung, Kwanja, Lika, Lingala, Maasai, Mandi, Manenguba, Mangbetu, Mbelime, Medumba, Mundani, Nawdm, Ngiemboon, Ngomba, Noni, Nuer, Nyang, Pana, Pinyin language, Shilha, Tamazight, Tigon, Turka, Wuzlam, Yambasa, and Yoruba (Benin); cf. Greek: Ε ε
Closed reversed open E (closed reversed epsilon)
IPA (misprinted version of ɞ ( open-mid central rounded vowel ); alternative for œ )
Uralic Phonetic Alphabet; [2] IPA (legacy symbol, alternative to Ɜ ɜ )
Used in Norse and Old English contexts [3]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Used in a variety of phonetic contexts [3]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
IPA ( Voiced uvular stop ); UPA (partially devoiced velar stop); Superscript form is an IPA superscript letter [7]
letter for translating the Georgian letter გ
ExtIPA (upper pharyngeal stop) [12]
Used by William Pryce to designate the velar nasal (IPA: ŋ ) [3]
IPA ( voiced velar fricative ); Dagbani, Dinka, Ewe, Ikposo, Kabiyé, Kabyle, Kpelle, Tuareg, Wakhi cf. Greek: Γ γ
Epigraphic letter used in Roman inscriptions from the Roman provinces of Gaul [14]
Juhuri , Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology; [4] cf. Cyrillic: Ӈ ӈ
Turkish , Azerbaijani , and other Turkic languages; Thai transliteration
Latin long i /iː/ in epigraphic style
Epigraphic variant of I used in early medieval Celtic inscriptions [8]
IPA ( English near-close central unrounded vowel , or schwa (Oxford University Press dictionary convention))
Kelvin unit of measure temperature; character decomposition is a capital K
IPA (proposed symbol for velar click; withdrawn 1970 as articulation judged impossible)
IPA (proposed symbol for generic consonants); generic click phoneme [16] [13]
IPA ( velar lateral approximant ); UPA (voiced alveolar lateral)
Medieval Nordic consonant (IPA: /lː/ ) [9]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Used by William Pryce to designate the Welsh voiced lateral spirant (IPA: /ɬ/ ) [3]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
IPA ( uvular nasal ); UPA (voiceless alveolar nasal) [2]
UPA (voiceless velar nasal); cf. Cyrillic: И и
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Iñupiat, Northern and Skolt , IPA ( velar nasal ). It was used in the Zhuang language from 1957 to 1986.
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
ExtIPA (velodorsal nasal stop) [12]
Jakob Vetsch 's and Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
IPA ( open-mid back rounded vowel ). Used in African languages Aghem, Akan, Bafia, Baka, Bariba, Bambara, Baoulé, Bassa, Boko, Dii, Dinka, Duala, Dyula, Ewe, Ewondo, Ikposo, Kako, Kemezung, Kwanja, Lika, Lingala, Maasai, Mandi, Manenguba, Mangbetu, Mbelime, Medumba, Mundani, Nawdm, Ngiemboon, Ngomba, NAwdmNoni, Nuer, Nyang, Pana, Pinyin language, Tigon, Turka, Wuzlam, Yambasa, and Yoruba (Benin).
Otto Bremer 's phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
UPA (a back vowel of uncertain quality) [2]
Variant of r ; [9] [3] Used in Ormulum [11]
IPA ( uvular trill ); Old Norse, Alutiiq ; Superscript form is an IPA superscript letter [7]
IPA (nonstandard symbol for epiglottal trill ); Uralic Phonetic Alphabet. [2] cf. Cyrillic: Я я
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
IPA (obsolete symbol for voiceless uvular fricative ); Uralic Phonetic Alphabet [2]
Anthropos phonetic transcription system [4]
Otto Bremer ’s phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Anthropos phonetic transcription system [4]
Anthropos phonetic transcription system [4]
Otto Bremer's or Teuthonista phonetic transcription systems for German dialectology; [4] Dania transcription ; Swedish Dialect Alphabet
Otto Bremer's phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Medieval abbreviation; cf. the medical abbreviation ℞ [9]
Former letter of the English, German, Sorbian, and Latvian alphabets
Used for tau gallicum in Gaulish [10]
A letter used in the Zhuang language from 1957 to 1986 to indicate its second tone, cf. Cyrillic: Ꙅ ꙅ
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
IPA (obsolete: labialized voiceless postalveolar fricative ; modern: [ʃʷ] )
IPA (obsolete: syllabic retroflex approximant ; modern: [ɻ̩] )
Used by William Pryce to designate the voiceless dental fricative [θ]; [3] Used in Ormulum [11]
IPA (obsolete: tenuis dental click)
Used by Douglas Beach for a nasal click in his phonetic description of Khoekhoe [16] [13]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology; [4] Rousselot-Gilliéron transcription system for Gallo-Romance dialectology
Otto Bremer 's and Jakob Vetsch 's phonetic transcription systems for German dialectology [4]
Otto Bremer's phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
IPA ( labial-palatal approximant ); Dan / Gio orthography in Liberia; cf. Cyrillic: Ч ч
IPA ( Close back unrounded vowel ); Zhuang (1957–1986); cf. Cyrillic: Ш ш
IPA ( near-close near-back rounded vowel ); African languages Anii, Anyin, Foodo, Kabiyé, Konni, Lukpa, Tem, Yom; cf. Greek: Υ υ
IPA ( open-mid back unrounded vowel ); Ch'ol, Naninka, Northern Tepehuán, Temne, Wounaan
Used in linguistic transcriptions of Scots [23]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
X with long left leg and low right ring
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4]
X with long left leg with serif and breve
Teuthonista phonetic transcription system for German dialectology [4] The reference does not cite this letter and diacritic combination. [ citation needed ]
Otto Bremer 's phonetic transcription system for German dialectology; [4] Swedish Dialect Alphabet
IPA ( palatal lateral approximant ); Maltese (before 1946); Superscript form is an IPA superscript letter [7]
IPA (obsolete and nonstandard: labialized voiced alveolo-dental fricative ; modern: [ðʷ, zʷ]
UPA (partially devoiced alveolar fricative)
Medieval Nordic phoneme /v/ or /u/ [9]
Mayan ejective alveolar affricate /tsʼ/
A letter used in the Zhuang language from 1957 to 1986 to indicate its fifth tone
IPA; Canadian aboriginal orthographies
Glottal stop in some orthographies in Mexico and Nigeria
Letter representing glottal stop in the sinological tradition (this is not the same character as the middle dot punctuation mark) [25]
Used by Douglas Beach for a nasal click in his phonetic description of Khoekhoe [16] [13]
Retroflex click with retroflex hook
Aghem, Ahlon, Arammba, Awing, Baka, Bali (Adamawa), Bangolan, Basaa, Bekwarra, Berom, Bete-Bendi, Bribri, Burak, Busa (Mande), Cakfem-Mushere, Catalan, Dendi, Dii, Ditammari, Ebira, Emiliano-Romagnolo, Engenni, Etikwan, Ewe, Ewondo, French, Friulian, Galician, Gbari, Gokana, Hän, Hun-Saare, Hyam, Igede, Igbo, Italian, Izere, Izii, Jen, Jibu, Jukun Takum, Kako, Kaska, Kenyang, Kiowa, Kukele, Kwanja, Limbum, Lithuanian, Lokaa, Luba-Kasai, Mada, Mambila, Manenguba, Masai, Cross River Mbembe, Mbodomo, Medumba, Meta', Minagende, Mumuye, Mundani, Mwaghavul, Nateni , Navajo, Ndogo , Ngangam , Ngbaka, Ngas, Ngiemboon , Ngomba, Ninzo , Norwegian, Ntcham , Ogba, Okpela, Pinyin transliteration, Portuguese, Reshe, Scottish Gaelic, Sekani, Sena, Swedish , Tagish, Tarok, Tee, Tigon, Tutchone, Tyap, Ut-Ma'in, Vietnamese, Waama, Welsh, Western Frisian, Yoruba, and Zurich German (some spellings); Pe̍h-oē-jī, Taiwanese Romanization System
Afrikaans, Aghem, Ahlon, Arammba, Awing, Bafia, Bafut, Baka, Bangolan, Basaa, Bekwarra, Berom, Bete-Bendi, Blackfoot, Boko (Benin), Boikin, Bribri, Burak, Busa (Mande), Cakfem-Mushere, Chipewyan, Czech, Danish, Dendi, Dii, Ditammari, Duala, Dutch, Ebira, Ekajuk, Etikwan, Ewe, Ewondo, Faroese, Galician, Gadsup, Gbari, Gourmanchéma, Gunu, Hungarian, Ibani, Icelandic, Idoma, Igbo, Ikwere, Iñapari, Irigwe, Irish, Jibu, Jola-Fonyi, Jukun Takum, Kako, Kamwe, Karkar-Yuri, Kaska, Kemezung, Kiowa, Kutep, Kwanja, Kwasio, Lakota, Lingala, Lithuanian, Lycian transliteration, Mambila, Mandi, Manenguba, Masai, Cross River Mbembe, Mbelime, Mbodomo, Medumba, Miyobe, Mmaala, Mwaghavul, Nateni , Navajo, Ngangam , Ngiemboon , Ngomba, Nkonya , Nomaande , Noni , Norwegian, Ntcham , Nukna, Nyang, Nzime, Occitan, Ogba, Omaha-Ponca, Osage, Pana, Paasaal , Pinyin transliteration, Pongu, Portuguese, Proto-Indo-European, Pu-Xian Min, Reshe, Romanian, Sámi, Scottish Gaelic, Sekani, Sena , Seneca, Senoufo , Sisaala , Slovak, Accented Slovenian, Southern Balochi, Sokoro, Spanish, Sranan Tongo, Sursurunga, Tee, Tem, Tigon, Tongan, Tsuvadi, Tucano, Tunen, Tutchone, Tyap, Vai, Vietnamese, Walser, Wára, Welsh, Winnebago, Yaghnobi, Yambeta, Yambasa, Yangben, Yele, Yoruba, and Yurutí,; Pe̍h-oē-jī, Taiwanese Romanization System
Awing, Bangolan, Berber, Dutch, Emiliano-Romagnolo, Ewondo, French, Friulian, Frisian, Hän, Istro-Romanian, Jarai, Kako, Kaska, Kiowa, Kwanja, Accented Latvian, Lingala, Luxembourgian, Manenguba, Medumba, Mengleno-Romanian, Ngbaka Minagende, Ngiemboon , Norwegian, Nzime , Ogba, Old High German , Pana, Proto-Germanic, Portuguese, Pu-Xian Min, Romanian, Sámi, Serer , Tagish, Tigon, Turkish, Vietnamese, Walloon, Wels
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