Latin Bible

Latin Bible
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The Vulgate (**Biblia Sacra Vulgata**) is a
translation of the
original Hebrew and Greek books of the Bible into Latin. Traditionally,
this
version of the Bible is associated with the name of St.
Jerome, although not the entire Vulgate can be
attributed to him. Throughout the centuries the Vulgate has enjoyed
immense
popularity among Catholic Christians. Also, this Latin translation was
used as
a basis for important projects such as Luther&'s German translation.
Currently, a
slightly revised Nova Vulgata (also called Neo-Vulgata) is the edition
published by the Catholic Church. Other editions, however, still remain
in use.
It is also important to note that the Douay Rheims version of the
Bible, in its
many incarnations, is actually a translation of the Vulgate into
English. See also Interlinear Latin-English New Testament and
Pocket Latin New Testament

sic enim dilexit Deus mundum ut Filium suum
unigenitum daret
ut omnis qui credit in eum non pereat sed habeat vitam aeternam (Latin
Vulgate)
For God so loved the world, that he gave his only
begotten
Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have
everlasting
life. (KJV)
in principio erat Verbum et Verbum erat apud Deum
et Deus
erat Verbum (Latin Vulgate)
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was
with God,
and the Word was God. (NIV)
dicit ei Iesus ego sum via et veritas et vita nemo
venit ad
Patrem nisi per me (Latin Vulgate)
Jesus saith to him: I am the
way, and the
truth, and the life. No man cometh to the Father, but by me. ( Douay
Rheims )
euntes ergo docete omnes gentes baptizantes eos in
nomine
Patris et Filii et Spiritus Sancti (Latin Vulgate)
Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing
them in
the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: (KJV)
omnes enim peccaverunt et egent gloriam Dei (Latin
Vulgate)
For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of
God (NIV)
gratia enim estis salvati per fidem et hoc non ex
vobis Dei
enim donum est (Latin Vulgate)
For it is by grace you have been saved, through
faith – and
this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God – (NIV)
in principio creavit Deus caelum et terram (Latin
Vulgate)
In the beginning God created the heaven and the
earth. (KJV)
sed accipietis virtutem supervenientis Spiritus
Sancti in
vos et eritis mihi testes in Hierusalem et in omni Iudaea et Samaria
et usque ad ultimum terrae (Latin Vulgate)
"But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit
comes
on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem ,
and in all Judea and Samaria ,
and to the ends of the earth." (NIV)
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et utilis ad
docendum ad
arguendum ad corrigendum ad erudiendum in iustitia (Latin Vulgate)
All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and
is
profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction
in
righteousness: (KJV)
quia si confitearis in ore tuo Dominum Iesum et in
corde tuo
credideris quod Deus illum excitavit ex mortuis salvus eris (Latin
Vulgate)
If you declare with your mouth, "Jesus is Lord,"
and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will
be saved.

stipendia enim peccati mors gratia autem Dei vita
aeterna in
Christo Iesu Domino nostro (Latin Vulgate)
For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God
is
eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. (KJV)
Petrus vero ad illos paenitentiam inquit agite et
baptizetur
unusquisque vestrum in nomine Iesu Christi in remissionem peccatorum
vestrorum
et accipietis donum Sancti Spiritus (Latin Vulgate)
Peter replied, "Repent and be baptized, every one
of
you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And
you will
receive the gift of the Holy Spirit." (NIV)
quotquot autem receperunt eum dedit eis potestatem
filios
Dei fieri his qui credunt in nomine eius (Latin Vulgate)
Yet to all who did receive him, to those who
believed in his
name, he gave the right to become children of God – (NIV)
scimus autem quoniam diligentibus Deum omnia
cooperantur in
bonum his qui secundum propositum vocati sunt sancti (Latin Vulgate)
And we know that all things work together for good
to them
that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose.
(KJV)
erat lux vera quae inluminat omnem hominem
venientem in
mundum (Latin Vulgate)
The true light that gives light to everyone was
coming into
the world. (NIV)
et ait faciamus hominem ad imaginem et
similitudinem nostram
et praesit piscibus maris et volatilibus caeli et bestiis universaeque
terrae
omnique reptili quod movetur in terra (Latin Vulgate)
Then God said, "Let us make human beings in our
image,
in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the
birds
in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals, and over all
the
creatures that move along the ground." (NIV)
obsecro itaque vos fratres per misericordiam Dei
ut
exhibeatis corpora vestra hostiam viventem sanctam Deo placentem
rationabile
obsequium vestrum (Latin Vulgate)
Therefore, I urge you, brothers and sisters, in
view of
God's mercy, to offer your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and
pleasing to
God – this is true worship. (NIV)
commendat autem suam caritatem Deus in nos quoniam
cum adhuc
peccatores essemus Christus pro nobis mortuus est (Latin Vulgate)
But God demonstrates his own love for us in this:
While we
were still sinners, Christ died for us. (NIV)
et accedens Iesus locutus est eis dicens data est
mihi omnis
potestas in caelo et in terra (Latin
Vulgate)
And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All
power is
given unto me in heaven and in earth. (KJV)
respondit Iesus et dixit ei amen amen dico tibi
nisi quis
natus fuerit denuo non potest videre regnum Dei (Latin Vulgate)
Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you, no one can
see
the kingdom of God
without being born again." (NIV)
et dixit eis euntes in mundum universum praedicate
evangelium omni creaturae (Latin Vulgate)
And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world,
and preach
the gospel to every creature. (KJV)
fur non venit nisi ut furetur et mactet et perdat
ego veni
ut vitam habeant et abundantius habeant (Latin Vulgate)
The thief comes only to steal and kill and
destroy; I have
come that they may have life, and have it to the full. (NIV)
et Verbum caro factum est et habitavit in nobis et
vidimus
gloriam eius gloriam quasi unigeniti a Patre plenum gratiae et
veritatis (Latin
Vulgate)
The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among
us. We
have seen his glory, the glory of the one and only Son, who came from
the
Father, full of grace and truth. (NIV)
et non est in alio aliquo salus nec enim nomen
aliud est sub
caelo datum hominibus in quo oportet nos salvos fieri (Latin Vulgate)
"Salvation is found in no one else, for there is
no
other name given under heaven by which we must be saved." (NIV)
habe fiduciam in Domino ex toto corde tuo et ne
innitaris
prudentiae tuae (Latin Vulgate)
Trust in the LORD with all your heart and lean not
on your
own understanding (NIV)
ego enim scio cogitationes quas cogito super vos
ait Dominus
cogitationes pacis et non adflictionis ut dem vobis finem et patientiam
(Latin
Vulgate)
For I know the plans I have for you," declares the
LORD, "plans to prosper you and not to harm you, plans to give you hope
and a future. (NIV)
non ex operibus iustitiae quae fecimus nos sed
secundum suam
misericordiam salvos nos fecit per lavacrum regenerationis et
renovationis
Spiritus Sancti (Latin Vulgate)
He saved us, not because of righteous things we
had done,
but because of his mercy. He saved us through the washing of rebirth
and
renewal by the Holy Spirit (NIV)
et nolite conformari huic saeculo sed reformamini
in
novitate sensus vestri ut probetis quae sit voluntas (Latin Vulgate)
Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but
be
transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test
and
approve what God's will is – his good, pleasing and perfect will. (NIV)
non turbetur cor vestrum creditis in Deum et in me
credite
(Latin Vulgate)
"Do not let your hearts be troubled. Trust in God;
trust also in me." (NIV)
propterea sicut per unum hominem in hunc mundum
peccatum
intravit et per peccatum mors et ita in omnes homines mors pertransiit
in quo
omnes peccaverunt (Latin Vulgate)
Therefore, just as sin entered the world through
one man,
and death through sin, and in this way death came to all people,
because all
sinned – (NIV)
venite ad me omnes qui laboratis et onerati estis
et ego
reficiam vos (Latin Vulgate)
"Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened,
and I
will give you rest." (NIV)
iustificati igitur ex fide pacem habeamus ad Deum
per
Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum (Latin Vulgate)
Therefore, since we have been justified through
faith, we
have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ (NIV)
et creavit Deus hominem ad imaginem suam ad
imaginem Dei
creavit illum masculum et feminam creavit eos (Latin Vulgate)
So God created human beings in his own image, in
the image
of God he created them; male and female he created them. (NIV)
non enim erubesco evangelium virtus enim Dei est
in salutem
omni credenti Iudaeo primum et Graeco (Latin Vulgate)
I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is the
power of
God that brings salvation to everyone who believes: first to the Jew,
then to
the Gentile. (NIV)
si confiteamur peccata nostra fidelis est et
iustus ut
remittat nobis peccata et emundet nos ab omni iniquitate (Latin Vulgate)
If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just
and will
forgive us our sins and purify us from all unrighteousness. (NIV)
est autem fides sperandorum substantia rerum
argumentum non
parentum (Latin Vulgate)
Now faith is being sure of what we hope for and
certain of
what we do not see. (NIV)
nihil ergo nunc damnationis est his qui sunt in
Christo Iesu
qui non secundum carnem ambulant (Latin Vulgate)
Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those
who are in
Christ Jesus (NIV)
omnis enim quicumque invocaverit nomen Domini
salvus erit
(Latin Vulgate)
For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord
shall be
saved. (Douay-Rheims)
et cognoscetis veritatem et veritas liberabit vos
(Latin
Vulgate)
Then you will know the truth, and the truth will
set
you free. (NIV)
si diligitis me mandata mea servate (Latin Vulgate)
If you love me, keep my commands. (NIV)
spiritus est Deus et eos qui adorant eum in
spiritu et
veritate oportet adorare (Latin Vulgate)
God is spirit, and his worshipers must worship in
the
Spirit and in truth. (NIV)
omnia possum in eo qui me confortat (Latin Vulgate)
I can do all this through him who gives me
strength. (NIV)
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

^ Michael E. Stone The Literature of the Jewish People in the Period of the Second Temple and the Talmud: (2006) chapter 9 (“The Latin Translations”) by Benjamin Kedar "Traces of Jewish Traditions - Since all indications point to the fact that the OL is not the product of a single effort, the question arises whether strands of pristine translations, or at least early interpretative traditions can be detected in it. ...

A priori one may feel entitled to presume that Jewish Bible translations into Latin existed in relatively early times. It had been the custom of the Jews before the period under review to translate biblical books into their vernacular; such translations, sometimes made orally but frequently also written down, were needed for public reading in the synagogue and for the instruction of the young. Indeed, a number of scholars are inclined to believe that the OL has at its base pre-Christian translations made from the Hebrew. The proofs they adduce are, however, far from conclusive. Isolated linguistic or exegetic points of contact with Jewish idioms or targumic renderings do not necessarily prove a direct connection between the ol, or its early sections, and Jewish traditions."

^ Helmut Köster Introduction to the New Testament 2 2000 p34 "An early witness for the African text of the Vetus Latina is Codex Palatinus 1 1 85 (siglum "e") from the 5th century, a gospel codex with readings closely related to the quotations in Cyprian and Augustine."

^ Gaertner, JA (1956), "Latin verse translations of the psalms 1500–1620", Harvard Theological Review , 49 (4): 271–305, doi : 10.1017/S0017816000028303 . Includes list: Latin metrical translations of books of the Bible other than the psalms by author and year of f1rst edition (1494–1621);

^ Gaertner, J. A Latin verse translations of the psalms 1500-1620. Harvard Theological Review 49 1956. "A good example of such a buried and forgotten literary genre is offered by the multitude of metrical Bible translations into Latin that appeared during the :6th century and after a hundred years ceased to exist as abruptly as it had..."

^ Grant, WL Neo-Latin verse translations of the Bible. Harvard Theological Review 52 1959

^ Hugues Vaganay, Les Traductions du psautier en vers latins au XVie siecle, Freiburg, 1898

^ Ed. S. L. Greenslade The Cambridge History of the Bible, Volume 3: The West from the Reformation to the Present Day 1975 p.70 “The hebraist Sebastian Münster of Basle departed from the extreme literalism of Pagnini in his own Latin version of the Old Testament: he left aside the New Testament. While it 'did not depart by a nail's breadth from the Hebrew verity', this version was written in better Latin: it accompanied the Hebrew text of Münster referred to above. It appeared in 1535 in two folio volumes and was reprinted in quarto size in 1539 accompanied by the Complutensian version of the Apocrypha and by Erasmus's Latin New Testament, and then again in its original form in 1546. This version gave an impetus to Old Testament study similar to that which Erasmus had given to the study of the New Testament…”

^ Ed. S. L. Greenslade The Cambridge History of the Bible, Volume 3: The West from the Reformation to the Present Day 1975 p.62 “Calvin's successor at Geneva, Théodore de Bèze (Beza), was the editor of the next important edition of the Greek New Testament, which appeared in 1565 (his own Latin version had been printed in 1557) and went through many editions in folio and octavo, accompanied in the larger size by his own Latin version; the Vulgate and full annotations are included.”

^ Buisson, Ferdinand (1892). "Les deux traductions de la Bible, en latin (1550) en français (1555)". Sébastien Castellion, sa vie et son oeuvre (1515-1563) : étude sur les origines du protestantisme libéral français (in French). Paris: Librairie Hachette. p. 294 . Retrieved 2020-05-25 .

^ Gueunier, Nicole (2008). "Le Cantique des cantiques dans la Bible Latine de Castellion" . In Gomez-Géraud, Marie-Christine (ed.). Biblia (in French). Presses Paris Sorbonne. p. 148. ISBN 9782840505372 .

^ Ed. S. L. Greenslade The Cambridge History of the Bible, Volume 3: The West from the Reformation to the Present Day 1975 p.71-72

^ Ed. S. L. Greenslade The Cambridge History of the Bible, Volume 3: The West from the Reformation to the Present Day 1975 p.72

^ Ed. S. L. Greenslade The Cambridge History of the Bible, Volume 3: The West from the Reformation to the Present Day 1975 p.167 “The latter, to which they probably resorted more than to any other single book, contained (in the later editions which they used) Tremellius's Latin version of the Hebrew Old Testament with a commentary, Junius's Latin of the Apocrypha, Tremellius's Latin of the Syriac New Testament and Beza's Latin of the Greek New Testament.”

^ Vulgate, Revision of , Catholic Encyclopedia article.

^ Novum Testamentum Latine , 1984, "Praefatio in editionem primam".

The Bible translations into Latin are the versions used in the Western part of the former Roman Empire until the Reformation and still used, along with translations from Latin into the vernacular , in the Roman Catholic Church .

The large Jewish diaspora in the Second Temple period made use of vernacular translations of the Hebrew Bible ; including the Aramaic Targum and Greek Septuagint . Though there is no certain evidence of a pre-Christian Latin translation of the Hebrew Bible, some scholars have suggested that Jewish congregations in Rome and the Western part of the Roman Empire may have used Latin translations of fragments of the Hebrew Bible. [1]

The earliest known translations into Latin consist of a number of piecework translations during the early Church period. Collectively, these versions are known as the Vetus Latina and closely follow the Greek Septuagint . The Septuagint was the usual source for these anonymous translators, and they reproduce its variations from the Hebrew Masoretic Text . They were never rendered independently from the Hebrew or Greek; they vary widely in readability and quality, and contain many solecisms in idiom, some by the translators themselves, others from literally translating Greek language idioms into Latin. [2]

Earlier translations were made mainly obsolete by St. Jerome 's Vulgate version of the Bible.

Apart from full Old Testaments, there are more versions of the Psalms only, three of them by Jerome, one from the Hexapla , and one from the Hebrew. Other main versions include the Versio ambrosiana (" Ambrosian version") and the Versio Piana ("version of Pius " ). See the main Vulgate article for a comparison of Psalm 94 .

Metrical Latin Bible translations are primarily Psalm paraphrases, or paraphrases of Song of Songs, Lamentations, [3] in Latin verse which appeared in the 16th century, then abruptly disappeared. [4] [5] [6]

In 1527, Xanthus Pagninus produced his Veteris et Novi Testamenti nova translatio , notable for its literal rendering of the Hebrew. This version was also the first to introduce verse numbers in the New Testament, although the system used here did not become widely adopted; the system used in Robertus Stephanus 's Vulgate would later become the standard for dividing the New Testament.

In the Protestant Reformation , several new Latin translations were produced:

In 1907 Pope Pius X proposed that the Latin text of the Vulgate be recovered using the principles of textual criticism as a basis for a new official translation of the Bible into Latin. [14] This revision ultimately led to the Nova Vulgata issued by Pope John Paul II in 1979. [15]

Sic enim dilexit Deus mundum, ut Filium suum unigenitum daret, ut omnis qui credit in eum non pereat, sed habeat vitam æternam.

Ita enim Deus dilexit mundum, ut Filium suum unigenitum illum dederit, ut quisquis credit in eum, non pereat, sed habeat vitam æternam.

Sic enim amavit Deus mundum, ut filium suum unicum dederit, ut quisquis in eum credat, non pereat, sed vitam obtineat sempiternam.

Sic enim dilexit Deus mundum, ut Filium suum unigenitum daret, ut omnis, qui credit in eum, non pereat, sed habeat vitam aeternam.

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