Latex Subsection
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\documentclass { article }
\usepackage { blindtext }
\title { Sections and Chapters }
\author { Overleaf }
\date { \today }
\begin { document }
\maketitle
\section { Introduction }
This is the first section.
\blindtext
\section { Second Section }
This is the second section
\blindtext
\end { document }
\documentclass { article }
\usepackage { blindtext }
\title { Sections and Chapters }
\author { Overleaf }
\date { \today }
\begin { document }
\maketitle
\section* { Introduction }
This is the first section.
\blindtext
\section* { Second Section }
This is the second section
\blindtext
\end { document }
\addcontentsline { toc }{ section }{ Title of the section }
\documentclass { article }
\title { Sections and Chapters }
\author { Overleaf }
\date { \today }
\begin { document }
\maketitle
\tableofcontents
\newcommand\shortlorem { Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. }
\section { Introduction }
This is the first section (numbered).
\shortlorem
\addcontentsline { toc }{ section }{ Unnumbered Section }
\section* { Unnumbered Section }
An unnumbered section
\shortlorem
\section { Second section }
The second numbered section.
\shortlorem
\end { document }
\documentclass { report }
\title { Sections and Chapters }
\author { Overleaf }
\date { \today }
\begin { document }
\maketitle
\tableofcontents
\chapter { An Introduction to Lua \TeX }
\section { What is it—and what makes it so different? }
Lua \TeX {} is a \textit { toolkit } —it contains sophisticated software tools and components with which you can construct (typeset) a wide range of documents. The sub-title of this article also poses two questions about Lua \TeX : What is it—and what makes it so different? The answer to “What is it?” may seem obvious: “It’s a \TeX {} typesetting engine!” Indeed it is, but a broader view, and one to which this author subscribes, is that Lua \TeX {} is an extremely versatile \TeX -based document construction and engineering system.
\subsection { Explaining Lua \TeX : Where to start? }
The goal of this first article on Lua \TeX {} is to offer a context for understanding what this TeX engine provides and why/how its design enables users to build/design/create a wide range of solutions to complex typesetting and design problems—perhaps also offering some degree of “future proofing”
\chapter { Lua \TeX : Background and history }
\section { Introduction }
Lua \TeX {} is, in \TeX {} terms, “the new kid on the block” despite having been in active development for over 10 years.
\subsection { Lua \TeX : Opening up \TeX ’s “black box” }
Knuth’s original \TeX {} program is the common ancestor of all modern \TeX {} engines in use today and Lua \TeX {} is, in effect, the latest evolutionary step: derived from the pdf \TeX {} program but with the addition of some powerful software components which bring a great deal of extra functionality.
\end { document }
\documentclass { book }
\title { Sections and Chapters }
\author { Overleaf }
\date { \today }
\begin { document }
\maketitle
\tableofcontents
\part { History of Lua \TeX }
\chapter { An Introduction to Lua \TeX }
\section { What is it—and what makes it so different? }
Lua \TeX {} is a \textit { toolkit } —it contains sophisticated software tools and components with which you can construct (typeset) a wide range of documents. The sub-title of this article also poses two questions about Lua \TeX : What is it—and what makes it so different? The answer to “What is it?” may seem obvious: “It’s a \TeX {} typesetting engine!” Indeed it is, but a broader view, and one to which this author subscribes, is that Lua \TeX {} is an extremely versatile \TeX -based document construction and engineering system.
\subsection { Explaining Lua \TeX : Where to start? }
The goal of this first article on Lua \TeX {} is to offer a context for understanding what this TeX engine provides and why/how its design enables users to build/design/create a wide range of solutions to complex typesetting and design problems—perhaps also offering some degree of “future proofing”
\chapter { Lua \TeX : Background and history }
\section { Introduction }
Lua \TeX {} is, in \TeX {} terms, “the new kid on the block” despite having been in active development for over 10 years.
\subsection { Lua \TeX : Opening up \TeX ’s “black box” }
Knuth’s original \TeX {} program is the common ancestor of all modern \TeX {} engines in use today and Lua \TeX {} is, in effect, the latest evolutionary step: derived from the pdf \TeX {} program but with the addition of some powerful software components which bring a great deal of extra functionality.
\subsubsection { How Lua \TeX {} processes \texttt { \string\directlua } : A first look }
The ⟨code⟩ provided to \verb | \directlua { } | is first converted to tokens using the processes and calculations discussed above; that sequence of tokens is stored in a token list.
\end { document }
\documentclass [a4paper,12pt] { book }
\usepackage [T1] { fontenc }
\usepackage { titlesec }
\titleformat
{ \chapter } % command
[display] % shape
{ \bfseries\Large\itshape } % format
{ Story No. \ \thechapter } % label
{ 0.5ex } % sep
{
\rule { \textwidth }{ 1pt }
\vspace { 1ex }
\centering
} % before-code
[
\vspace { -0.5ex } %
\rule { \textwidth }{ 0.3pt }
] % after-code
\titleformat { \section } [wrap]
{ \normalfont\bfseries }
{ \thesection . }{ 0.5em }{}
\titlespacing { \section }{ 12pc }{ 1.5ex plus .1ex minus .2ex }{ 1pc }
\begin { document }
\chapter { Let's begin }
\section { First Attempt }
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut
enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris...
\section { Second attempt }
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut
enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris...
\end { document }
\titleformat { } [] { }{ }{ }{ } []
\titlespacing { }{ }{ }{ }
Documents usually have some form of “logical structure”: division into chapters, sections, sub-sections etc. to organize its content. LaTeX supports the creation of a document structure and also enables customization of sectioning and numbering. The commands available to organize a document depend on the document class being used, although the simplest form of organization, sectioning, is available in all formats.
Let’s begin with a basic example to demonstrate the \section{ section title } command, which marks the beginning of a new section called section title . Section numbering is automatic and can be customized, or disabled.
This example produces the following output:
LaTeX can organize, number, and index chapters and sections of document. There are up to 7 levels of depth for defining sections depending on the document class:
Usually, \section is the top-level document command in most documents. However, in reports or books, and similar long documents, this would be \chapter or \part .
To get an unnumbered chapter, section, subsection, etc. add an asterisk ( * ) at the end of the command, before the opening curly brace. These will not go into the table of contents. Here is our first example (above) but this time using \section* instead of \section :
This example produces the following output:
To add an unnumbered section to the table of contents, use the \addcontentsline command like this:
Here is an example using \addcontentsline but see the article Table of contents for further information and examples.
This example produces the following output:
As mentioned before, \chapter can be used in books and reports.
Below you can see an example report using text taken the Overleaf article An Introduction to LuaTeX (Part 1): What is it—and what makes it so different?
This example produces the following output—here we show pages 2–4, where the page images have been overlapped to ease presentation:
The following example reproduces text from the report example but with \documentclass{book} , containing parts, chapters, sections, subsections and sub-subsections. If you open the example in Overleaf you should see that sub-subsections produced by \subsubsection are not numbered. That is by design of the book class: if you want to change this behavior, add the following command to your document preamble:
You can use the titlesec package to customize chapters, sections and subsections style in an easy way.
This example produces the following output:
where [] and [] are optional parameters, and:
The starred version of this command ( \titlespacing* ) kills the indentation of the paragraph following the title.
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9 years, 2 months ago
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Related: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/30997/more-section-headings
– egreg
Jun 17 '12 at 22:23
There seems to be a problem with the first answer below (see comment on that answer) - it doesn't quite work. Does anyone have any ideas? I really need to sort the numbering for my report out soon before it goes to my supervisor!
– robintw
Jul 3 '12 at 17:29
What kind of document requires this many levels of headings?
– mrf
Jul 3 '12 at 20:48
@mrf One example: Documents a person writes for themselves to keep track of what they've learned. My thesis (master's) adviser teaches so much so much so fast - or I'm that slow - that I forget it quickly. The best way for me to retain what he taught is to type it up - which is how he advised me to work with him when we started. To quickly locate parts of the document, my subsubsections have subsections and subsubsections. Then I use package hyperref to create an index so I can find them quickly. But note that I type really fast (and can learn LaTeX somewhat fast).
– Jeff
Aug 16 '13 at 17:00
This seems like something quite a few people are into; is there any plan to develop a command which copies the style of a section level to a different level. \newsectionstyle[\subsubsection][4]{\subsubsubsection} \renewsectionstyle[\subsubsection]{\paragraph} or something along those lines. I understand that more powerful commands exist, but this specific feature seems to have gotten a large number of views and may be something to which a very basic user would like easy access.
– kando
Jul 17 '15 at 14:24
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@robintw You have to say \newcounter{subsubsubsection}[subsubsection] so that the new counter is bound to the subsubsection counter.
– egreg
Jul 3 '12 at 17:34
I like the solution a lot! This should be a package with options, such as [compact] of the titlesec package (since it is a required package). How do I reference the new subsubsubsection? I use the cleveref package and it can't determine the label type ("section"), so it produces two ?? instead of "section 1.1.1.1".
– Erik
Jun 24 '14 at 14:03
@Frankenstein Change the \def\l@subsubsubsection{...} lines to \def\l@subsubsubsection{\@dottedtocline{4}{9em}{4em}} \def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{12em}{5em}} \def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{6}{15em}{6em}} choose the second and third arguments appropriately.
– Gonzalo Medina
Sep 12 '15 at 1:52
@Frankenstein \l@ is the command in charge of typesetting entries of type in a list such as the ToC, the LoF, the LoT. \@dottedtocline is a kernel command producing the actual entry format (number, title/caption, leading dots, page number). First argument: level for ; second argument indentation from the left margin; third argument: space reserved for the number.
– Gonzalo Medina
Sep 12 '15 at 2:32
I tried this, but it suppresses all section numbers throughout my document! Could it be related to the specific document class I'm using for a journal paper? It's one from Springer: \documentclass[smallextended]{svjour3} .
– dinosaur
Feb 13 '17 at 23:21
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Could you please tell us how we can make the font, say, italic?
– Herpes Free Engineer
Mar 14 '18 at 20:36
@KutalmisBercin - Should it be "just" italic, or should it be bold and italic? Please advise.
– Mico
Mar 14 '18 at 20:42
@KutalmisBercin - In the \renewcommand instruction, change \bfseries to \itshape .
– Mico
Mar 14 '18 at 20:55
Don't how to make an extra vote up; hence, many thanks.
– Herpes Free Engineer
Mar 14 '18 at 21:03
@JonathanLandrum - Many thanks for your very nice compliment! It's much appreciated. :-)
– Mico
Jul 28 '20 at 18:04
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That's not really a good solution. It does not provide an optional argument for \subsubsubection but allows a page break immediately after the heading. Do not use this! Instead use one of the solutions from the answers above, if your class does not provide its own interface for defining such commands. The solutions are less complicated than you may think.
– Schweinebacke
Apr 13 '17 at 10:59
Nevertheless, for me this solution worked better than either of those above. The solution by Gonzalo Medina caused side effects like removing numbering from the PDF table of contents. I was already using paragraphs and wanted them to retain the default formatting, so Mico's solution was not ideal. Furthermore the mentioned deficiencies of Daniel's solution didn't apply: I wasn't using the optional argument of \subsubsubsection , and I was already having to work around the fact that the default heuristics to avoid page breaks after headings don't work reliably.
– Daira Hopwood
Jul 13 '17 at 10:10
@Daira I think if you simply change \setcounter{tocdepth}{6} , paragraphs will be numbered in the table of contents. I don't think this is a flaw of Gonzalo Medina's solution, you just need to change a few numbers in his code.
– Miranda
Feb 13 '19 at 7:21
Maybe not most elegant, but practical. Thanks
– Horbaje
Mar 11 '20 at 14:28
@Horbaje - Any purported solution that permits serious typographic malpractice -- such as allowing a page break immediately after the sectioning header, without issuing even a whimper of a warning -- should not be labelled "practical". "Dangerous" and "asking for trouble" would be more suitable adjectives, for sure.
– Mico
Jul 28 '20 at 18:08
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Just to offer an actual example that I have laying around in my computer, please refer to section 17.5.16.3.2.2.1. (Continuous Phase) of the ANSYS Fluent Theory Guide =)
– JorgeGT
Mar 27 '18 at 20:20
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If you're using the KOMA class, you could use the jura package which provides for great flexibility in sub-sectioning.
– user26732
Aug 14 at 8:53
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Latex Subsection
