Latex Spacing

Latex Spacing

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To double space a LaTeX document, you should include the line
Before your \begin{document} command,
will make the text of the whole document double spaced. Footnotes, figures, and tables will still be singlespaced, however. For one-and-a-half spacing, instead use the command
In order to make a part of the text of your document singlespaced, you can put:
at the beginning of the text you want singlespaced, and
You can also set the spacing to be something other than doublespaced; for
example, if you wanted to have one-and-a-quarter spacing between lines,
use the line
before your \begin{document} command, and after the \usepackage{setspace} line.
There is another package, called "doublespace" which will usually work exactly the same way as setspace. However, it interacts poorly with some graphics packages.

[LaTeX] Spacing category: Writing | course: LaTeX | difficulty:

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These lists are great, but it’s possible that you want different amounts of space between items, or more horizontal distance between label and item text. Similarly, paragraphs can sometimes be too close to each other or too far apart for your liking. There’s countless more commands that have a default amount of space, or default length, attached to certain properties – and, as expected, you can change these easily.
When specifying some kind of length, you can’t just provide a number. You need to add a unit that gives meaning to that number. These units are supported:
Lengths may be negative, and 0 needs a unit as well.
These units can just be added directly behind the number.
White space can be added either horizontally or vertically .
The \hfill command fills the rest of the current line with white space. Alternatively, the \dotfill command fills it with dots, and \hrulefill with a rule.
The \hspace*{ length } command adds length amount of white space in the current line. By default, LaTeX removes white spaces after a line break. The optional parameter * overrides this behaviour, and makes LaTeX keep inserting space over a line break.
The commands \enskip , \quad and \qquad are shortcuts for adding half an em, one em, or two ems of horizontal white space, respectively.
The \vfill command fills the rest of the current page with white space. The \vspace*{ length } adds length amount of white space to the current page.
The \addvspace{ length } command also adds length amount of white space – but, if there’s already some other command adding vertical white space, it will only add that amount that is necessary to bring the total vspace to length . This is useful, for example, if you want to distribute a fixed amount of whitespace over mulitple areas - pick some amounts for all areas, but use this command at the last one to make sure everything adds up to your fixed amount.
Lastly, the \smallskip , \medskip and \b igskip commands are shortcuts for adding small, medium and big amounts of vertical white space.
Alternatively, the \smallbreak , \medbreak and \b igbreak commands do the same, but automatically terminate the paragraph for you, and mark good places for LaTeX to break the page.
Indenting a paragraph means adding some horizontal space to the left of the first line only. To indent a paragraph, use \indent . To prevent indentation, use \noindent .
Line spacing refers to the white space between two lines underneath each other.
To change this for the whole document, use \linespread{ factor } . Here, a factor of 1 means regular line spacing, while 1.3 means one-and-a-half line spacing, and 1.6 double spacing. Confusing, I know.
Alternatively, you can use the package setspace . It provides the commands
\doublespacing
\onehalfspacing
\singlespacing
\setstretch{ stretchFactor }
These influence everything from the moment they are used, until another command is used.
Furthermore, the following environments are available to change line spacing on (small) parts:
doublespace
onehalfspace
singlespace
spacing{ stretchFactor }
You can't change line spacing halfway a paragraph. If you don't start a new paragraph before using this command, the whole paragraph you're currently in will change its line spacing.
We’ve already seen the \\ command to force a line break. We can use it with an optional parameter, \\[ extra space ] , to set a custom line spacing between the current and next line.
Another way to force a line break is with the \b reak command. But, it doesn’t fill the rest of the line with white space, which means words will have large spaces between them to keep the text justified.

\documentclass { article }
\usepackage { amssymb }
\begin { document }
Assume we have the next sets
\[
S = \{ z \in \mathbb {C} \, | \, |z| < 1 \} \quad \textrm {and} \quad S_ 2 = \partial {S}
\]
\end { document }

\documentclass { article }
\usepackage { amsmath }
\begin { document }
Spaces in mathematical mode.

\begin { align* }
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \! +3x \! +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2+3x+2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \, +3x \, +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \: +3x \: +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \; +3x \; +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \ +3x \ +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \quad +3x \quad +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \qquad +3x \qquad +2
\end { align* }
\end { document }

\begin { align* }
3ax+4by=5cz \\
3ax<4by+5cz
\end { align* }

\begin { align* }
34x ^ 2a \mathbin { \# } 13bc \\
34x ^ 2a \mathrel { \# } 13bc
\end { align* }

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This article explains how to insert spaces of different widths in math mode.

Adjusting (La)TeX's default math mode spacing can be useful in certain situations; let's see an example:

This example produces the following output:

As you see in this example, a mathematical text can be explicitly spaced by means of some special commands.

The example below contains a complete list of spaces inserted using various commands and demonstrates their effect on the typeset math.

This example produces the following output:

Check the reference guide for a description of the commands.

Note : to see a description of the align* environment see Aligning equations with amsmath

Spacing around operators and relations in math mode are governed by specific skip widths:

This example produces the following output:

For relational operators, such as < , > and = , L a T e X establishes \thickmuskip space. But for binary operators such as + , − and × , the \medmuskip space is set. The difference is almost unnoticeable.

You can force the spacing used in binary or relational operators, so you can define your own .

This example produces the following output:

The previous example sets a particular spacing before and after # by using \mathrel (relational) and \mathbin (binary) commands.

Have you checked our knowledge base ?
Message sent! Our team will review it and reply by email.
space equal to the current font size (= 18 mu )

\documentclass { article }
\usepackage { amssymb }
\begin { document }
Assume we have the next sets
\[
S = \{ z \in \mathbb {C} \, | \, |z| < 1 \} \quad \textrm {and} \quad S_ 2 = \partial {S}
\]
\end { document }

\documentclass { article }
\usepackage { amsmath }
\begin { document }
Spaces in mathematical mode.

\begin { align* }
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \! +3x \! +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2+3x+2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \, +3x \, +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \: +3x \: +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \; +3x \; +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \ +3x \ +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \quad +3x \quad +2 \\
f(x) & = x ^ 2 \qquad +3x \qquad +2
\end { align* }
\end { document }

\begin { align* }
3ax+4by=5cz \\
3ax<4by+5cz
\end { align* }

\begin { align* }
34x ^ 2a \mathbin { \# } 13bc \\
34x ^ 2a \mathrel { \# } 13bc
\end { align* }

We only use cookies for essential purposes and to improve your experience on our site. You can find out more in our cookie policy .
Essential cookies only Accept all cookies
This article explains how to insert spaces of different widths in math mode.

Adjusting (La)TeX's default math mode spacing can be useful in certain situations; let's see an example:

This example produces the following output:

As you see in this example, a mathematical text can be explicitly spaced by means of some special commands.

The example below contains a complete list of spaces inserted using various commands and demonstrates their effect on the typeset math.

This example produces the following output:

Check the reference guide for a description of the commands.

Note : to see a description of the align* environment see Aligning equations with amsmath

Spacing around operators and relations in math mode are governed by specific skip widths:

This example produces the following output:

For relational operators, such as < , > and = , L a T e X establishes \thickmuskip space. But for binary operators such as + , − and × , the \medmuskip space is set. The difference is almost unnoticeable.

You can force the spacing used in binary or relational operators, so you can define your own .

This example produces the following output:

The previous example sets a particular spacing before and after # by using \mathrel (relational) and \mathbin (binary) commands.

Have you checked our knowledge base ?
Message sent! Our team will review it and reply by email.
space equal to the current font size (= 18 mu )

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