Latex Including
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\includeonly{ % in document preamble
...
filename ,
...
}
...
\include{ filename } % in document body
\documentclass{book}
\includeonly{
preamble,
articles,
amendments
}
\begin{document}
\include{preamble}
\include{articles}
\include{amendments}
\end{document}
\chapter{Preamble}
We the People of the United States,
in Order to form a more perfect Union, ...
\documentclass{book}
\includeonly{
chapters/chap1,
}
\begin{document}
\include{chapters/chap1}
\end{document}
\documentclass{book}
\includeonly{
"amo\space amas\space amat"
}
\begin{document}
\include{"amo\space amas\space amat"}
\end{document}
\documentclass{book}
\includeonly{
{"amo amas amat"}
}
\begin{document}
\include{{"amo amas amat"}}
\end{document}
Bring material from the external file filename .tex into a
LaTeX document.
The \include command does three things: it executes
\clearpage (see \clearpage & \cleardoublepage ), then it
inputs the material from filename .tex into the document,
and then it does another \clearpage . This command can only
appear in the document body.
The \includeonly command controls which files will be read by
LaTeX under subsequent \include commands. Its list of
filenames is comma-separated. It must appear in the preamble or even
earlier, e.g., the command line; it can’t appear in the document body.
This example root document, constitution.tex , brings in
three files, preamble.tex , articles.tex , and
amendments.tex .
The file preamble.tex contains no special code; you have just
excerpted the chapter from consitution.tex and put it in a
separate file just for editing convenience.
Running LaTeX on constitution.tex makes the material from the
three files appear in the document but also generates the auxiliary
files preamble.aux , articles.aux , and
amendments.aux . These contain information such as page numbers
and cross-references (see Cross references ). If you now comment out
\includeonly ’s lines with preamble and amendments
and run LaTeX again then the resulting document shows only the
material from articles.tex , not the material from
preamble.tex or amendments.tex . Nonetheless, all of the
auxiliary information from the omitted files is still there, including
the starting page number of the chapter.
If the document preamble does not have \includeonly then
LaTeX will include all the files you call for with \include
commands.
The \include command makes a new page. To avoid that, see
\input (which, however, does not retain the auxiliary
information).
See Larger book template , for another example using \include
and \includeonly . That example also uses \input for some
material that will not necessarily start on a new page.
To make your document portable across distributions and platforms you
should avoid spaces in the file names. The tradition is to instead use
dashes or underscores. Nevertheless, for the name ‘ amo amas amat ’,
this works under TeX Live on GNU/Linux:
and this works under MiKTeX on Windows:
You cannot use \include inside a file that is being included or
you get ‘ LaTeX Error: \include cannot be nested. ’ The
\include command cannot appear in the document preamble; you will
get ‘ LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document} ’.
If a file that you \include does not exist, for instance if you
\include{athiesm} but you meant \include{atheism} ,
then LaTeX does not give you an error but will warn you ‘ No file
athiesm.tex. ’ (It will also create athiesm.aux .)
If you \include the root file in itself then you first get
‘ LaTeX Error: Can be used only in preamble. ’ Later runs get
‘ TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [text input levels=15] ’. To fix
this, you must remove the inclusion \include{ root } but
also delete the file root .aux and rerun LaTeX.
\documentclass [11pt,a4paper,oneside,onecolumn]{article}
\usepackage {amsmath,amssymb,harvard}
\renewcommand { \labelenumii }{( \roman {enumii})}
\renewcommand { \labelenumiii }{( \alph {enumiii})}
\renewcommand { \labelenumiv }{( \roman {enumiv})}
\lstset {basicstyle= \footnotesize ,language=HTML}
\lstinputlisting {.. \code \filename .R}
\lstinputlisting [float,caption=A floating example,label=R10]{R10.m}
\lstset {basicstyle= \small \ttfamily , basewidth=0.51em}.
\begin {lstlisting}[label=myCoolListing]
\newcommand { \code }[1]{source code \ref {#1}}
\begin {lstlisting}[firstnumber=3,numbers=left]
\displaysourcecodesection [1-3,10-12]{ section of code here }
\definecolor {lightgrey}{rgb}{0.9,0.9,0.9}
\definecolor {darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
otherkeywords={$, \ {, \ }, \ [, \ ]},
backgroundcolor= \color {lightgrey}}
set xlabel "Particle Velocity (cm/{/Symbol \155 }S)" font "Helvetica,18" offset char 0, char -1
\documentclass {article} % Single-side
\usepackage {setspace} % for setting line spacing
\usepackage {listings} % For source code snippets.
basicstyle={ \singlespacing , \ttfamily },
keywordstyle= \color {blue} \ttfamily ,
stringstyle= \color {red} \ttfamily ,
commentstyle= \color {green} \ttfamily ,
morecomment=[l][ \color {magenta}]{ \ #}
void TRANSMIT_START(unsigned char *buffer, char length);
basicstyle={ \singlespacing \ttfamily },
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First include the “listings”-package into your document:
\usepackage{listings}
Basics
Now you have basically two possibilities. Either you type/copy your source code directly into the Latex document:
\begin{lstlisting}
place your source code here
\end{lstlisting}
The other possibility is to directly include the source file:
\lstinputlisting{filename.java}
This is particularly useful if you are still editing your source code. Obviously, Latex will always include the latest version of the source while generating the PDF-file.
The listings package does not only support java source code, but there is an exhaustive list of languages which are known to the package:
ABAP (R/2 4.3, R/2 5.0, R/3 3.1, R/3 4.6C, R/3 6.10), ACSL Ada (83, 95), Algol (60, 68), Ant, Assembler (x86masm), Awk (gnu, POSIX), bash, Basic (Visual), C (ANSI, Handel, Objective, Sharp), C++ (ANSI, GNU, ISO, Visual), Caml (light, Objective), Clean, Cobol (1974, 1985, ibm), Comal 80, csh, Delphi, Eiffel, Elan, erlang, Euphoria, Fortran (77, 90, 95), GCL, Gnuplot, Haskell, HTML, IDL (empty, CORBA), inform, Java (empty, AspectJ), JVMIS, ksh, Lisp (empty, Auto), Logo, make (empty, gnu), Mathematica (1.0, 3.0), Matlab, Mercury, MetaPost, Miranda, Mizar, ML, Modula-2, MuPAD, NASTRAN, Oberon-2, OCL (decorative, OMG), Octave, Oz, Pascal (Borland6, Standard, XSC), Perl,PHP, PL/I,Plasm, POV,Prolog, Promela,Python, R,Reduce, Rexx,RSL, Ruby, S (empty, PLUS), SAS, Scilab, sh, SHELXL, Simula (67, CII, DEC, IBM), SQL, tcl (empty, tk), TeX (AlLaTeX, common, LaTeX, plain, primitive), VBScript, Verilog, VHDL (empty, AMS), VRML (97), XML, XSLT.
You can customise the way how your code is displayed by using:
\lstset{...}
The following is a list of parameters, which can be used inside the previous command
language=Octave -> choose the language of the code
basicstyle=\footnotesize -> the size of the fonts used for the code
numbers=left -> where to put the line-numbers
numberstyle=\footnotesize -> size of the fonts used for the line-numbers
stepnumber=2 -> the step between two line-numbers.
numbersep=5pt -> how far the line-numbers are from the code
backgroundcolor=\color{white} -> sets background color (needs package)
showspaces=false -> show spaces adding particular underscores
showstringspaces=false -> underline spaces within strings
showtabs=false -> show tabs within strings through particular underscores
frame=single -> adds a frame around the code
tabsize=2 -> sets default tab-size to 2 spaces
captionpos=b -> sets the caption-position to bottom
breaklines=true -> sets automatic line breaking
breakatwhitespace=false -> automatic breaks happen at whitespace
morecomment=[l]{//} -> displays comments in italics (language dependent)
If you are using several parameters, they have to be separated by commas.
Example:
\lstset{numbers=left, stepnumber=2, frame=single,}
You might want to have a caption as well as reference the listing later:
\lstset{language=Java, caption=Descriptive Caption Text, label=DescriptiveLabel}
For an exhaustive list of available options to customize your included source code, refer to the documentation on CTAN .
Tricks
The following will draw a frame around your source code with a blue shadow (you will need the color-package).
\lstset{frame=shadowbox, rulesepcolor=\color{blue}}
If you want closed frames on each page, use the following command sequence:
\begin{framed}
\begin{lstlisting}...\end{lstlisting}
or \lstinputlisting{...}
\end{framed}
Writing a thesis in LaTeX 8. June 2012 In "Introduction"
Oh, this is brilliant. I have always used the verbatim-environment. but this has so much more options. great.
I have read great things about the listings package but in reality it is causing me lots of problems. I am writing a paper and have to include listings in an enumerated list to answer question numbers
1/ I have indented my source file to make easier reading/construction – if I have the listing section indented it is reflected in the pdf output! (using pdflatex) which is just madness
2/ The resulting text just looks ugly with incredibly bad spacing – the character kerning is completely messed up. Currently using the following setup:
I will try to find a solution and see which package is conflicting (if any) but the result is really ugly and \verb is starting to look good…
I was wondering, why Java is not supported?
Java is actually supported by the listings package. It appears in the list of supported languages above.
Very interesting, nice post! Please keep up the good work!
I’m having problems using lstinputlisting{}
I guess that I should use something like C:\Users\Rikke\Documents\…\filename.R
But it doesn’t work – have you any idea why?
As a starting directory, Latex will always use the location of your main document (where you have \documentclass{...} ).
To move upwards the directory-tree, you simply use “..\”.
E.g. imagine you have a directory, with two folders, “code” and “report”. Inside “report”, you have your Latex-files and in “code” you have the source files. To include the source files, you would type:
Thanks for your work! it’s realy good!
May I suggest as an alternative GNU Source-highlight: http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite/
this is not a LaTeX package, but it produces latex output
[…] Include source code in Latex with “Listings” « Blog on Latex Matters (tags: listings latex src) […]
If you have python distribution in your machine you can use ‘pygmentize’. Using pygmentize you can also generate syntax highlighted code in Word, html and pdf formats besides LateX.
@steven: You’ve said “The resulting text just looks ugly with incredibly bad spacing – the character kerning is completely messed up”. I finally found out that the “columns” option can solve your problem. The complete command is \lstset{columns=fullflexible}.
The main problem I had with setting Awk scripts in verbatim mode is that single quotes are turned into curly apostrophes, making it awkward to copy and paste a typset example into a terminal or editor window to execute. Double quotes are OK in verbatim mode. Using lstlisting mode, ALL quotes are turned into curly quotes, one worse than verbatim.
Any ideas? The simplest thing to make a listing in any mode without curling quotes would be good. Thanks.
after all other font specs will force typewriter font to Computer Modern Typewriter and make verbatim, verbatim*, verb, and verb* leave ` and ‘ in their original state.
(” is already set unchanged; I’m not sure of the logic of curling ‘ and ` in a mode that otherwise leaves things unchanged. While it’s true that the old ASCII character set didn’t include encodings for these so it’s useful to be able to create them in verbatim mode, not having an obvious escape to get back to raw apostrophes and grave accents seems to me an omission).
Not quote as fancy as the listings package but for simple scripts and one-liners, being able to get the various verbatim modes to behave is good. Unless you need the default behaviour for some other purpose in the same document …
Thansk Phillip for \usepackage{upquote} .
But I have another one. How to use a source code with accent (i.e. é, á, â, ã, etc.) in a utf8 enconding?
I have tried \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} and \lsset{extendedchars=\true,inputencoding=utf8} but without success.
Actually, you don’t need any package to do this. Try this: \'{e}\'{a}\^{a}\~{a} .
Thanks, Phillip. the \usepackage{upquote} solution was just was just what I was looking for.
God mainly bless you for this page. It was a blessing for me to know how to put my SAS-Code into my latex document. So i just want to acknowledge and to thank you for it.
Can we put the code without frame and without numbering?
You can use the following options to omit the frame and numbering:
You can find the documentation of the listings package here .
Thanks for the post. It was useful for dumping code into latex and not worrying about escaping and formatting.
Here’s a line that creates a floating listing using \lstinputlisting :
Thanks. I’m going to try this. I’ve also used and liked the lgrind package.
I wanted this package to look a bit like the verbatim text. This can be achieved, by:
Thought it might be worth mentioning as it took me a while to find this.
I cannot get the lstlisting to work with autoref – if I attempt to wrap the listing in a labeled figure and then reference it, I jump to a random place on a page near the figure, but not at the figure itself. This is very frustrating. Has anyone figured a workaround for this?
Please post a minimal example, so I can have a look at it.
Thanks,
Tom.
As I recall, the “recommended” way of referring to a listing is to use
New paragraph where I can refer to \autoref{myCoolListing}
This works great in my case, at least.
(If you RTFM (p. 16, and F stands for Fine in this case) at ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/listings/listings.pdf , there are a lot of tips for customizing this)
I’ve found a workaround for people, like me, who’s using UTF8 as encoding: ‘listingsutf8’. This package provides support for those ‘strange’ characters when using the \lstinputlisting command.
Be aware that ‘listings’ package (as far as I read) doesn’t support multi-byte encodings (UTF8 and others), but only one-byte encoding. The trick of ‘listingsutf8’ is to translate a text file (the source code) to an encoding that ‘listings’ can understand… And hope, as well, that you understood me
So, it’s not a final solution, but works.
Thanks for mentioning this. It’s a great package to quickly list some source code.
Is there any way to change the name of Listing like i can do with chapters (\renewcommand\chaptername{new_chapter_name}) ???
I have figured this one out. You can change names using this command: \renewcommand\lstlistingname{Program}
I used the lstlisting for my code and used latex2pdf to create a pdf file.
When I copy and paste the source code from a pdf generated file, it losses its formatting. What can I do about this?
You may find some answers here to solve your problem.
Thanks dude! you were very helpful!!!
Hi there. I tried the listings package too. Everything would have been wonderful… if copying code chunks were not such a pain. Did somebody manage to do this properly?
columns=flexible or columns=fixed have both severe problems, the first ruins my indentation, the second adds weird phantom spaces throughout my code. Thanks.
Hello!
Probably easier than copying the code is to include it directly from the source file. I described how to do that in the post above.
The problem with the columns -option is known . If you don’t need it, just drop it. If you think you need it, please provide a minimal example. I will then try to help you…
I created a few code highlighting examples some time ago that you may find useful.
Tom.
Oke I used pygmentize to get the code working but that doesn’t really matters… I was wondering how you refer to the code? At the moment I use \figure to do this but i was wondering if there is something called \code to use as a reference so in the text will be something like…
As can be seen in code 2.5 or something similar.
I wouldn’t know of anything like that. But you can always define it yourself:
How do you use pygmentize? If I can recall correctly, it only outputs fancyvrb env’s and not lstlistings
Do you know a way of starting the numbering at line 3 say without clipping lines number 1 and 2?
The listings package covers that. Use the firstnumber=x key-value-pair.
Sorry, I’m afraid I wasn’t very clear. I want numbering to start at line 3, with that line numbered 1
#she-bang (line 1 not numbered but shown)
(line 2 not numbered but shown)
import math (line 3 would be numbered with 1)
(line 4 would be numbered with 2)
I knew about firstnumber and have already tried firstnumber=-1 but the pbm is I can’t see anywhere in the listings manual how to turn off the numbering for these first two lines or at least how to do it on a line by line basis.
Hi Iray. Ok, I see. I found something that should do the trick on this blog . Hopefully it works for you. Best, Tom.
Has anyone modified this to use with Stata code?
I am trying to write a Latex document that explains what various parts of my code are doing, section-by-section.
Sometimes it is better to show just a few lines at the start and end of each section and use dots in between.
Is there any way to do that which doesn’t require me just to manually delete the body of the section and add a \dots or similar?
that would show only lines 1, 2 and 3 followed by dots and then lines 10, 11 and 12.
It would allow me to not have to delete parts of my source code from the .tex file and would allow me flexibility to get the final balance right of how much of each section I want to show in the final output.
That’s an interesting question, thanks. I found this question (and answer) on stackexchange that may help you put together a command that solves your problem.
Thanks man. Really great explanation of listings.
Thanks, your post was informative!!!
I am trying to include source code from a gnuplot script, but some of the lines are apparently being interpreted as LaTex commands. This is an example line with a problem. Is th
https://latexref.xyz/_005cinclude-_0026-_005cincludeonly.html
https://texblog.org/2008/04/02/include-source-code-in-latex-with-listings/
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Latex Including
