Как заставить curl использовать протокол HTTPS
Life-Hack [Жизнь-Взлом]/Хакинг
Заставляем curl использовать протокол HTTPS.
Определим используемый протокол по умолчанию, если он не указан.
Как использовать протокол HTTPS по умолчанию.
curl --silent --verbose --proto-default https --output /dev/null www.google.com
* Trying 172.217.20.164:443...
* Connected to www.google.com (172.217.20.164) port 443 (#0)
* ALPN, offering h2
* ALPN, offering http/1.1
* successfully set certificate verify locations:
* CAfile: /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
* CApath: /etc/ssl/certs
} [5 bytes data]
* TLSv1.3 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
} [512 bytes data]
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
{ [122 bytes data]
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Encrypted Extensions (8):
{ [15 bytes data]
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11):
{ [4002 bytes data]
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, CERT verify (15):
{ [78 bytes data]
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
{ [52 bytes data]
* TLSv1.3 (OUT), TLS change cipher, Change cipher spec (1):
} [1 bytes data]
* TLSv1.3 (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
} [52 bytes data]
Обратите внимание, что эта опция не будет иметь смысла, если указан протокол.
curl --silent --verbose --proto-default https --output /dev/null http://www.google.com
* Trying 172.217.20.164:80...
* Connected to www.google.com (172.217.20.164) port 80 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> Host: www.google.com
> User-Agent: curl/7.74.0
> Accept: */*
>
* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Date: Sun, 03 Apr 2022 14:13:35 GMT
< Expires: -1
< Cache-Control: private, max-age=0
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
< P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See g.co/p3phelp for more info."
< Server: gws
< X-XSS-Protection: 0
< X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
< Set-Cookie: AEC=AVQQ_LB3ZtfdU4cku43U7Qdo_c-ZwIuO45QgAWklIJhrePMbwGxssu7n8A; expires=Fri, 30-Sep-2022 14:13:35 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com; Secure; HttpOnly; SameSite=lax
< Set-Cookie: NID=511=nOfnqUz31txzRl-4e2lRB0PRVFywR16dmxdDhym-xJo1Dgiau5z2b1WfeC9ZiC8YBg2C6GhTjm8gEEu30VrYLaMURv6hV0e5jxI4kJaGweWtEhkz1Si4RN6ae0VHusVWMdMgF_U1EAMVJdUAfK3mpIIZX4oqTV4uoKAbdo3KZtY; expires=Mon, 03-Oct-2022 14:13:35 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com; HttpOnly
< Accept-Ranges: none
< Vary: Accept-Encoding
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
<
{ [6292 bytes data]
* Connection #0 to host www.google.com left intact
Обратите внимание, что эта опция не будет иметь смысла, если указан протокол.
curl --silent --verbose --proto-default https --output /dev/null http://www.google.com
* Trying 172.217.20.164:80...
* Connected to www.google.com (172.217.20.164) port 80 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> Host: www.google.com
> User-Agent: curl/7.74.0
> Accept: */*
>
* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Date: Sun, 03 Apr 2022 14:13:35 GMT
< Expires: -1
< Cache-Control: private, max-age=0
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
< P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See g.co/p3phelp for more info."
< Server: gws
< X-XSS-Protection: 0
< X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
< Set-Cookie: AEC=AVQQ_LB3ZtfdU4cku43U7Qdo_c-ZwIuO45QgAWklIJhrePMbwGxssu7n8A; expires=Fri, 30-Sep-2022 14:13:35 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com; Secure; HttpOnly; SameSite=lax
< Set-Cookie: NID=511=nOfnqUz31txzRl-4e2lRB0PRVFywR16dmxdDhym-xJo1Dgiau5z2b1WfeC9ZiC8YBg2C6GhTjm8gEEu30VrYLaMURv6hV0e5jxI4kJaGweWtEhkz1Si4RN6ae0VHusVWMdMgF_U1EAMVJdUAfK3mpIIZX4oqTV4uoKAbdo3KZtY; expires=Mon, 03-Oct-2022 14:13:35 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com; HttpOnly
< Accept-Ranges: none
< Vary: Accept-Encoding
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
<
{ [6292 bytes data]
* Connection #0 to host www.google.com left intact
Применим протокол HTTPS, но пытаемся использовать другой протокол.
curl --silent --verbose --proto-default https --proto =https --output /dev/null http://google.com * Protocol "http" not supported or disabled in libcurl * Closing connection -1
Определим принятый протокол для назначения перенаправления
Применим протокол HTTPS для назначения перенаправления.
curl --location --silent --verbose --proto-redir =https --o
Применим протокол HTTPS для назначения перенаправления, но попробуем использовать протокол HTTP.
curl --location --silent --verbose --proto-redir =https --output /dev/null http://google.com
* Trying 216.58.209.14:80...
* Connected to google.com (216.58.209.14) port 80 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> Host: google.com
> User-Agent: curl/7.74.0
> Accept: */*
>
* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
< HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
< Location: http://www.google.com/
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
< Date: Sun, 03 Apr 2022 14:19:11 GMT
< Expires: Tue, 03 May 2022 14:19:11 GMT
< Cache-Control: public, max-age=2592000
< Server: gws
< Content-Length: 219
< X-XSS-Protection: 0
< X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
<
* Ignoring the response-body
{ [219 bytes data]
* Connection #0 to host google.com left intact
* Issue another request to this URL: 'http://www.google.com/'
* Protocol "http" not supported or disabled in libcurl
* Closing connection -1
Прочитайте страницу руководства curl для более подробной информации и просто объедините эти опции вместе.