Iraq buying Ecstasy

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Iraq buying Ecstasy

As his tolerance to a few pills grew, Ali started gulping down a deadly cocktail of Artane, Ativan and Valium. Sometimes he would take as many as 15 pills a day. His addiction grew amid the privations of the Iraqi people after the first Gulf War. As UN sanctions began to take their toll on the economy, Iraqis found solace in anti-depressants sold on the black market. At the time his pharmacist friend was his main supplier. Taken in large quantities, the drugs can cause comas. Withdrawal symptoms include convulsions, sweating and vomiting. They can also damage unborn babies. Before the US-led occupation last March, these drugs were sold at pharmacies on a strictly prescription-only basis. Now they are available from vendors who can barely read the English labels, let alone correctly prescribe them. Much of it comes from the mayhem following the US invasion when looters wreaked havoc in Baghdad. Stolen medication from hospital, clinics and the health ministry are now reappearing on the streets. Insulin, anaesthetic injections, hypertension medications are also available for those seeking a high. Next to it are the rows of carts selling pills, injections, creams and syrups. Stacks of brightly coloured capsules are lined up. Held together with elastic bands, they have been long removed from their boxes. And business is booming. Thirty pills can be purchased for about dinars or 14 US cents. In pharmacies, the same amount is sold for about three times the price. At the market dealers swiftly deny selling tranquillisers or anti-depressants. But one onlooker tells us that such drugs can be found on other stalls. Someone else warns that the pills are sold in the same alleys where arms dealers run their thriving post-occupation businesses. Supplier Hamid is suspicious of the new faces. He defiantly offers a wad of tattered papers he says are the receipts for his merchandise. Hamid claims his brother is a pharmacist who has taught him how to prescribe medications. A pharmacist later tells me it is an antibiotic for sore throats. Customers are unconcerned that the drugs are being kept out in the sun and the expiry date on some is within a few months or unclear on others. Qatham, 10, is manning another stall a few metres from Hamid. When his father, Abu Ali, appears he quickly produces papers which he also says are the receipts for his goods. One pharmacist asked whether a doctor had recommended Artane but did not ask for a prescription. He asked if my hands were shaking. I said yes and he advised me to take two five milligram pills a day. Ali has no intention of buying any more drugs. He wants to get clean. He checked into the Ibn Rushd hospital, which includes a detox ward, where he met with a psychologist and others like himself to discuss his future. Although he has tried to convince his friends to kick their habit, they refuse to listen. While he may be able to supply his addictions more easily today, Ali is determined to change. Published On 19 Feb 19 Feb Sponsored Content. Bitter pill: Drugs are being soldby unqualified street vendors. Bitter pill: Drugs are being sold by unqualified street vendors. Qatham helps his father sell medicines at the market.

From a border crossing to a center… Iraqi Kurdistan is in the heart of the drug storm

Iraq buying Ecstasy

Drug abuse is one of the major health problems that impose huge economic and social burdens all over the world leading to disability, mortality, and the need for health care services. The problem of drug abuse is on the rise in different countries of the Middle East including Syria whereby the start of the Syrian war in was one of the devastating factors for the community. The war caused a spread of fear, anxiety, depression, and accordingly drug abuse. Unfortunately, selling drugs was used to buy weapons to fuel the war. Also, the combatants were new customers for drugs during this conflict. These factors shifted the site of drug production to Syria which also became a producer for new drugs e. In fact, the published documents do not reflect the exact figures of drug addiction in the Middle East in general and Syria in particular. This chapter highlights the situation of substance abuse in the Middle East with emphasis on Syria according to the available information and provides calls for conducting more researches to cover the gaps in different researches and take preventive measures for drug addiction. This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access. Institutional subscriptions. J Pharm Health Serv Res 11 2 — Article Google Scholar. J Addict Dis 37 3—4 — Article PubMed Google Scholar. J Addict Dis 25 1 — Harm Reduct J Forensic Sci Int 2 — Int J Ment Heal Addict — Google Scholar. Subst Use Misuse — Psychiatr Serv Subst Use Misuse 49 13 — Hum Psychopharm Clin 32 3 :e Qatar Med J J Addict Nurs — Int J Psychol 44 3 — Alshomrani A, Khoja A, Alseraihah S et al Drug use patterns and demographic correlations of residents of Saudi therapeutic communities for addiction. 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Lancet — El Khoury J The use of stimulants in the ranks of Islamic state: myth or reality of the Syrian conflict. Stud Confl Terror 43 8 — Hamarneh S Pharmacy in medieval Islam and the history of drug addiction. Med Hist 16 3 — Eur Psychiatry 24 S1 — Egypt J Muslim Ment Health 4 1 :9— Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 25 2 — Fletcher Forum World Aff — Holman RB Biological effects of central nervous system stimulants. Addiction 89 11 — Ibrahim Y, Hussain SM, Alnasser S et al Patterns and sociodemographic characteristics of substance abuse in al Qassim, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study at a psychiatric rehabilitation center. Ann Saudi Med 38 5 — Accessed 29 Apr Schweiz Med Wochenschr — Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2 — Dialogues Clin Neurosci 9 4 — J Int Aff 69 2 Drug Alcohol Depend 17 2—3 — Mahesh P Cocaine abuse and treatment. 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Pharm Pract Granada — Steenkamp C The crime-conflict nexus and the civil war in Syria. Stability 6 1 Sussman, S. The social psychology of drug abuse. Buckingham, U. Open University Press. Sussman S, Ames S Concepts of drugs, drug use, misuse. In: And abuse in drug abuse: concepts, prevention, and cessation. Cambridge studies on child and adolescent health. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 3— Chapter Google Scholar. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 9 1 Syrians for Truth and Justice Endemic substance abuse in Hama and Idlib countryside, some , addicts in Idlib with only one treatment center. Accessed 24 Mar The Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime The nexus of conflict and illicit drug trafficking: Syria and the wider region. Accessed 20 Apr Accessed on 16 Apr Accessed 7 Apr Accessed 5 Apr Accessed 2 Mar Addiction 4 — Addiction 94 7 — Accessed 21 Apr World Health Organization Global status report on alcohol and health, Individual country profiles. World Health Organization Download references. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Husam Abazid. Reprints and permissions. Abazid, H. Drug Abuse in the Middle East. In: Patel, V. Springer, Cham. Published : 18 October Publisher Name : Springer, Cham. Print ISBN : Online ISBN : Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Policies and ethics. Skip to main content. Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions. Abstract Drug abuse is one of the major health problems that impose huge economic and social burdens all over the world leading to disability, mortality, and the need for health care services. Access this chapter Log in via an institution. Chapter EUR Hardcover Book EUR Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only. Accessed 29 Apr World Health Organization Global status report on alcohol and health, Individual country profiles. Accessed 7 Apr World Health Organization Rights and permissions Reprints and permissions. About this entry. Cite this entry Abazid, H. Copy to clipboard. Publish with us Policies and ethics. Search Search by keyword or author Search. Navigation Find a journal Publish with us Track your research.

Iraq buying Ecstasy