Indonesia buy cocaine
Indonesia buy cocaineIndonesia buy cocaine
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Indonesia buy cocaine
Yet another Western tourist — this time a year-old grandmother from Britain — has become the face of drug trafficking in Indonesia. Her story — that she was coerced to smuggle the drugs in order to protect her children and grandchildren whose safety was at stake — vaguely resembles the misfortunes of Bridget Jones from the movie Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason. But so far, no miraculous Mark Darcy has landed to liberate her from prison and death row. Rather, human rights groups have criticized the British government for not doing enough to provide an adequate legal defense for Ms. Lindsay Sandiford. But as unfortunate as her story is, and even as it is but one in a long line of Western tourists dramatically apprehended and punished for drug trafficking in Southeast Asia, it is to a great extent a distraction from the drug trafficking problems and trends that Indonesia faces. Like other countries in Southeast Asia, Indonesia has for decades applied extremely harsh penalties for drug trafficking and drug use. Like in Ms. Merely getting caught smoking a joint can land one in jail for several years. As with elsewhere in Southeast Asia, such harsh penalties have done little to decrease drug trafficking in Indonesia. In fact, both drug use and drug trafficking appear to have increased in the country. In , that user population was believed to be only , Just like in China, Indonesians have been developing a taste for methamphetamines, ecstasy, heroin, and ketamine. If the number of drug seizures, which can be signs of both greater drug flows and greater law enforcement effectiveness, are any indication, trafficking too seems to be increasing. Drug shipments intercepted at the Soekarno Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, arguably the most patrolled and monitored port of entry into the country, have risen from 16 in to 63 in and 52 in Particularly since for several years now, prices of illicit drugs in Indonesia are believed to have remained higher than elsewhere in Southeast Asia. The dramatic court showcases of Western tourists smuggling drugs aside, examples of military and law enforcement complicity in drug trafficking abound. Importantly, however, Indonesia is no longer just a transit country for illicit drugs heading to Australia, China, and Japan, but is also increasingly a destination country. It is also a hot and rapidly expanding meth production center. Since cold medications containing pseudoephedrine are sold in Indonesia without prescription or any registration required, as they used to be in the United States until the early s, cooking meth is easy. Ever more, the meth cooks in Indonesia are native, instead of the Dutch who would arrive in their former colony to produce the methamphetamines. Western tourists may well be those most visibly apprehended in Indonesia, but the formation of powerful Indonesian drug-trafficking groups can radically transform the structure and characteristics of the Indonesian criminal market. So far, it has been a rather peaceful market. With far greater profits at stake than in the previous drugs-for-tourists deals, a large meth market is also bound to attract the attention of powerful organized crime groups from other Southeast Asian countries and China, potentially triggering turf wars over the market and once again fundamentally altering the relationship between state and crime in Indonesia. Along with Cambodia, the Philippines, and India, Indonesia has long been a significant producer of cannabis. The Aceh region in Sumatra has been one of the primary cultivation areas, with the pot profits funding Acehnese secessionists and Indonesian jihadists as well as poor farmers. Historically, various foreign as well as domestic political actors profited from the illicit and licit drug trade in Indonesia. Opium poppy used to be cultivated in Borneo and other islands of the archipelago during the 19 th century. At the turn of the 20 th century, the Dutch imported opium from British India, Persia, and Turkey and sold it in legal government-sponsored shops and smoking outfits as well as to pharmaceutical companies. After the end of World War II, the pro-independence parallel government smuggled out large quantities of illegal opium to Singapore to generate revenues to fight the Dutch. More surprisingly, coca, the quintessential Latin American drug-producing plant, also used to be cultivated in Indonesia. During the s, a Javanese coca cultivar was developed with leaves containing about 1. Foreign sales of coca leaves subsequently boomed, with over 1, tons of leaves exported to Amsterdam for processing into cocaine in By , coca exports had increased to 1, tons, equivalent to 25 tons of cocaine and surpassing the level of cultivation in Peru and Bolivia during that period. By , coca leaf exports from Java fell to less than 10 percent of peak production, and after a few years coca cultivation in Indonesia rather precipitously stopped. But now, the illicit market in synthetic drugs has robustly taken off. Of the various smugglers I was able to interview in Indonesia during my research there in the fall of , none were as reticent as the drug smugglers. Those who organized illegal mining and logging bragged with pride about their capacity to bribe Indonesian authorities — see Indonesia Field Trip Report III on illegal logging and mining. Wildlife poachers and traffickers exhibited with glee, and without any remorse, the animals they slaughtered — see Indonesia Field Trip Report IV on wildlife trafficking. But those who supposedly could talk about local drug peddling and trafficking were tight-lipped, nervously looking over their shoulders and denying any knowledge. The differential penalties — very harsh for drug trafficking and minimal for illegal logging, mining, and wildlife trafficking — may not have reduced the intensity of illicit drug flows in Indonesia, but they have silenced the participants in the illegal drug trade. Once they are gone, there is no way of bringing them back. Meth will be cooked and consumed decades from now. The only question is who will control the meth market and what kind of political power the market will generate. Vanda Felbab-Brown, Jonathan P. Caulkins, Keith Humphreys. Vanda Felbab-Brown Bruce Riedel. Indonesia Southeast Asia. Foreign Policy. Sections Sections. Sign Up. Vanda Felbab-Brown. Related Content How synthetic opioids can radically change global illegal drug markets and foreign policy. Caulkins, Keith Humphreys April 30, Rivalry and Response. Aspiration and Ambivalence. More On. Jake Sullivan on the US international economic agenda: An update. Upcoming Event. October 23 Wednesday, am - am EDT. The death of Sinwar and a moment of opportunity. Czin, Ryan Hass October 18,
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Indonesia buy cocaine
Tito, 21, started using methamphetamine, called sabu-sabu in Indonesia, to be able to stay awake for many hours. He started using the drug regularly two years ago, because it helped him stay upbeat and not feel tired. Last year, he was arrested at a hotel in central Jakarta, the capital. Tito was beaten by police for hours until he admitted he had 0. His lawyer asked for him to be taken to a rehabilitation center. But prosecutors sought an eight year prison sentence, claiming he was a drug dealer, and the judge sentenced him to two years. Tito is in the Cipinang prison in Jakarta. In September, there were 3, prisoners there — although the capacity is 1, Up to 30 prisoners are held in cells designed for 10 people. Indonesia has one of the strictest anti-drug laws in the world. A person caught with drugs such as marijuana, ecstasy, cocaine or methamphetamine for personal use can be sentenced to up to four years in prison or forced rehabilitation. Parents of underage drug users are obliged to report their children — if they do not, they could face up to six months in prison. Group 1 drugs include marijuana, cocaine, MDMA ecstasy , methamphetamine, heroin and others. If the person has more than 1 kg of marijuana or 5 g of cocaine, for example, they can face life imprisonment. If you are dealing in these volumes, you can be put to death. This happened to two Brazilians in Marco Archer, 53, was executed by firing squad in January of that year. He had been sentenced to death in , after being arrested with 11 kg of cocaine inside hang glider tubes. Rodrigo Muxfeldt Gularte, 42, was executed in April of the same year, after being arrested in for trying to enter the country with 6 kg of cocaine hidden in surfboards. The Indonesian government ignored the fact that Gularte had been diagnosed with schizophrenia, in two separate reports. Lawyer Gunawan assisted in the defence of Gularte. In and , Indonesia executed 18 people for drug-related crimes. LBHM estimates that there are people on death row, of whom were convicted of drug-related crimes. According to lawyer George Havenhand, of Reprieve, those who are users should not be included in articles and of the narcotics law, which provide for between 4 and 12 years in prison. They should be tried under Article , which provides for a maximum sentence of 4 years or rehabilitation. But in practice, the police target users. Rich people are rarely detained, says Octavian. The result of this draconian policy is prison overcrowding. Indonesian prisons have the capacity to house around , prisoners, but currently hold more than twice as many people. In , there were about 53, detainees in Indonesian prisons. Although the legislation provides for the possibility for the user to go to a rehabilitation centre, this rarely happens. Professor Asmin Fransiska, from the Indonesian university Atma Jaya, points out that there are perverse incentives for incarceration. The spread of HIV is another side effect of criminalisation. Indonesia has one of the highest HIV rates in the region, concentrated among injecting drug users. The war on drugs stigmatises them and creates obstacles to access to treatment and harm reduction, such as the distribution of syringes or methadone, for example. Users fear being arrested for seeking these services. Only a small minority receive treatment. Most of the centres provide for compulsory hospitalisation of three to six months and require complete abstinence, often without palliative care for the effects of the absence of the drug. The figures were from a study by the state anti-drug agency, BNN, and were criticised by experts. Among the errors was the classification of everyone who claimed to have tried drugs as users, for example. Experts are not optimistic about the possibility of reforming drug policy in the short or medium term. The narcotics law is on the agenda for legislation to be discussed by , alongside 40 others. There will be an urgent need for reform only when overcrowding in the prison system leads to massive drug trafficking in prisons or riots. After assuming his first term in , Widodo faced a turbulent first hundred days, with criticism of ministers and popular discontent with the price of fuel. The drug war was a way of showing himself to be a strong, nationalist leader and regaining power. Hatred of traffickers and drugs finds widespread support in society, although there is no research quantifying approval. The Indonesian leader warned that he would be relentless with drug dealers and would not pardon death row inmates. In his first term, he authorised the execution of 18 by firing squad. Since that time, and even more since , the most conservative wing of Islamists has started to pressure Widodo and question his religiousness. The emergence of the alleged drug epidemic is one of the few issues that can galvanise conservative and moderate Islamists. President Jokowi uses these devices without any shame. Widodo admitted to having been inspired by the Filipino leader Rodrigo Duterte , whose war on drugs has resulted in more than 25, deaths, international condemnation and popularity among sections of the population. In , 16 people were killed in police anti-trafficking operations in Indonesia. Nor is the possibility of further executions ruled out. They have not occurred since , but the moratorium is not official. In , at least 80 received the penalty. End The Death Penalty Press release. October 9, by Andrew Purcell Head of Communications. He started using the drug regularly two years ago, because it helped him stay upbeat and not feel tired Last year, he was arrested at a hotel in central Jakarta, the capital. Facebook Tweet. Stay informed. Are you sure? The more people who support our campaigns, the more power we have to work with decision makers to end the death penalty and resentence people already sentenced to death. Choose 'Yes' to get emails - you can safely unsubscribe at any time. To see how we keep your data safe, read our privacy policy. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Get the latest. Quick links About us Our governance Our team Vacancies. Donate now Become a Member Leave a legacy Shop in our gallery. Get in touch Contact info.
Indonesia buy cocaine
Finding a drug deal as simple as making eye contact in Indonesia's tourist hotspots - ABC News
Indonesia buy cocaine
Indonesia buy cocaine
Indonesia Field Report II – Bali High, Rainforest Low: The Illicit Drug Trade in Indonesia
Indonesia buy cocaine
Indonesia buy cocaine
Indonesia buy cocaine
Indonesia buy cocaine