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After the nausea passed, Agus not his real name said he felt invincible, so invincible. Arrest rates, surveys and media reports all point to increased drug use in Indonesia. This means that being a heroin addict today carries far more risk than when Agus began using in While cannabis, ecstasy and shabu-shabu methamphetamine are more widely used, it is heroin that has caused an increase in the number of deaths resulting from overdose, as well as higher rates of HIV infection. In Indonesia, the war on drugs takes a two-pronged approach, targeting both supply and demand. Defending the nation against drugs has involved broad-based education campaigns, increased powers for the judiciary and a high-tech crime fighting capability. It is a holy war, complete with propaganda posters that are thick with symbolic imagery. Visions of satan, death, anguish and deception attempt to deter young people from experimenting with illicit drugs. A harsh new drug law was introduced in amidst a widespread popular panic about the growing use of illicit narcotics. Law enforcers are now authorised to shoot fleeing suspected drug smugglers and drug-related crimes are now punishable by the death penalty. There are currently 29 people on death row for drug dealing. Since the introduction of the new drug laws there has been a steady increase in the application of the death penalty and an increase in drug convictions across the board. Possession, dealing and smuggling currently contribute to over half the prison population of Java. High-cost, high-security prisons are being built to segregate inmates with drug convictions from the rest of the prison population. The first correction facility for illicit drug crimes opened in Cipinang East Jakarta in ; two more have since opened and ten more are planned. Tough penalties, however, do not dissuade the desperate. The need to maintain their habit leads many young users to steal, deal and prostitute themselves. In doing so, they reinforce tabloid hype and social fears. Yet within their circles, users are proud of the habits they acquire to maintain their addiction. User culture is camouflaged by a unique vocabulary and secret meeting points that hide their illegal lifestyle. Unsurprisingly, the vast majority of user language revolves around drugs, ways of taking drugs and the people that play a part in their lives police, dealers, junkies and gangsters. It is a vocabulary with a perverse sense of humour. Nigerians, who are renowned for importing and dealing heroin, are named after the black eight ball in billiards bola delapan. But proud words and bravado thinly mask disappointment. Addicts often talk about their future disappearing after they get hooked and the shame of disappointing their families. Another talked with regret about failing to achieve his childhood dream of becoming an army officer. And the constant threat of arrest or capture is wearying. Mob bashings are not uncommon and are almost an accepted consequence of disobeying social conventions. Heroin used to be an end-stage drug, but cheap prices and ease of accessibility have meant that these days many young Indonesians leapfrog almost immediately to heroin experimentation and addiction. Late junior and early senior high school are the times when most chronic addicts first tried putaw. Heroin is no longer a drug of the wealthy, instead it finds its addicts in all layers of society. Significant price variation means users make lengthy daily journeys to purchase their fix. Railroad Junkies examines the lives of three heroin addicts, Oncom, Bagol and Ambon, who catch cross-city trains to buy and use drugs. After arriving at Manggarai train station the film shows Oncom disappearing through a hole in the fence at the back of Manggarai train station. A similar story is told in Tanjung Priok North Jakarta where whole blocks reportedly survive on the profits of the drug trade. In addition to providing transport, the grimy train roofs offer a convenient place to get high. Shooting up on the roof top provides the added kick of being visible to the public yet paradoxically shielded from view. Next we see Bagol nodding off with his needle still dangling from a vein. Intravenous drug use has left its sting down his arm. Kelabang, the name for a centipede with sharp pincers and a mock claw tail, is the local term for track marks. Users may start off smoking putaw, but as their habit develops and becomes increasingly expensive, many turn to intravenous drug use. In contrast, intravenous injection provides a much stronger sensation and delivers every granule to the bloodstream, making it an economical option. Ingestion and sniffing are rarely used as routes of administering putaw by long-term addicts. It is not unusual to see scars across the wrists of street junkies. Consuming the blood released by making light slashes to the wrist is believed to re-release old heroin into the bloodstream and stave off withdrawals. If nothing else, this self-harm creates a new pain, distracting the mind from the sweats and aches of sakaw withdrawals. As the first rush wears off, Bagol withdraws the syringe and gives it to Ambon who lobs the needle over the side of the moving train into the long grass nearby. Ambon, like other users, fears a needle might incriminate him if he is stopped by the police. According to the drug laws, needles are drug paraphernalia and being caught carrying one can lead to arrest. For that reason users often try to get rid of or hide their needles soon after injecting. Cost and scarcity mean that users often prefer to stow their equipment in the roofs and crevasses of street-side stalls for safekeeping. It is also possible to purchase a needle from the dealer when buying drugs. Both have had their outreach workers detained by police while taking needles to clients. The MOU has made it safer for outreach workers to do their job. But NGOs must still work hard to promote needle exchange programs with local authorities and continue to do so every time a new local police chief is appointed. In prisons, a lack of x-ray machines, perfunctory checks and easily bribed wardens mean that heroin is rife. Syringes, however, are bigger and harder to smuggle in and harder to hide during block sweeps. Ex-convicts report that a couple of needles may service an entire prison. Many recall using syringes so frequently worn that the plastic plunger had broken and been replaced with a home-made bamboo equivalent. As cleaning needles adds another step in the process requiring extra time, sterile water and bleach the spread of disease through intravenous drug use in prisons is rampant. Getting high together is a celebrated moment. Addicts from Kampung Bali in Central Jakarta talk with nostalgia about the times when everyone could meet, get a fix, get high, eat and doze off in a disused block hidden by a broken wall. Eventually, someone told the police and the meeting spot was raided. These days, no-one risks using the old hangout. Poverty, necessity and the bond of sharing a criminal addiction have resulted in a tradition of patungan shared drug use. Patungan, often referred to simply as pt-pt, means pooling cash to buy a packet. Patungan partners then usually shoot up together. If cash contributions are equal, then doses are also equally measured and dispensed using a single needle. Conflict is common and arguments may break out about dosage size and who paid what. One addict, who was wealthy enough to buy drugs alone, explained that he preferred to use by himself to avoid such conflict over who gets the bigger hit. But some users who begin their addiction together sometimes maintain a close bond throughout their addicted life and beyond. One group of reformed addicts from East Jakarta were tested together, heard news of their positive results on the same day and regularly go to the HIV clinic together to receive treatment. We were all at fault. As yet there are no definitive studies of blood-borne disease infection among intravenous users. Although figures fluctuate, statistics from rehabilitation centres that promote voluntary HIV testing indicate that about one in two users are HIV positive. The same study put Hepatitis C at almost per cent, leaving users with an unfortunate legacy even if they do manage to come clean. The day I met Agus he had been clean for two weeks. Almost a decade of addiction had left him too tired to continue the constant struggle to find money and drugs. His family was poor, so there was no money for an expensive rehabilitation program in the hills of Bogor. Drug rehabilitation is a burgeoning sector offering a wide range of approaches including military-style training to teach self-discipline , the Narcotics Anonymous 12 steps program, cognitive behavioural therapy, chemically-assisted detoxification, spiritual guidance and combinations of any of the above. Providers are required to register with the Department of Health, but apart from that there are no quality control mechanisms and standards vary greatly. Very few programs are affordable to addicts from lower economic backgrounds or those who lack family support. Kelima, a tiny outreach post in East Jakarta, is one of the few free rehabilitation services. With a few other long-term addicts, Agus locked himself in for ten days to dry out, accompanied by outreach workers who offered counselling and support in the dark hours of heroin withdrawal. A lack of funding for the basic program means participants must bring their own money to buy food. When I met him, Agus was beginning on the hardest stage of his recovery — reintegration. Temptation is constant for users who are trying or have managed to come clean. On Mondays and Thursdays, the community health centre puskesmas in Kampung Bali, in conjunction with YPI, provides a free health service for addicts. As well as a general check-up, a detoxification program is available and HIV positive users can receive free anti-retroviral drugs. Ironically, it is not uncommon to see a dealer waiting in the shade outside as addicts queue to see the doctor. The war on drugs has not succeeded in making heroin more expensive or harder to find. Instead, public outcry and law enforcement campaigns ensure users live on the periphery in lives of risk, code and crime. Jo Pickles Joanna. Pickles anu. She is joint guest editor of this edition. Tantyo Bangun tbangun indo. Yogyakarta's new international airport and aerotropolis embody national aspirations, but at what cost to the locals it has displaced? A selection of stories from the Indonesian classics and modern writers, periodically published free for Inside Indonesia readers, courtesy of Lontar. Facebook Twitter. Donate Write for us Volunteer Youth editorial team. Essays Lontar Modern Indonesia Series. Books Film. Category: Edition Jan-Mar Subscribe to Inside Indonesia Receive Inside Indonesia's latest articles and quarterly editions in your inbox. Lontar Modern Indonesia A selection of stories from the Indonesian classics and modern writers, periodically published free for Inside Indonesia readers, courtesy of Lontar.

Is the death penalty the answer to drug crime?

Indonesia buy Heroin

Tito, 21, started using methamphetamine, called sabu-sabu in Indonesia, to be able to stay awake for many hours. He started using the drug regularly two years ago, because it helped him stay upbeat and not feel tired. Last year, he was arrested at a hotel in central Jakarta, the capital. Tito was beaten by police for hours until he admitted he had 0. His lawyer asked for him to be taken to a rehabilitation center. But prosecutors sought an eight year prison sentence, claiming he was a drug dealer, and the judge sentenced him to two years. Tito is in the Cipinang prison in Jakarta. In September, there were 3, prisoners there — although the capacity is 1, Up to 30 prisoners are held in cells designed for 10 people. Indonesia has one of the strictest anti-drug laws in the world. A person caught with drugs such as marijuana, ecstasy, cocaine or methamphetamine for personal use can be sentenced to up to four years in prison or forced rehabilitation. Parents of underage drug users are obliged to report their children — if they do not, they could face up to six months in prison. Group 1 drugs include marijuana, cocaine, MDMA ecstasy , methamphetamine, heroin and others. If the person has more than 1 kg of marijuana or 5 g of cocaine, for example, they can face life imprisonment. If you are dealing in these volumes, you can be put to death. This happened to two Brazilians in Marco Archer, 53, was executed by firing squad in January of that year. He had been sentenced to death in , after being arrested with 11 kg of cocaine inside hang glider tubes. Rodrigo Muxfeldt Gularte, 42, was executed in April of the same year, after being arrested in for trying to enter the country with 6 kg of cocaine hidden in surfboards. The Indonesian government ignored the fact that Gularte had been diagnosed with schizophrenia, in two separate reports. Lawyer Gunawan assisted in the defence of Gularte. In and , Indonesia executed 18 people for drug-related crimes. LBHM estimates that there are people on death row, of whom were convicted of drug-related crimes. According to lawyer George Havenhand, of Reprieve, those who are users should not be included in articles and of the narcotics law, which provide for between 4 and 12 years in prison. They should be tried under Article , which provides for a maximum sentence of 4 years or rehabilitation. But in practice, the police target users. Rich people are rarely detained, says Octavian. The result of this draconian policy is prison overcrowding. Indonesian prisons have the capacity to house around , prisoners, but currently hold more than twice as many people. In , there were about 53, detainees in Indonesian prisons. Although the legislation provides for the possibility for the user to go to a rehabilitation centre, this rarely happens. Professor Asmin Fransiska, from the Indonesian university Atma Jaya, points out that there are perverse incentives for incarceration. The spread of HIV is another side effect of criminalisation. Indonesia has one of the highest HIV rates in the region, concentrated among injecting drug users. The war on drugs stigmatises them and creates obstacles to access to treatment and harm reduction, such as the distribution of syringes or methadone, for example. Users fear being arrested for seeking these services. Only a small minority receive treatment. Most of the centres provide for compulsory hospitalisation of three to six months and require complete abstinence, often without palliative care for the effects of the absence of the drug. The figures were from a study by the state anti-drug agency, BNN, and were criticised by experts. Among the errors was the classification of everyone who claimed to have tried drugs as users, for example. Experts are not optimistic about the possibility of reforming drug policy in the short or medium term. The narcotics law is on the agenda for legislation to be discussed by , alongside 40 others. There will be an urgent need for reform only when overcrowding in the prison system leads to massive drug trafficking in prisons or riots. After assuming his first term in , Widodo faced a turbulent first hundred days, with criticism of ministers and popular discontent with the price of fuel. The drug war was a way of showing himself to be a strong, nationalist leader and regaining power. Hatred of traffickers and drugs finds widespread support in society, although there is no research quantifying approval. The Indonesian leader warned that he would be relentless with drug dealers and would not pardon death row inmates. In his first term, he authorised the execution of 18 by firing squad. Since that time, and even more since , the most conservative wing of Islamists has started to pressure Widodo and question his religiousness. The emergence of the alleged drug epidemic is one of the few issues that can galvanise conservative and moderate Islamists. President Jokowi uses these devices without any shame. Widodo admitted to having been inspired by the Filipino leader Rodrigo Duterte , whose war on drugs has resulted in more than 25, deaths, international condemnation and popularity among sections of the population. In , 16 people were killed in police anti-trafficking operations in Indonesia. Nor is the possibility of further executions ruled out. They have not occurred since , but the moratorium is not official. In , at least 80 received the penalty. End The Death Penalty Press release. October 9, by Andrew Purcell Head of Communications. He started using the drug regularly two years ago, because it helped him stay upbeat and not feel tired Last year, he was arrested at a hotel in central Jakarta, the capital. Facebook Tweet. Stay informed. Are you sure? The more people who support our campaigns, the more power we have to work with decision makers to end the death penalty and resentence people already sentenced to death. Choose 'Yes' to get emails - you can safely unsubscribe at any time. To see how we keep your data safe, read our privacy policy. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Get the latest. Quick links About us Our governance Our team Vacancies. Donate now Become a Member Leave a legacy Shop in our gallery. Get in touch Contact info.

Indonesia buy Heroin