If Message Chat Type Private
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pip install pyTelegramBotAPI Copy PIP instructions
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License: GNU General Public License v2 (GPLv2) (GPL2)
Red Hat is a contributing sponsor of the Python Software Foundation.
A simple, but extensible Python implementation for the Telegram Bot API.
This API is tested with Python Python 3.6-3.9 and Pypy 3. There are two ways to install the library:
It is generally recommended to use the first option.
*While the API is production-ready, it is still under development and it has regular updates, do not forget to update it regularly by calling pip install pytelegrambotapi --upgrade
It is presumed that you have obtained an API token with @BotFather. We will call this token TOKEN. Furthermore, you have basic knowledge of the Python programming language and more importantly the Telegram Bot API.
The TeleBot class (defined in _init_.py) encapsulates all API calls in a single class. It provides functions such as send_xyz (send_message, send_document etc.) and several ways to listen for incoming messages.
Create a file called echo_bot.py. Then, open the file and create an instance of the TeleBot class.
Note: Make sure to actually replace TOKEN with your own API token.
After that declaration, we need to register some so-called message handlers. Message handlers define filters which a message must pass. If a message passes the filter, the decorated function is called and the incoming message is passed as an argument.
Let's define a message handler which handles incoming /start and /help commands.
A function which is decorated by a message handler can have an arbitrary name, however, it must have only one parameter (the message).
This one echoes all incoming text messages back to the sender. It uses a lambda function to test a message. If the lambda returns True, the message is handled by the decorated function. Since we want all messages to be handled by this function, we simply always return True.
Note: all handlers are tested in the order in which they were declared
We now have a basic bot which replies a static message to "/start" and "/help" commands and which echoes the rest of the sent messages. To start the bot, add the following to our source file:
Alright, that's it! Our source file now looks like this:
To start the bot, simply open up a terminal and enter python echo_bot.py to run the bot! Test it by sending commands ('/start' and '/help') and arbitrary text messages.
All types are defined in types.py. They are all completely in line with the Telegram API's definition of the types, except for the Message's from field, which is renamed to from_user (because from is a Python reserved token). Thus, attributes such as message_id can be accessed directly with message.message_id. Note that message.chat can be either an instance of User or GroupChat (see How can I distinguish a User and a GroupChat in message.chat?).
The Message object also has a content_typeattribute, which defines the type of the Message. content_type can be one of the following strings: text, audio, document, photo, sticker, video, video_note, voice, location, contact, new_chat_members, left_chat_member, new_chat_title, new_chat_photo, delete_chat_photo, group_chat_created, supergroup_chat_created, channel_chat_created, migrate_to_chat_id, migrate_from_chat_id, pinned_message.
You can use some types in one function. Example:
content_types=["text", "sticker", "pinned_message", "photo", "audio"]
All API methods are located in the TeleBot class. They are renamed to follow common Python naming conventions. E.g. getMe is renamed to get_me and sendMessage to send_message.
Outlined below are some general use cases of the API.
A message handler is a function that is decorated with the message_handler decorator of a TeleBot instance. Message handlers consist of one or multiple filters. Each filter must return True for a certain message in order for a message handler to become eligible to handle that message. A message handler is declared in the following way (provided bot is an instance of TeleBot):
function_name is not bound to any restrictions. Any function name is permitted with message handlers. The function must accept at most one argument, which will be the message that the function must handle. filters is a list of keyword arguments. A filter is declared in the following manner: name=argument. One handler may have multiple filters. TeleBot supports the following filters:
True if message.content_type is in the list of strings.
True if re.search(regexp_arg) returns True and message.content_type == 'text' (See Python Regular Expressions)
True if message.content_type == 'text' and message.text starts with a command that is in the list of strings.
a function (lambda or function reference)
True if the lambda or function reference returns True
Here are some examples of using the filters and message handlers:
Important: all handlers are tested in the order in which they were declared
Handle edited messages @bot.edited_message_handler(filters) # <- passes a Message type object to your function
Handle channel post messages @bot.channel_post_handler(filters) # <- passes a Message type object to your function
Handle edited channel post messages @bot.edited_channel_post_handler(filters) # <- passes a Message type object to your function
Handle inline queries @bot.inline_handler() # <- passes a InlineQuery type object to your function
Handle chosen inline results @bot.chosen_inline_handler() # <- passes a ChosenInlineResult type object to your function
Handle shipping queries @bot.shipping_query_handeler() # <- passes a ShippingQuery type object to your function
Handle pre checkoupt queries @bot.pre_checkout_query_handler() # <- passes a PreCheckoutQuery type object to your function
Handle poll updates @bot.poll_handler() # <- passes a Poll type object to your function
Handle poll answers @bot.poll_answer_handler() # <- passes a PollAnswer type object to your function
Handle updates of a the bot's member status in a chat @bot.my_chat_member_handler() # <- passes a ChatMemberUpdated type object to your function
Handle updates of a chat member's status in a chat @bot.chat_member_handler() # <- passes a ChatMemberUpdated type object to your function Note: "chat_member" updates are not requested by default. If you want to allow all update types, set allowed_updates in bot.polling() / bot.infinity_polling() to util.update_types
A middleware handler is a function that allows you to modify requests or the bot context as they pass through the Telegram to the bot. You can imagine middleware as a chain of logic connection handled before any other handlers are executed. Middleware processing is disabled by default, enable it by setting apihelper.ENABLE_MIDDLEWARE = True.
There are other examples using middleware handler in the examples/middleware directory.
All send_xyz functions of TeleBot take an optional reply_markup argument. This argument must be an instance of ReplyKeyboardMarkup, ReplyKeyboardRemove or ForceReply, which are defined in types.py.
The last example yields this result:
More information about Inline mode.
Now, you can use inline_handler to get inline queries in telebot.
Use chosen_inline_handler to get chosen_inline_result in telebot. Don't forgot add the /setinlinefeedback command for @Botfather.
More information : collecting-feedback
This object represents one special entity in a text message. For example, hashtags, usernames, URLs, etc. Attributes:
Here's an Example:message.entities[num].
Here num is the entity number or order of entity in a reply, for if incase there are multiple entities in the reply/message.
message.entities returns a list of entities object.
message.entities[0].type would give the type of the first entity
Refer Bot Api for extra details
Since version 5.0 of the Bot API, you have the possibility to run your own Local Bot API Server. pyTelegramBotAPI also supports this feature.
Important: Like described here, you have to log out your bot from the Telegram server before switching to your local API server. in pyTelegramBotAPI use bot.log_out()
There exists an implementation of TeleBot which executes all send_xyz and the get_me functions asynchronously. This can speed up your bot significantly, but it has unwanted side effects if used without caution. To enable this behaviour, create an instance of AsyncTeleBot instead of TeleBot.
Now, every function that calls the Telegram API is executed in a separate Thread. The functions are modified to return an AsyncTask instance (defined in util.py). Using AsyncTeleBot allows you to do the following:
Note: if you execute send_xyz functions after eachother without calling wait(), the order in which messages are delivered might be wrong.
Sometimes you must send messages that exceed 5000 characters. The Telegram API can not handle that many characters in one request, so we need to split the message in multiples. Here is how to do that using the API:
Or you can use the new smart_split function to get more meaningful substrings:
The TeleBot constructor takes the following optional arguments:
As an alternative to the message handlers, one can also register a function as a listener to TeleBot.
NOTICE: handlers won't disappear! Your message will be processed both by handlers and listeners. Also, it's impossible to predict which will work at first because of threading. If you use threaded=False, custom listeners will work earlier, after them handlers will be called. Example:
When using webhooks telegram sends one Update per call, for processing it you should call process_new_messages([update.message]) when you recieve it.
There are some examples using webhooks in the examples/webhook_examples directory.
You can use the Telebot module logger to log debug info about Telebot. Use telebot.logger to get the logger of the TeleBot module. It is possible to add custom logging Handlers to the logger. Refer to the Python logging module page for more info.
You can use proxy for request. apihelper.proxy object will use by call requests proxies argument.
If you want to use socket5 proxy you need install dependency pip install requests[socks] and make sure, that you have the latest version of gunicorn, PySocks, pyTelegramBotAPI, requests and urllib3.
27.04.2020 - Poll and Dice are up to date. Python2 conformance is not checked any more due to EOL.
11.04.2020 - Refactoring. new_chat_member is out of support. Bugfix in html_text. Started Bot API conformance checking.
06.06.2019 - Added polls support (Poll). Added functions send_poll, stop_poll
April 9,2016 Telegram release new bot 2.0 API, which has a drastic revision especially for the change of method's interface.If you want to update to the latest version, please make sure you've switched bot's code to bot 2.0 method interface.
Telegram Bot API support new type Chat for message.chat.
Bot instances that were idle for a long time might be rejected by the server when sending a message due to a timeout of the last used session. Add apihelper.SESSION_TIME_TO_LIVE = 5 * 60 to your initialisation to force recreation after 5 minutes without any activity.
Want to have your bot listed here? Just make a pull request.
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If Message Chat Type Private
