III. 18. Habiru

The Habiru (Akkadian: hapīru, apiru; Egyptian: pr.w) were a group of tribes originating in Egypt that moved across the Fertile Crescent from Canaan to northeastern Mesopotamia, Greece, and Iran. The name is mentioned in various Sumerian, ancient Egyptian, Akkadian, Hittite, Mitanni, and Ugaritic sources, approximately dating between 1800 and 1100 BC. The sources describe the Habiru as nomads/semi-nomads, rebels, raiding bandits, traders, archers, servants, slaves, and a migratory labor force. They conquered states and created new ones. In particular, in the 14th – 12th centuries BC, mass migrations of the Habiru to the desert area of ​​Syria in the upper Orontes River and the creation of the state of Amurru are recorded. The name Habiru is found in the Amarna documents, which include the names of many Canaanite peoples in Akkadian cuneiform. The names Habiru and Apiru are present in Akkadian cuneiform texts of Babylonia and Assyria. The name is also mentioned in Egyptian texts from the Amarna archive.

Moshe Greenberg and his followers compared the Habiru to the Cossacks of the late Middle Ages and the New Age. They were viewed as outcasts from nearby agrarian communities. They were joined by peasants fleeing Assyria and Babylon, where they were subjected to harsh exploitation.

N. V. Kozyrev considers the Habiru as inhabitants of the city-states of the Eastern Mediterranean fleeing from ruin.

Anson Rainey believes that the Habiru are bandits not associated with a specific people.

In fact, the Habiru are a people created by Moses from different peoples and tribes in Egypt. At that time, the world was experiencing cataclysms, wars and famine. But Egypt was an island of stability, did not participate in wars and had a grain reserve, there was no famine. Many people from different tribes and countries of the world flocked to Egypt, primarily to avoid dying of hunger. Moses preached in Egypt and entire tribes and peoples became his disciples and followers. Moses consolidated large masses of people and created from them a new people of God. Then he created a large army from these people, and led the conquest of the promised land.

And the children of Israel went out armed from the land of Egypt

and the children of Israel went up harnessed out of the land of Egypt.

(Exodus 13:18)

By the promised land, Moses understood the whole world, and they conquered the whole world. Therefore, the Habiru are recorded almost all over the world at that time. But there was a raider seizure of the governing body of the new religion of Moses. The power of the invaders was limited only to Palestine, so they proclaimed only themselves as the true followers of Moses.

The word Habiru is a variation of the name "Geb's her", which means "Geb's penis". This name was taken by the Second Messiah, aka Abraham / Jacob / Moses. This is confirmed by the fact that the translation of the documents of the Amarna archive forced a number of scholars to identify the Apiru (Habiru) with the biblical Jews. In addition to the similarity in spelling and pronunciation, the description of the Apiru attack on the cities of Canaan is similar to the biblical stories about the conquest of Canaan by the Jewish tribes led by Jesus Navin.

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