Hymen Examination
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Hymen Examination
Home » Health & Wellness » Women Health » Hymen – Definition, Location, Pictures, Repair Broken Hymen, Surgery Hymen
The hymen is a piece of skin covering the vaginal opening in females. In about the 3 rd or 4 th month of pregnancy, the hymen in female fetuses begins to form. It remains intact until it is broken by most often sexual intercourse. It can also be broken by activity or the insertion of something into the vaginal canal.
The hymen may stretch on its own or even rupture, during growth and development and be non-existent once a female reaches full-maturity. For this reason, it is almost impossible to use this to see if a female is a virgin or not. Girls who actively play sports or use tampons may not have a hymen anymore.
When the hymen ruptures, there may be bleeding and pain. If the rupture was not due to first time sexual intercourse, a small rupture may heal back to its normal state. The hymen tends to be thinner in children and thickens at the onset of puberty due to hormonal changes .
There are many different things to learn about the hymen and it is very significant in some cultures. Many spiritual and traditional practices look at it as a source of mystery about women. There are also practices that can be looked upon as harsh. For a woman to give her husband her virginity on their wedding night is a very honorable thing in almost every culture. In previous history, medical examinations were used prior to marriage to “prove” virginity. This is no longer practiced, as there are so many factors that could render the hymen absent or it may never have existed at all in a female from birth.
In recent times, there has been an increased in hymen repair surgeries. Since there is a trend in pre-marital sex in recent times, many women have chosen to have it repaired prior to marriage. This may be of personal choice or a moral concern. It depends heavily on personal, spiritual and cultural beliefs whether this surgery should be done or not.
The hymen is located in between the two-folds of the vulva. It does not actually “cover” the opening of the vagina, but creates folds that cause the opening to be very small. As a female grows, the folds of tissue open up, stretch and may even tear during activity. Some girls may notice blood spots in their underwear from this happening.
The hymen comes in many different shapes and sizes. The different types include:
This is the situation where the hymen does completely cover the opening to the vagina. This condition usually goes undiagnosed until a girl enters puberty and her first period and the blood cannot flow out.
When this happens, the hymen almost completely closes off the vaginal opening. Menstrual blood is able to flow out, but a virginal female may not be able to use tampons.
This is when one hymen is split into two openings over the vagina. This condition also does not stop menstrual blood flow, but can block the use of tampons in virginal females.
If a female does not choose to use tampons then these conditions usually do not cause issue prior to losing her virginity, but can cause issues during the first sexual intercourse. They are easily remedied with minor surgery.
Hymen surgery can be done for a few reasons, either to repair a broken hymen or removing extra hymen tissue that blocks the vaginal opening. Here are the different types of surgery:
This is essentially a cosmetic surgery performed to repair a broken hymen for personal reasons. The hymen is surgically reclosed to cause bleeding upon sexual intercourse. Some people may choose to do this for personal reasons or out of necessity due to spiritual beliefs. It can also be performed after cases of rape.
This is the surgical procedure used to open a hymen that is imperforate, Microperforate or Septate. Usually an anatomically correct hymen can be stretched and broken during first intercourse or tampon use without too much trauma. The concern is that there is an artery that runs along the side of the hymen and can cause major bleeding. Having a Hymenectomy can decrease the risk of bleeding and allow fluids to leave the vagina easier.
Keep in mind that the hymen can only be completely ruptured by sexual intercourse or use of tampons. Some women may choose to attempt stretching it to make first intercourse more pleasurable. Here are a few tips to help stretch the hymen:
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1 Pôle médico-judiciaire, CHU de Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France. frederic.abriat@chu-bordeaux.fr
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The hymeneal examination is often considered as the key of the gyneacological examination of a young girl victim of sexual assault, mainly because the concept of penetration is important under the French criminal code. However, the amount medical literature related to this topic is poor. The hymen examination must be conducted under strict conditions, by qualified personnel and as soon as possible after the alleged assault.The only kind of anomaly that can confirm a penetration is an injury to the posterior hymen extending up its base. The sensitivity of this sign is, however, low and its absence does not suggest that of penetration. A vaginal penetration does not always break the hymen, especially among adolescents. Moreover, the hymen can heal and thus it makes the examination difficult when it occurs a long time after the facts. Examination of the hymen is rarely the decisive factor in the forensic assessment of a young victim of sexual assault.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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Program on Sexual Violence in Conflict Zones
Shared in the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize
So-called virginity testing – the examination of a woman’s hymen – is used in many countries to determine a woman’s sexual status or history.
“Virginity testing”
has no clinical or scientific value, and conducting hymen
examinations for this purpose violates basic
medical and legal standards. Often performed without consent or in a
context of threat or force, they can be psychologically and – in some instances
– physically harmful.
PHR advocates for this abusive practice to be abolished and for medical professionals to refuse to participate in these invasive and meaningless tests.
Learn more about the hymen in our recent factsheet .
In Afghanistan, women suspected of adultery are forced to submit to hymen examinations by government doctors. The results are then used as evidence to convict and imprison them for “moral crimes.”
In 2015, we produced a scientific brief debunking hymen examinations as illegitimate and completely unscientific, and worked with our partners in Afghanistan to raise awareness about the practice.
Years of pressure were
successful: in 2018, the Afghan Ministry of Public Health announced a new
policy barring government health workers from performing vaginal and anal examinations.
While this is a welcomed first step, PHR continues
our work ensure that medical colleagues in Afghanistan and elsewhere do not
commit abuse masking as medicine.
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