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To view historic versions, click on the 'Historic Versions' tab above. Section 1 - Summary 1 This Procedure:. It is classified as a Central Nervous System CNS depressant, which means that drinking alcohol slows down brain functioning, neural activity, and further reduces the functioning of various vital functions in the body. For the purposes of this Procedure the following categories of drugs are referred to:. For the purposes of this Procedure means all staff and contractors as defined below:. E-cigarettes can also be known as e-shisha, e-cigar, e-pipes, e-hookahs, vape pens, hookah pens and vape pipes. The liquid ingredients vary, however typically contain chemicals, including solvents and flavouring agents, and may or may not contain nicotine. Refer to National Drug Strategy The primary considerations in the management of drug use, drug-related issues and associated activities are:. Additionally, if the University becomes aware of illegal behaviour occurring on campus the police will be contacted. Staff using prescribed drugs, which may affect their motor skill co-ordination including use of motor vehicles or their ability to safely perform any of their duties, should discuss this with their supervisor, to ensure that safety aspects are addressed. Alternatively, a medical certificate setting out the work restrictions may be provided. This information will be treated in confidence. This includes:. As such the principles that apply to tobacco smoking apply equally to all forms of e-cigarettes. These guidelines must be observed in all licensed areas of the University. As a guide, the Responsible Service Guidelines should be adopted as far as is reasonably practicable. No charge may be made for alcohol supplied outside licensed areas including charges for the combined supply of alcohol and food. No staff should feel obligated to consume alcohol in these work-related situations. Staff must ensure that their consumption of alcohol is kept to appropriate limits and that they maintain appropriate standards of behaviour. Supervisors must also ensure they take all reasonably practicable steps to maintain a safe working environment during the function. Furthermore, particular care needs to be exercised when staff drive University vehicles or use another plant e. All staff must comply with the provisions of the Road Safety Act Vic in relation to alcohol and driving University vehicles and other plants. Unless a staff member identifies themselves as having an issue with alcohol or other drugs, the supervisor or manager should not assume the issue is alcohol or drug-related. The focus should remain on clearly identified work performance issues. In the context of a manager providing counsel to staff, it may be appropriate for the staff member to be encouraged in a non-judgmental manner to initiate contact with the EAP provider. These include:. The staff member or contractor who is suspected of being adversely affected by alcohol or any other drug should not be accused of being drunk or of using drugs. The supervisor should inform the staff member or contractor of work performance concerns in terms of their behaviour and their ability to perform all tasks safely. If this person is assessed as not being fit for duty, safe transportation home is to be arranged by the supervisor. These include the following:. Such action includes calling relevant emergency services, seeking first aid assistance from University First Aiders and notifying University Security. An incident report should be completed in all cases involving risk or actual injury e. Staff are required to report the location of injecting equipment and associated paraphernalia to Security immediately to ensure safe collection and disposal by appropriately trained personnel. It should be noted that action to protect others from damage e. The provision of gifts other than alcohol is encouraged. Victoria University-sponsored gifts for staff should not include alcohol. View Document. This is the current version of this document. Note: This Procedure does not include students. Note: It is not the intention of this Procedure to prohibit the use of alcohol or other legal drugs. But rather to ensure that any potential negative impact in the workplace arising from their legal use is minimised as much as possible. The role of Managers and Supervisors is to ensure a safe, healthy and productive workplace. This can be achieved by: a. This includes using internal and external sources of help and advice; d. All staff should adhere to the following at all times: a. Staff should not attend work if they are affected by alcohol or other drugs and should seek appropriate leave approval for such absences; b. When staff attend University functions including social functions where alcohol is served, they should act in accordance with this and other related policies to ensure their own safety, and the safety of others; c. When staff are representing the University at functions sponsored by another organisation, company or institution where alcohol is available, care should be taken to ensure that their performance is not adversely affected by alcohol consumption; and d. Staff who think they may have an alcohol or other drug issue are encouraged to seek assistance through Victoria University's confidential Employee Assistance Program EAP. Visitors and contractors must comply with this Procedure at all times while participating in official University activities or while on University premises.

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How can I buy cocaine online in Osh

Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Correspondence: cezarvaz vetorial. This cross-sectional study including an intervention addressed to dockworkers, who were individually interviewed, as well as communication of risk with testing for infectious contagious diseases for 93 dockworkers from a city in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Poisson regression analysis was used. Twenty-nine workers reported the use of illegal drugs. Poisson regression indicated that being a wharfage worker, smoker, having a high income, and heavier workload increases the prevalence of the use of illegal drugs. During risk communication, two workers were diagnosed with hepatitis B 2. None of the workers, though, had HIV. This study provides evidence that can motivate further research on the topic and also lead to treatment of individuals to improve work safety, productivity, and the health of workers. The most evident diseases affecting drug users are infectious contagious diseases, such as hepatitis B and C, syphilis and HIV. A systematic review addressing hepatitis B and C in individuals using injectable drugs reports that the prevalence of these diseases is even higher than HIV, which is a public health problem \[ 1 \]. Even though syphilis presents a high risk of contamination through sexual intercourse, there are also other risk factors such as HIV infection and the use of illegal drugs, such as methamphetamine use \[ 2 \]. In regard to exposure to HIV, studies address the importance of implementing programs to decrease the risk of infection from the use of injectable drugs, e. Therefore, it is important to test for these diseases among individuals using illegal drugs. A second consideration is that drug users pose a risk to individuals who do not use illegal drugs, for instance by working under the effect of drugs. One study testing whether there is a cause-effect relationship between toxicological testing for alcohol and drugs and reduced occupational accidents verified that random and surprise toxicological testing can prevent occupational accidents \[ 5 \]. The risk posed to people may be even worse when the work performed by individuals using illegal drugs is dangerous, such as the case of port activities. The work performed in ports is globally important because it is in ports where products are received and dispatched to locations around the world \[ 6 \]. Additionally, as a study previously conducted with the same population shows, the use of drugs in this field of work is frequent, which motivated this study \[ 7 \]. Individuals using illegal drugs—workers or not—require the attention of healthcare providers because drug users strongly depend on care provided by healthcare services. Such care includes both emergency and primary healthcare. Hence, acquiring more knowledge regarding individuals using illegal drugs helps healthcare providers from all fields to better manage these patients. Specifically for the public health field, dealing with the use of illegal drugs by dockworkers leads to the need for specific knowledge regarding how to manage these situations. This study precedes this management situation; that is, it intends to clarify situations in which illegal drugs are used so that actions are planned jointly with healthcare units in the public health sphere. This cross-sectional study including an intervention used individual interviews to collect data and implemented risk communication regarding the use of illegal drugs, testing dockworkers for infectious contagious diseases hepatitis B, C, syphilis and HIV in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The port in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, where the study was developed, has dockworkers. The sample was composed after subtracting 25 workers whose work is performed online, 53 workers who were on leave and not expected to return by the end of data collection ; and another 66 workers from specific sectors within the port and therefore not linked to the port labor unions, so that the population totaled dockworkers. Individual interviews were held with dockworkers. All the dockworkers were invited to participate in the study regardless of the use of drugs. A structured questionnaire was developed for the interview addressing socio-demographic variables age, race, marital status and education , occupational variables occupation in the port facility, monthly income, time working at the port, work shift, mental workload , variables regarding the use of legal drugs smoking and alcohol , and variables regarding the use of illegal drugs having any knowledge regarding co-workers using illegal drugs during work and drugs used amphetamine, marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and ecstasy \[ 8 \]. NASA-TLX measures workload through six scales: mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, performance, total effort, and frustration. Only the mental demand scale was used in this study because the use of illegal drugs is associated with a high mental task load \[ 10 \], that is, difficulty in balancing the mental demands of a given task and the mental capacity to perform tasks. A total of dockworkers were invited to participate in risk communication and to be tested for infectious contagious diseases hepatitis B, C syphilis and HIV. Fliers were distributed in the workplace to invite the workers. The particular infectious contagious diseases—hepatitis B, C, syphilis and HIV—were chosen because these are reported in the literature as important diseases affecting individuals using illegal drugs \[ 1 , 11 , 12 \]. This stage was jointly implemented by the University, port management, and the City Council of the city in which the port is located in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In the data analysis the quantitative variables were described by mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range. The categorical variables were described by absolute and relative frequency. The Mann-Whitney test was used in the case of asymmetry. All subjects gave their informed consent for inclusion before they participated in the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Federal University of Rio Grande protocol No. Sociodemographic and occupational characteristics of dockworkers in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. All the dockworkers were asked whether their co-workers had ever worked under the effect of illegal drugs and most These individuals reported the following illegal drugs were used by co-workers: The reasons for which they believe their co-workers resort to illegal drugs included: dependence, reported by In regard to legal drugs, 59 The workers who reported the use of illegal drugs justified their use due to dependence 13; Bivariate analysis of illegal drugs with sociodemographic, occupational and personal variables of dockworkers in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Occupational and personal factors associated with increased use of illegal drugs among dockworkers in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil. Five meetings were conducted to implement risk communication and provide counseling regarding the risk of illegal drugs and rapid tests to diagnose infectious contagious diseases—Hepatitis B, C, syphilis and HIV. The meetings were held between October and March Each meeting gathered 20 workers, on average, totaling 93 workers Only four of those reporting the use of illegal drugs participated in risk communication, though they presented no infectious contagious diseases. In regard to the rapid tests, two 2. Figure 1 presents a synthesis of the results. Illegal drugs were frequently used by dockworkers as most participants, This behavior poses a risk to other workers, since the activities performed in the docks are collective. It is known that implementing random and surprise toxicological testing at the workplace decreases the risk of the use of illegal drugs among workers, which consequently has the potential to decrease the exposure of workers to occupational accidents \[ 5 \]. Nonetheless, the implementation of toxicological testing in Brazil is seldom discussed and a controversial issue. The reason is that according to Brazilian law, workers are not obliged to undergo this type of testing. Brazilian law No. As a consequence, the test can no longer be a surprise. In Italy, the implementation of such testing is different, as the law of drug testing at the workplace was enacted in A study intended to analyze data found in drug testing at the workplace shows the results did not change over time, that is, workers do not decrease the use of drugs because they were being tested at work \[ 14 \]. It is worth noting that the workers who reported being aware that co-workers worked under the influence of drugs, did so voluntarily. This shows these workers hold no prejudice against the use of illegal drugs; on the contrary, they acknowledge it as a common habit among dockworkers. Another situation observed during the interviews was one worker covering up for another worker using illegal drugs. Because port activities are performed as block work \[ 15 \], that is, groups of workers who become responsible for a given daily task, the workers choose what activity and the group with which they will work. Because workers who do not use illegal drugs know the ones who do use them, there were situations in which workers chose a group in which there was a drug user in order to protect him and also situations in which one worker warned another not to chose a given group because there was a worker who was a user of illegal drugs. Underreporting may be caused by embarrassment, on the part of these workers, of admitting the use of drugs or fear of being reported to authorities since the use of drugs is illegal. A study addressing the use of drugs among steel mill workers shows that self-report was the least effective comparing to chemical analysis of urine and hair to estimate the prevalence of drugs use \[ 16 \]. It agrees with the conclusion of a study conducted with cocaine users that shows that self-reporting of drugs use may require confirmation through biochemical analysis \[ 17 \]. Therefore, this study presents a limitation concerning the identification of dockworkers using illegal drugs. Self-reporting is, however, the first step toward the identification of characteristics that should be studied in certain environments. We suggest further studies to improve the identification of other workers using illegal drugs and to implement new interventions. The drugs used by the workers include marijuana, cocaine, crack and inhaling solvents. Marijuana, the illegal drug most frequently reported by the dockworkers, is identified in the literature as a drug that can be mixed in use with others, e. Additionally, it is known that the use of an illegal drug increases the likelihood that other drugs be adopted \[ 19 \], even if they were not reported by the dockworkers. When the workers were asked about the reasons that led their co-workers to use illegal drugs, the one most frequently reported was dependence. It is known that the use of illegal drugs causes chemical dependence, that is, an organic condition initiated with the use of psychoactive drugs that lead to the onset of symptoms such as an uncontrollable desire for the drug, loss of control, and increased intolerance \[ 20 \]. This is an important clinical condition and, for this reason, healthcare workers should be attentive. The International Classification of Diseases \[ 21 \] presents a block—Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use F10—F19 —that contains a variety of diseases attributed to the use of psychoactive substances, showing the importance of identifying the use of illegal drugs and the chemical dependence it causes. The proposal that it decreases tiredness was also used, by the drug users and their co-workers, to justify the use of drugs. This effect is mainly associated with cocaine, because it decreases tiredness and is used as a stimulant \[ 22 \]. They justify their use of drugs to acquire courage to perform the tasks but doing so jeopardizes their safety and that of their co-workers. This situation is well-suited to port work because this substance enables workers to become more courageous, decreasing the fear of heights and of falling into the sea, making them work faster increasing their productivity. The results of Poisson regression analysis indicate that wharfage workers, those with higher incomes, longer working hours, and smokers present a higher prevalence of illegal drug use. The function of wharfage workers is to move the goods within the port facilities, being responsible for receiving, checking, internal transportation, opening packages for custom inspection, handling, storage, delivery, loading and unloading vessels \[ 15 \]. These maneuvers require physical strength and even though this study does not more deeply analyze the labor issues that lead individuals to use illegal drugs, it is acknowledged that wharfage workers perform many tasks that require physical strength, which may contribute to the use of illegal drugs, as some drugs such as cocaine cause euphoria \[ 18 \]. Hence, higher income and longer working hours are associated with the use of illegal drugs because, as previously mentioned, some drugs function as stimulants \[ 22 \]. In regard to the increased use of illegal drugs among smokers, it is known that individuals who use illegal drugs present high rates of smoking. A study that sought smoking patterns among illegal drug users shows that most drug users also smoke cigarettes \[ 25 \]. This result presents directions for healthcare professionals also to address the use of tobacco when treating dependence to illegal drugs. During risk communication, we also identified individuals with infectious contagious diseases hepatitis B, C and syphilis. Hepatitis B and C are frequently mentioned in the literature as diseases related to the use of illegal drugs \[ 11 , 26 \], which are even more frequent than HIV \[ 1 \]. A year retrospective cohort study examined the monitoring of causes of mortality among injectable drug users affected by hepatitis C. The analysis indicated that mortality among drug users is more frequently linked to the use of injectable drugs intoxication, suicide than to complications accruing from hepatitis C \[ 11 \]. Therefore, it is important to diagnose and refer patients to specialized services to initiate the treatment for hepatitis and also to refer the user to a rehabilitation service. The diagnosis of syphilis is of concern because this is an infectious contagious disease that affects pregnant women and leads to congenital syphilis, that is, it is a disease that may be transmitted to infants and lead to severe complications. The World Health Organization estimates 1 million cases of syphilis every year among pregnant women \[ 27 \]. Even though pregnant women were not the focus of this study, the concern here is to provide timely treatment for their sexual partners affected by syphilis. Only four of the dockworkers who reported the use of illegal drugs during the individual interviews participated in risk communication addressing illegal drugs. This low adherence from illegal drug users shows that individual interventions need to be implemented among those using illegal drugs, since these individuals did not accept the collective invitation. In this sense, we recommend deepening the topic regarding the use of drugs among dockworkers and other workers by identifying frequency and quantity of illegal drug use, as well as occupational accidents for which these individuals may be responsible. For this reason, workers using illegal drugs require more attention at work than those who do not use drugs. The fact that these individuals use drugs jeopardizes their safety and that of those workers who do not use illegal drugs, as will be reflected in the collective nature of port work and activities. The conclusion is that there is a need to direct attention to the use of illegal drugs among dockworkers and others performing collective tasks, such as professional drivers, construction workers and police, that is, activities in which safety depends not on a single individual but on co-workers. Hence, this study provides evidence that motivates future research on the topic seeking the treatment of these individuals to improve occupational safety, productivity and occupational health. Marta Regina Cezar-Vaz coordinated the research project, participated in data collection, interpretation and manuscript preparation and had the main role in the study design. Clarice Alves Bonow participated in data collection, interpretation and manuscript preparation and participated in the study design. Marlise Capa Verde de Almeida participated in data collection, interpretation and manuscript preparation. All authors critically revised the manuscript for intellectual content and approved the final manuscript. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Find articles by Marta Regina Cezar-Vaz. Find articles by Clarice Alves Bonow. Find articles by Mara Regina Santos da Silva. Find articles by Marlise Capa Verde de Almeida. Paul B Tchounwou : Academic Editor. Open in a new tab. Similar articles. Add to Collections. Create a new collection. Add to an existing collection. Choose a collection Unable to load your collection due to an error Please try again. Add Cancel. Cargo checking. Robust variable hours x years. Working hours.

How can I buy cocaine online in Osh