How can I buy cocaine online in Baghdad

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How can I buy cocaine online in Baghdad

Activities by an organized crime group involving the illegal entry, transit or residence of migrants for a financial or material benefit. The production, transport, storage and sale of goods that are fraudulently mislabeled or fraudulent imitations of registered brands. The illicit transport, handling and sale of excise consumer goods despite a ban or outside a legal market. Excludes oil and counterfeits. The illicit trade and possession of species covered by CITES convention, and other species protected under national law. The poaching, illicit trade in and possession of species covered by CITES and other species protected by national law. Includes IUU fishing. The illicit extraction, smuggling, mingling, bunkering or mining of natural resources and the illicit trade of such commodities. The production, distribution and sale of heroin. Consumption of the drug is considered in determining the reach of the criminal market. The production, distribution and sale of cocaine and its derivatives. Consumption is considered in determining the reach of the market. The illicit cultivation, distribution and sale of cannabis oil, resin, herb or leaves. Consumption is used to determine the market's reach. The production, distribution and sale of synthetic drugs. Organized crime that results in a monetary loss via financial fraud, embezzlement, misuse of funds, tax evasion and abusive tax avoidance. Clearly defined organized crime groups that usually have a known name, defined leadership, territorial control and identifiable membership. Loose networks of criminal associates engaging in criminal activities who fail to meet the defining characteristics of mafia-style groups. Includes foreign nationals and diaspora groups. The State's role in responding to organized crime and its effectiveness. The degree to which states have put oversight mechanisms in place to ensure against state collusion in illicit activities. A country's supranational structures and processes of interaction, policy making and concrete implementation to respond to organized crime. The degree to which states are able to control their physical and cyber territory and infrastructure against organized criminal activities. Assistance provided to victims of various forms of organized crime, including initiatives such as witness protection programs. Refers to the existence of strategies, measures, resource allocation, programmes and processes that are aimed to inhibit organized crime. The widespread displacement of many Iraqis and neighbouring populations has led to the emergence of a thriving human smuggling and trafficking market in the country. Those who have been displaced from their homes are more susceptible to being trafficked, with sexual exploitation and forced labour among the most prevalent forms of human trafficking in Iraq. Women and children are especially vulnerable to sexual exploitation, which remains a highly lucrative criminal activity in the country. Women with a former affiliation with the Islamic State tend to be stigmatized, and are therefore at particularly high risk. Children living in Iraqi refugee camps, especially those from minority groups, are vulnerable to being forcibly recruited by one of the many armed groups operating in the country. The Islamic State, despite its territorial losses, reportedly continues to engage in human smuggling operations in the country, leveraging its knowledge of border regions and discreet routes through the desert. Smuggling activity is particularly prevalent in Iraqi Kurdistan, where vulnerable people seek the aid of smugglers to reach Europe. Iraqi nationals, especially young people, make up the majority of irregular migration into the EU. Meanwhile, the smuggling of Syrian nationals into Iraq is surging, particularly in border regions, where local Iraqi tribes control the border with Syria and dominate the flow of goods and people in to and out of the country. There has been a particular upsurge in the smuggling of Syrian migrants to the Kurdish city of Erbil and along the Iraqi border provinces of Nineveh and Anbar. Bribery and corruption are rampant in both the human trafficking and smuggling markets in Iraq. In addition, the country is facing a growing problem of extortion and protection racketeering, with militias and other criminal actors believed to be involved. These groups exploit their territorial dominance by extorting money from residents in the areas under their control. Arms trafficking is a critical issue in Iraq, fuelled by the country's strategic location as a transit and destination point for foreign arms supplies. Weapons from past conflicts continue to circulate, and the combination of weak border security and corruption allows the market to flourish. Stockpile diversion is common in Iraq, with weapons intended for Iraqi military and law enforcement officials often ending up on the black market. An increasing number of Iraqi and Kurdish citizens possess firearms, mainly for perceived self-defence against theft and clan-based violence. Popular weapons include pistols, mortars, rockets and heavy machine guns, most of which are of Russian and Chinese origin. In other cases, weapons are transported through Iraq and smuggled out of the country to neighbouring states. Weapons transiting Iraq are typically moved through its eastern border with Syria. This area is known to be a hub for cross-border trafficking networks, operated by both local tribes and foreign militias. Iraq is also reportedly serving as a transit country for Iranian weapons destined for Russia. The illicit sale of counterfeit and excisable products is rampant in Iraq, fuelled by weak governmental oversight and severe economic challenges. Criminal networks exploit the population's need for low-priced goods, making the country fertile ground for the sale of fake items. Counterfeit goods are smuggled into the country through both licit and illicit border crossings, and include electrical and household appliances, cooking materials and spare car parts. In particular, there has been a significant increase in counterfeit items, especially counterfeit or substandard pharmaceutical products, posing a significant risk to public health. Iraq is also a major global exporter of counterfeit products, particularly in terms of fake leather goods, footwear, clothing, handbags and jewellery. The illicit trade of excisable goods is also relatively widespread in Iraq, and the northern city of Duhok serves as a hub for cigarette smuggling. Although the sale and consumption of alcohol are legal under Iraqi national law, various local administrations in central and southern governorates have enforced a prohibition on its sale, resulting in the rise of a black market for alcohol. Iraq's illicit flora trade remains small, but the country's flora development over the past decades has been significantly undermined. The widespread palm tree is particularly at risk, partly due to trafficking to consumers in the Persian Gulf, as well as to its destruction through conflict and untreated disease. Iraq is both a source and transit country for wildlife crime, with traffickers exploiting legislative gaps to hunt and smuggle endangered species, including Euphrates soft-shell turtles and falcons. Birds are the most sought-after fauna, with the white, blond, red and golden eagles, as well as peregrine falcon being the most valuable in neighbouring countries due to their ability to quickly fly long distances. Flamingo trafficking is pervasive in the Maysan region, with prices being driven up by wealthy Iraqis and foreigners from Gulf countries looking for status symbols. Iraq possesses one of the largest oil reserves in the world, as well as a significant number of mineral resources, including valuable metals such as uranium, gold and silver. Despite the abundance of these resources, the oil and gas industry in Iraq has become a breeding ground for illicit activities. Oil smuggling has become especially rampant, with smugglers taking advantage of both the high global energy prices and heavily subsidized Iraqi products, leading to frequent fuel shortages throughout the country. Reports suggest that these smuggling activities are organized by state-embedded criminal actors who control the country's oil wells. The majority of Iraq's smuggled oil moves to and through the Iraqi Kurdish region, causing tension between Baghdad and the de facto government in the Kurdish territories. The country serves as both a transit and consumption country for heroin. The drug, some of which is destined for the European market, primarily arrives from Afghanistan through Iran. Cannabis use and trafficking are widespread in Iraq, largely due to its affordability and availability. Iraqi officials have been seizing cannabis on an almost daily basis over the past decade, with recent drug busts leading to the dismantling of various drug trafficking networks in Basra and the Maysam governorate. Iraq has emerged as a prominent market for synthetic drugs, with methamphetamine accounting for over half of the country's drug trade. Most methamphetamine is smuggled into the country from Iran, and its wide availability has resulted in a significant drop in price in recent years. This has led to an incremental growth in its use in the southern border provinces, where local authorities have recorded a sharp increase in drug dependence and drug-related arrests in recent years. Notably, record levels of methamphetamine use have been reported among Iraq's youth. The influx of Captagon, a synthetic drug predominantly produced in Syria, has also become a significant concern in recent years, especially regarding vulnerable adults and children suffering from post-traumatic stress. The extent and characteristics of cyber-dependent crimes in Iraq are not widely known, although cybercrime appears to be on the rise in the country. The rapid proliferation of internet and communication networks, further amplified by the COVID pandemic, presents significant cybersecurity challenges. Cyber-dependent crimes in Iraq mainly take the form of distributed denial-of-service attacks, ransomware and viruses, and are frequently aimed at political opponents, with a large share of these crimes carried out by Iranian-backed militias in Iraq. These groups also conduct cyber-dependent crimes outside of the country, often motivated by geopolitical factors. For example, over the years there have been multiple reports of Iraqi-based groups with alleged ties to Iran launching cyber-attacks on Israeli organizations and businesses. It is estimated that hundreds of billions of dollars have been diverted from the public treasury since the fall of Saddam Hussein's regime in More recently, another embezzlement scheme was revealed involving high-level officials, in which billions of dollars in tax revenue were embezzled through corrupt practices and shell companies. In addition, tax evasion by large companies in the private sector is a growing phenomenon in the country. State officials are often accused of forging public administration documents for the benefit of private entities, helping them evade taxes in exchange for large sums of money. This practice has reportedly resulted in billions of dollars in financial losses. Consequently, Iraq has become a transit area for the activities of foreign actors. Similarly, the powers amassed by Iranian-backed militias on the battlefield against the Islamic State have translated into political stature that allows these groups to operate in the shadow of the state. As such, Iranian-backed militias in Iraq have entrenched themselves in the Iraqi government, either through electoral victories or by infiltrating public agencies. Involved in a wide range of illicit economies, these militias generate millions of dollars from criminal activities such as arms trafficking, drug trafficking and the illicit oil trade. In Iraqi Kurdistan, there are a number of Kurdish political-military groups with members from neighbouring countries, mainly from Syria, Turkey and Iran, that operate as militias from inside Kurdish territory. The country's networks are diverse, consisting of old and new players, including militias that take advantage of existing networks to further their criminal operations. Tribal structures are also increasingly intertwined with criminal networks, acting as gatekeepers to important border points that traffickers seek to exploit. These tribal criminal networks capitalize on porous desert border zones, weak border control and corruptible officials. The criminal activities of these networks are varied, ranging from drug trafficking to robberies, hired killings and human trafficking. Criminal tribal networks are known to exploit the available resources in their areas, perpetuating the region's longstanding problem of antiquities smuggling. Iraq's private sector is also regularly involved in criminal operations, partly as a result of extortion practices. State officials are frequently accused of engaging in corrupt activities, including turning a blind eye to tax evasion in exchange for forging public administration for the benefit of criminal private actors. The widely-used hawala system, an underground money-transfer network vulnerable to money laundering, dominates money transfers in Iraq for both small and large transactions, making it challenging to discover illicit activities carried out by private sector actors. Mafia-style groups are also pervasive throughout the country and have gained notoriety for their often violent activities, including claims of secret prisons and mass graves. They also resort to extortion by imposing unofficial taxes on legal businesses and illicit goods. The northern territories of Iraq, particularly in Iraqi Kurdistan, have become a hub for mafia-style groups engaged in oil smuggling, the majority of which is trafficked to Turkey. In Iraqi Kurdistan, such groups employ mafia-like approaches to combat dissident voices, targeting independent media outlets and journalists in particular. In recent years, intense factional rivalry among various Iraqi and Iranian-backed mafia-style groups has resulted in a surge in violence throughout the country. A range of problems in Iraqi leadership and governance has led to the flourishing of organized crime in recent years. Troubled by internal rivalries, the government has not yet been able to create a political force that establishes stability within the country and eliminates organized crime. The government has been using a quota system since to allocate government positions based on sectarian and ethnic lines, with the aim of ensuring proportional representation. However, internal rivalries among parties holding government seats have resulted in a fragmented political leadership that fuels patronage networks and widespread corruption, including cronyism, nepotism, embezzlement and fraud. Despite some official policies to improve transparency, the Iraqi government still operates with little openness. Political corruption remains widespread, with poorly managed assets, insufficient oversight of arms sales and little debate by Parliament. There is also a notable lack of transparency on the smuggling of Iraq's resources, such as oil, which has raised suspicions of government officials' involvement in criminal activities. Iraq's Parliament approved a new government in October , after a lengthy political deadlock, but many conflicting parties are believed to be affiliated with organized crime. The battle against the Islamic State, civil unrest and the COVID pandemic have also redirected focus and resources away from tackling organized crime. Iraq receives substantial support from the international community and donor states. In recent years, the country has developed several collaborative initiatives to enhance state capacity to fight organized crime, particularly with the UNODC, although such assistance is often limited to training and awareness programmes. Iraq has a wide variety of national policies and laws targeting organized crime, although it is unclear to what extent such measures have been effective. Perpetrators of human trafficking are often not prosecuted, and enforcement of laws to protect wildlife is limited. Similarly, although laws to combat oil smuggling have been in place for decades, they have not been effective in eliminating these operations. The availability of arms has become more visible in recent years, which encouraged the government to introduce stronger controls in the form of draft laws, resulting in closer monitoring of weapons. Rampant corruption and nepotism threaten criminal justice and security in Iraq. The judicial system is overburdened, and its efficacy is hindered by corruption, a lack of political independence, limited institutional cooperation, long delays and a lack of enforcement regarding both penalties and investigations into criminal activity. The lack of judges, lawyers and prosecutors hinders the ability to combat organized crime, with many judges being threatened or killed by criminal groups. Lack of funding, the outsourcing of security functions and widespread corruption continue to undermine law enforcement capacity to fight organized crime and establish countrywide security. Although some parts of the country, such as Iraqi Kurdistan, are relatively secure, in remote areas such as desert regions local police roles have diminished and have been largely replaced by local militias and tribal powers. High border porosity has enabled cross-border organized criminal activity such as drug and human trafficking to flourish. Corruption among border officials remains pervasive, and lack of cooperation between border officials in Iraq and Iraqi Kurdistan threatens territorial integrity and security. Iraq is highly susceptible to money laundering, lacking both a structured banking system and effective anti-money laundering mechanisms. Criminal syndicates take advantage of lax law enforcement and Iraq's cash-based economy, which allows money to flow easily in and out of the country. Despite national policy changes, Iraq has made slow progress in implementing international laws and conventions to combat money laundering. Corruption hinders the establishment of international banking relationships, limiting possibilities for financial transactions and rendering the economy largely cash-based. As a result, many rely on the informal hawala system for both small and large financial transfers, which remains vulnerable to illicit financial flows. Similarly, Iraq's economic and financial environment remains fragile, with oil exports dominating the economy. The government is under pressure to continue expanding production and increase public revenue, but ongoing inflation, unemployment and stagnant wages are further straining the country's economic regulatory capacity. Capital flight also poses a major economic challenge, exacerbating the country's unemployment crisis and affecting high debt volumes and low business volumes. Meanwhile, political instability has emboldened actors to exploit the state's structural weaknesses and ineffective economic regulatory systems, aggravating the challenges. Despite cooperating with international institutions to improve the country's economic regulatory environment, progress has yet to materialize. Victim and witness support services in Iraq are limited. Despite increased government efforts to identify and assist human trafficking victims, major deficiencies persist, and law enforcement officials lack the necessary training in victim identification methods. Additionally, the healthcare system is overburdened and unable to provide adequate support for substance abuse, despite an increase in drug consumption among the Iraqi population. Although welfare shelters for female victims do exist, mainly in Baghdad, the state neither recognizes nor supports these shelters, leaving them to operate underground with minimal resources. The government also fails to provide protection services for former child soldiers, putting them at risk of revictimization or re-recruitment. Moreover, the implementation of crime prevention strategies in Iraq faces several barriers, including funding deficits, inadequate working strategies and inaction. While Iraqi civil society is relatively active, they encounter serious difficulties due to a significant lack of transparency regarding public information. It is challenging to determine the role of civil society in the fight against organized crime. Activists, journalists and lawyers — particularly those who criticized the government since the October protests — continue to be harassed, kidnapped, attacked or even murdered. Governmental control of journalists and civil society could be further tightened by a proposed cybercrime law, which would give authorities the right to monitor and prosecute people for their online activities. The criminal markets score is represented by the pyramid base size and the criminal actors score is represented by the pyramid height, on a scale ranging from 1 to The resilience score is represented by the panel height, which can be identified by the side of the panel. A series of 13 discussion papers, one for each illicit market considered during the development of the Index. We're constantly working to improve the Index. By participating in this survey, you will be providing us with insights and suggestions that will help us make the Index an even better resource. This report was funded in part by a grant from the United States Department of State. The opinions, findings and conclusions stated herein are those of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State. Capital Baghdad. Income group Upper middle income. Population 43,, Geography type Coastal. GINI Index Criminal markets 6. An assessment of the value, prevalence and non-monetary impacts of a specific crime type. Human trafficking 7. Human smuggling 8. Extortion and protection racketeering 7. Arms trafficking 9. Trade in counterfeit goods 6. Illicit trade in excisable goods 6. Flora crimes 1. Fauna crimes 4. Non-renewable resource crimes 9. Heroin trade 6. Cocaine trade 5. Cannabis trade 5. Synthetic drug trade 7. Cyber-dependent crimes 2. Financial crimes 9. Criminal actors 8. An assessment of the impact and influence of a specific criminal actor type on society. Mafia-style groups 6. Criminal networks 8. State-embedded actors 8. Foreign actors 9. Private sector actors 7. Political leadership and governance 3. Government transparency and accountability 2. International cooperation 4. National policies and laws 3. A state's legal action and structures put in place to respond to organized crime. Judicial system and detention 3. Law enforcement 3. Territorial integrity 2. Anti-money laundering 4. Economic regulatory capacity 3. Victim and witness support 2. Prevention 3. Non-state actors 3. Analysis Download full profile english. People The widespread displacement of many Iraqis and neighbouring populations has led to the emergence of a thriving human smuggling and trafficking market in the country. Trade Arms trafficking is a critical issue in Iraq, fuelled by the country's strategic location as a transit and destination point for foreign arms supplies. Environment Iraq's illicit flora trade remains small, but the country's flora development over the past decades has been significantly undermined. Cyber Crimes The extent and characteristics of cyber-dependent crimes in Iraq are not widely known, although cybercrime appears to be on the rise in the country. Leadership and governance A range of problems in Iraqi leadership and governance has led to the flourishing of organized crime in recent years. Criminal justice and security Rampant corruption and nepotism threaten criminal justice and security in Iraq. Economic and financial environment Iraq is highly susceptible to money laundering, lacking both a structured banking system and effective anti-money laundering mechanisms. Civil society and social protection Victim and witness support services in Iraq are limited. Read the analysis Listen the podcasts View all events. Next Skip. How to measure organized crime? Read more on globalinitiative. Give us feedback We're constantly working to improve the Index.

Drug and Alcohol Use in Iraq: Findings of the Inaugural Iraqi Community Epidemiological Workgroup

How can I buy cocaine online in Baghdad

Our community members are treated to special offers, promotions and adverts from us and our partners. You can check out at any time. More info. An illiterate goatherder from northern Iraq ended up dealing Class A drugs on the streets of Aberystwyth. Hawre Ahmed worked for an organised crime group that was using asylum seekers as couriers and dealers and using car washes and barber shops as 'front' businesses. Ahmed was living in Newcastle when he was taken to the mid Wales town where he operated as part of a gang which included fellow Kurd Karwan Jabari who had been recruited in Northampton. Ahmed and Jabari are the latest dealers to be sent down following a major police investigation into a Swansea - and Birmingham-based crime gang which was shipping large quantities of cocaine and cannabis into Aberystwyth. A dozen members of the crime group have already been jailed for their parts in the conspiracy including one of the three leaders of the gang, year-old Toana Ahmad from the West Midlands. The two other heads of the gang have been identified by police but are currently on the run and are believed to have fled to Iraq. Swansea Crown Court has previously heard the organised crime group was running a county lines-type model utilising four different drugs phones to connect with customers and was operating out of multiple properties and guesthouses in Aberystwyth. Ian Wright, prosecuting, said the gang ran a 'sophisticated, well-organised, and evolving operation' to traffic significant quantities of cocaine and cannabis into the town. He said the gang 'embedded' trusted operatives in Aberystwyth and used couriers, including a taxi driver, to transport drugs, cash, and people to and from mid Wales. Many of those recruited by the gang were asylum seekers who had been granted leave to remain in the UK and the gang used car wash businesses and barber shops as 'fronts' for their operation. Some of the dealers operated in the town for a matter of days or weeks before being replaced while others spent months there. Two of the gang members were the defendants Ahmed and Jabari. Ahmed operated as a street dealer and was caught carrying an 41 wraps of cocaine while Jabari was a 'trusted courier and embedded drug dealer' who made a number of car journeys between Swansea, the West Midlands, and Aberystwyth with other gang members and was in contact with three of the group's four drugs lines while operating in Aberystwyth. Hawre Ahmed, aged 35, of Pinderfields Road, Wakefield, West Yorkshire, had previously been convicted at trial of conspiracy to supply Class A and B drugs when he appeared in the dock for sentencing and year-old Karwan Jabari, of Weedon Close, Northampton, had previously pleaded guilty to the same offences when he appeared alongside the co-defendant. Ian Ibrahim, for Ahmed, said his client had been a goatherder in Kurdistan whose father had died in the war in Iraq and who found himself living under Isis occupation. He said the defendant came to the UK 'seeking a better life' and was subsequently recruited by Toana Ahmad and transported to Aberystwyth where he operated as a street dealer for four days before being arrested on his fifth day in the town. The barrister added that Ahmed is illiterate and has his name tattooed on his forearm which he can point to when someone wants to spell his name. Counsel for Jabari said the defendant had 'fallen off the path of goodness' but was taking every opportunity while in prison to complete courses 'to ensure he never finds himself in this position again'. He said in August last year his client had gone to Iraq to get married then returned to the UK nine days later where he was remanded into custody. Ahmed was sentenced to four years in prison and Jabari to three years in prison. Defendants ordinarily serve up to half their sentences in custody before being released on licence to serve the remainder in the community. By Jason Evans Court and crime reporter. Get the latest Wales Online breaking news on WhatsApp. Join us on WhatsApp. This interactive tool allows you to check the latest crime statistics for your area. Story Saved. Follow Wales Online. Facebook Twitter. Police have confirmed that a woman died at the property. Boss laid off member of staff because she came back from maternity leave pregnant again. 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How can I buy cocaine online in Baghdad