How Many People In The World Have Herpes

How Many People In The World Have Herpes
Some people feel like their love lives are over when they find out they have herpes, but its just not true. People with herpes have romantic and sexual relationships with each other, or with partners who dont have herpes.
Talking about STDs isnt the most fun conversation youll ever have. But its super important to always tell partners if you have herpes, so you can help prevent it from spreading.
Theres no one way to talk about having an STD, but here are some tips that may help:
Keep calm and carry on. Millions of people have herpes, and plenty of them are in relationships. For most couples, herpes isnt a huge deal. Try to go into the conversation with a calm, positive attitude. Having herpes is simply a health issue it doesnt say anything about you as a person.
Make it a two-way conversation. Remember that STDs are super common, so who knows? Your partner might have herpes too. So start by asking if theyve ever been tested or had an STD before.
Know your facts. Theres a lot of misinformation about herpes out there, so read up on the facts and be prepared to set the record straight. Let your partner know there are ways to treat herpes and avoid passing it on during sex.
Tell your past partners too, so they can get tested.
It turns out you can have herpes without knowing it, even in a monogamous relationship. Thats because even if there are no noticeable symptoms like small red bumps, white blisters, pain, or itching, you can still spread the viral cells and unknowingly infect a partner. So p romiscuous or polyamorous people arent the only ones at risk.
The herpes virus is the most infectious just before, during, and after an outbreak when blisters are present. But it also has silent shedding between outbreaks, meaning the virus can spread at just about any time. And intercourse isnt the only way to contract this sexually transmitted infection, often called an STI by clinicians. The majority of new infections are HSV-1, passed from one persons mouth to another persons genitals during oral sex, says Jill Grimes, MD, who wrote the book Seductive Delusions: How Everyday People Catch STIs.
A lot of people are completely dumbfounded when theyre diagnosed because they didnt know they could get HSV-1 on their genitals from oral sex, adds Vensel. I tell them, Hey, look this is normal and its okay. I know it sucks and youre in pain, but its not the end of the world.’
Condoms can reduce your herpes risk if theyre used correctly during vaginal, anal and oral sex, but theyre not foolproof. Herpes can be spread via skin to skin contact in areas that arent covered.
Most people who have genital herpes have no symptoms, or have very mild symptoms. You may not notice mild symptoms or you may mistake them for another skin condition, such as a pimple or ingrown hair. Because of this, most people who have herpes do not know it.
Herpes sores usually appear as one or more blisters on or around the genitals, rectum or mouth. The blisters break and leave painful sores that may take a week or more to heal. These symptoms are sometimes called having an outbreak. The first time someone has an outbreak they may also have flu-like symptoms such as fever, body aches, or swollen glands.
People who experience an initial outbreak of herpes can have repeated outbreaks, especially if they are infected with HSV-2. Repeat outbreaks are usually shorter and less severe than the first outbreak. Although the infection stays in the body for the rest of your life, the number of outbreaks may decrease over time.
You should be examined by your doctor if you notice any of these symptoms or if your partner has an STD or symptoms of an STD. STD symptoms can include an unusual sore, a smelly genital discharge, burning when urinating, or bleeding between periods.
More than 3.7 billion people under the age of 50 or 67% of the population are infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 , according to WHOs first global estimates of HSV-1 infection published today in the journal PLOS ONE .
Herpes simplex virus is categorized into 2 types: herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 . Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 are highly infectious and incurable. HSV-1 is primarily transmitted by oral-oral contact and in most cases causes orolabial herpes or cold sores around the mouth. HSV-2 is almost entirely sexually transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, causing genital herpes.
Access to education and information on both types of herpes and sexually transmitted infections is critical to protect young peoples health before they become sexually active,
Dr Marleen Temmerman, Director of WHOs Department of Reproductive Health and Research
The new estimates highlight, however, that HSV-1 is also an important cause of genital herpes. Some 140 million people aged 15-49 years are infected with genital HSV-1 infection, primarily in the Americas, Europe and Western Pacific. Fewer people in high-income countries are becoming infected with HSV-1 as children, likely due to better hygiene and living conditions, and are instead at risk of contracting it genitally through oral sex after they become sexually active.
More than 3.7 billion individuals below the age of 50 carry the herpes simplex virus type 1 , often catching it in childhood.
More than 3.7 billion individuals below the age of 50 carry the herpes simplex virus type 1 , often catching it in childhood.
The World Health Organization published a study in the journal PLOS ONE reporting that not only does more than half the worlds population carry the HSV-1 virus mainly transferred through mouth-to-mouth contact and resulting in cold sores but that 417 million people also carry HSV-2, which is commonly known to cause genital herpes.
Researchers discovered that as rich countries improve their hygiene thereby lowering rates of HSV-1 infections in childhood, young adults are more at risk for contracting it through oral sex.
Naturally, education is key. Marleen Temmerman, MD, director of WHOs Department of Reproductive Health and Research, said in a statement, Access to education and information on both types of herpes and sexually transmitted infections is critical to protect young peoples health before they become sexually active. The new estimates highlight the crucial need for countries to improve data collection for both HSV types and sexually transmitted infections in general.
Classified by region, the most HSV-1 infections were found in Africa:
Estimates for HSV-1 prevalence by region among people aged 0-49 in 2012
· Americas: 178 million women , 142 million men
· Africa: 350 million women , 355 million men
More than 50 percent of the adult population in the United States has oral herpes . Most people contract oral herpes when they are children by receiving a kiss from a friend or relative.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , about 12% persons ages 14-49 in the United States has genital HSV-2 infection however, as many as 90 percent are unaware that they have the virus. There are many reasons people do not know they have herpes .
Anyone who is sexually active can contract genital herpes.
The recently reported study tested the two different herpes vaccine candidates RVx201 and RVx202 by administering them to guinea pigs either vaginally or intradermally. After a 28-day observation period, the researchers found that neither herpes vaccine candidate established latency in the guinea pigs. They also found that all of the guinea pigs survived to the end of the study without developing any HSV-2 related disease or adverse reactions. The study concludes that the two novel herpes vaccine candidates are safe in guinea pigs and hence should be tested for efficacy as a preventative and/or therapeutic herpes vaccine against genital herpes.
The lead author of the group, Jonathan Joyce, said that the results are encouraging and validate the need for continued testing and development of live-attenuated herpes vaccine candidates, which according to him, are historically underdeveloped herpes vaccine types for the treatment and prevention of genital herpes.
If you are pregnant and have genital herpes , you may believe the myth that youll definitely transmit the virus to your newborn baby. Fortunately, with the right precautions, your baby faces a very small risk of contracting the herpes virus. Nearly 30% of pregnant women have genital herpes, but only 0.1% of babies born in the U.S. each year contract neonatal herpes.
Fact: Most of the time, herpes is mild. However, it can cause serious complications in some cases.
For example, having HSV-2 can make a person three times more likely to contract HIV .
Also, if an infant has exposure to herpes during delivery, they are at risk of neonatal herpes. This can cause brain damage or death. Research suggests that neonatal herpes affects
Both types of herpes are most contagious when a person has symptoms. However, herpes can still spread when no symptoms are present.
Genital herpes spreads through sexual contact. The likelihood of a person spreading it will depend on:
Using barrier method contraception reduces the risk of spreading herpes to a sexual partner, but it cannot prevent it completely. Dental dams can reduce the risk of spread during oral sex, as herpes can pass between a persons mouth and their partners genitals.
Research shows that older herpes infections are less contagious than newer ones. In other words, if a person has had the virus for many years, they may be less likely to spread it than someone who has recently contracted it.
People can also get oral herpes through nonsexual contact with a person who has the virus. This contact may include kissing or sharing utensils or drinks.
According to a recent report by the World Health Organization , 2 out of 3 people under the age of 50 have Herpes Simplex Virus 1 , more commonly known as oral herpes. That’s a staggering 3.7 billion people with a incurable virus.
But the thing about HSV-1 and HSV-2 — the “bad” herpes — is that they’re very poorly understood by the general public, and even by some physicians. So if the headline above seemed shocking or offensive to you, we need to have a little chat. Because if you think that people with HSV are icky deviants covered in oozing sores, you’ve got a lot to learn — and you could very well be ignoring your own HSV status.
Here’s what you need to know about the WHO’s recent findings:
1. Yes, pretty much everyone has herpes — and more and more of it is genital
HSV-1 is known for causing cold sores — not “real” herpes, the STI that can cause sores around the genitals. This used to be pretty much true. In the past, most of the people who had HSV-1 got it as children, via dry smooches from infected aunties and the like.
But as people gained awareness of the contagious nature of cold sores, they became more cautious about exposing young children to a skin outbreak. That means more and more of us get to adulthood without any HSV immunity.
And even though HSV-1 prefers to live in mouths and HSV-2 prefers to live in genitals, they’re capable of swapping neighborhoods in a pinch. So considerate young lovers with HSV-1 can unwittingly spread genital herpes.
Coldsores aren’t exclusive to just the lip region. “Although many cold sores are found at the region of the lip known as the vermilion border, they can also pop up at other locations such as around the nose and even on the tongue,” says Nesochi Okeke-Igbokwe, M.D., M.S. over email. “The infection may potentially spread to the eyes if proper hygiene practices are not maintained when one has an active cold sore.”
About half a billion people worldwide are living with genital herpes, and several billion have an oral herpes infection, new estimates show.
Authored by staff at the University of Bristol, World Health Organization , and Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, and published in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization , the new study estimates the global infection prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in 2016.
Herpes infection affects millions of people across the globe and can have far-reaching health effects. We need more investment and commitment to develop better treatment and prevention tools for this infection. says Dr Sami Gottlieb, Medical Officer at WHO and an author of the study.
There are actually several other subtypes of herpes viruses that are from the same family as HSV-1 and HSV-2. This family is known as Herpesviridae .
Alternatively, HSV-1 and HSV-2 are also known as human herpesvirus 1 and human herpesvirus 2 , respectively.
The other human herpesviruses include:
Many of these subtypes are contracted in childhood.
If you know you’ve been exposed to herpes, you might want to watch for “prodromal” symptoms. “About 50% of people will have symptoms such as itching, tingling, or pain on genital skin before blisters or sores appear,” says Dr. Shim. Usually you’ll experience an outbreak later, but it’s possible to have this tingling or itching and have no sores show up, she says.
HSV-1 is a very common virus. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 3.7 billion people aged 50 or under are infected by HSV-1, which amounts to around 67 percent of the global population within this age group.
HSV-1 is a common virus in both developed and developing countries. Most people infected with HSV-1 acquire it during childhood or young adulthood, with the typical age of acquisition ranging from five to nine years of age in Central Europe to 25+ in Northern Europe.
Rates of HSV-1 infection are highest in Africa, where WHO data estimates an 87 percent infection rate, and lowest in the Americas, where the infection rate is estimated at 40 percent to 50 percent.
Interestingly, women are slightly more likely to have HSV-1 than men , although the virus is very common in both sexes.
Simply put, HSV-1 is extremely common. The majority of the worlds populationparticularly people aged 50 or belowhave HSV-1, with most people experiencing few or no outbreaks despite being infected.
This means that if you have HSV-1, theres no reason to panic. Its a common virus that most people live with, and its effects are easy to control using widely available, affordable antiviral medicationlike valacyclovir .
Serologic evidence of HSV infection varies by country. The seroprevalence of HSV-1 is 78.4% in Germany, whereas, it is 42.7% in the Netherlands. A study of two cities in Italy on the prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 from 2000-2014 showed a significant decline in the study population for HSV-1 infection and a decline in HSV-2 infection from 22.4% to 11.5%. Similar findings have been seen in the United States.
Worldwide, the seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 is 67% and 11.3%, respectively. As in the United States, HSV-1 prevalence increases with advancing age worldwide. The highest prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 appears to be in Africa.
In the developing world, HSV-2 is becoming a common cause for genital ulcer disease, especially in countries with a high prevalence of HIV infection . International studies show seroprevalence in people co-infected with HIV being close to 90% for HSV-1 and up to 77% for HSV-2.
Roizman B, Whitley RJ. An inquiry into the molecular basis of HSV latency and reactivation. Annu Rev Microbiol . 2013. 67:355-74. .
Komala Sari T, Gianopulos KA, Nicola AV. Glycoprotein C of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Shields Glycoprotein B from Antibody Neutralization. J Virol . 2020 Feb 14. 94 :.
Hensel MT, Peng T, Cheng A, De Rosa SC, Wald A, Laing KJ, et al. Selective Expression of CCR10 and CXCR3 by Circulating Human Herpes Simplex Virus-Specific CD8 T Cells. J Virol . 2017 Oct 1. 91 :.

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Medically reviewed by Akanksha Sanghvi, MD

Written by Luminance Medical Affairs

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Herpes is a unique disease. Unlike other conditions that cause chronic or predictable symptoms, herpes is often an invisible disease.
The symptoms of herpes are only evident during an active outbreak . As soon as the virus wears itself out and returns to a dormant state, the symptoms disappear. Many people with herpes never suffer an outbreak, which means they remain asymptomatic their entire lives.
This begs the question: how many people have herpes in the U.S.? Believe it or not, the majority of Americans carry some form of this vir
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How Many People In The World Have Herpes

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