Grounding after moderate eccentric contractions reduces muscle damage.2015
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Заземление после умеренных эксцентрических сокращений снижает повреждение мышц.
Сгенерированная сводка:
Заключение Хотя исследование не показало разницы в облегчении боли, оно продемонстрировало, что заземление после умеренных эксцентрических сокращений привело к различиям в определенных маркерах между группами и / или внутри групп.
У заземленной группы в разные дни было значительно больше нейтрофилов и тромбоцитов.
В группе фиктивного приема КК на 2-й день было значительно выше, в то время как у заземленных субъектов не наблюдалось увеличения КК. Это важный результат, потому что CK из-за эксцентрических сокращений обычно значительно увеличивается в обеих группах.
Хотя боль уменьшилась в обеих группах после 2-го дня, она продолжала быть значительно выше, чем при доэкцентрических сокращениях.
Во всех внутригрупповых статистических тестах день 1 сравнивался со 2, 3 и 4 днями, а в межгрупповых статистических тестах сравнивались дни 1-4 ложно обоснованной группы с теми же днями заземленной группы.
Abstract:
Conclusion
While the study showed no difference in pain relief, it demonstrated that grounding after moderate eccentric contractions resulted in differences in certain markers between and/or within groups. The grounded group, on various days, had significantly higher neutrophils and platelets. Practical significance with respect to neutrophils and grounding should be further investigated because of 1) the important role of neutrophils in both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, and 2) the tendency of neutrophils in three previous studies to approach statistical significance. Platelet increase may be important due to their recently discovered participation in the immune inflammatory responses. The sham-grounded group had significantly higher CK on day 2 while the grounded subjects did not experience an increase in CK. This is an important result because CK due to eccentric contractions usually increases significantly in both groups. Grounding reduced the loss of CK from the injured muscle cells, indicating a healing effect.
Result
Both groups of subjects started with a low level of pain as determined by the VAS (1.52 for the sham-grounded group and 1.02 for the grounded group). This may be due to the fact that they were an active group of people and the time off requested before coming to the testing center was not enough to reduce soreness in the body completely. In any case, both experienced significantly more pain after the eccentric knee bends. Although the pain decreased in both groups after day 2, it continued to be significantly higher than pre-eccentric contractions (, and ,). All within-group statistical tests compared day 1 with days 2, 3, and 4, and between-group statistical tests compared days 1–4 of the sham-grounded group with the same days of the grounded group (ie, day 1 sham-grounded with day 1 grounded, etc).,The moderate eccentric contractions produced moderate muscle damage. In , and , it can be seen that the CK significantly increased 24 hours after the eccentric contractions in the sham-grounded subjects (,<0.01). However, CK did not increase significantly in the grounded subjects (,=0.14). On day 2, there was a significant difference between the sham-grounded and the grounded groups (,=0.04). On day 3, both groups had CK below their pre-exercise levels (,<0.01).,There were no significant differences within groups or between groups in total white blood cells (normal range 4.0–10.8 K/µL; ,).,On day 2, the sham-grounded subjects’ neutrophils decreased, but the grounded subjects’ neutrophils increased (normal range 1.6–8.3 K/µL). The statistical test between groups was not significant (,=0.06). However, the between-group difference on day 3 was significant (,=0.05; , and ,).,There were no significant differences within or between groups in lymphocytes (normal range 1.00–2.90 K/µL; ,).,There were no significant differences within or between groups in monocytes (normal range 0.30–0.80 K/µL; ,).,On day 3, there was a significant increase within the grounded group (,=0.02) and a significant difference between groups (,=0.02) as eosinophils increased more in the grounded group than in the sham-grounded group (normal range 0.00–0.20 K/µL; , and ,).,There were no significant differences within or between groups in basophils (normal range 0.00–0.10 K/µL; ,).,There were no significant red blood cell differences between groups (normal range 4.7–6.1 M/µL). On day 4, there was a significant increase within the grounded group (,=0.01; , and ,). There was no difference between pre and post eccentric contractions for the sham-grounded group.,There were no significant hemoglobin differences between groups (normal range 13.8–16.6 g/dL). On day 3 and day 4, there were significant increases within the grounded group (,=0.02 and ,=0.01, respectively). There was no difference between pre and post for the sham-grounded group (, and ,).,There were no significant hematocrit differences between groups (normal range 42.9%–49.1%). On day 3 and day 4, there were significant increases within the grounded group (,=0.05 and ,=0.01, respectively; , and ,). There was no difference between pre and post days for the sham-grounded group.,There were no significant differences within or between groups in red cell distribution width (normal range 11.5%–14.5%; ,).,There were no significant differences within or between groups in bilirubin (normal range 0.3–1.0 mg/dL; ,).,There were no significant platelet differences within groups (normal range 130–400 K/µL). However, there were significant platelet differences between groups on day 2 (,=0.04), day 3 (,=0.04), and day 4 (,=0.03) with the grounded group having significant increases in platelets in their blood (, and ,).