GRAPHENE AND VACCINES: NEW STUDIES

Italian original version
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It is possible to create graphene-based vaccines equipped with biosensors.

1) GRAPHENE OXIDE AS AN ADJUVANT

Graphene oxide is being touted as a vaccine adjuvant that should replace aluminum oxide, another toxic substance that seriously damages the body. According to this review, graphene has a dual function: on the one hand, it serves to present antigens to dendritic cells; on the other, it is believed to elicit an inflammatory response in the body and thus enable the massive production of antibodies. This also stimulates the cellular immune response, which aluminum oxide cannot do. It is also capable of presenting antigens to macrophages. Graphene cannot be administered alone, but when combined with polyethylene glycol and polyethylenimine, this complex enhances the effects of graphene and activates toll-like receptors, which in turn enable the production of cytokines. It also enables the upregulation of integrin, which, by activating the FAK protein signaling pathway, increases cytokine production by macrophages. For this reason, graphene oxide is seen as a sort of super adjuvant. Some of the studies reviewed in this section date back to 2016-2017, so research on graphene as an adjuvant had already begun before the pandemic scam.

2) NEW STUDIES

This new study, however, discusses controlled-release vaccines, where the antigen can be released gradually, so that it is constantly in circulation, reducing the need for constant doses. Release can be controlled based on various factors: pH, the presence of enzymes, and the presence of magnetic fields. This property makes graphene oxide particularly suitable for mucosal vaccines, such as nasal ones, as it can adhere to the mucosa. It can also be used for other methods, such as vaccination via microneedles applied to the skin or via aerosol particles. In this study they created a vaccine based on self-assembling particles of graphene oxide quantum dots, claiming that the graphene-based vaccine provides 100% protection. In this other study they created a nasal vaccine based on graphene oxide nanoparticles and found it highly effective.

3) BIOSENSORS

Finally, Section 9, point 4, states that graphene-based vaccines can be combined with sensors or other "smart technologies" to monitor vaccine efficacy and immune response in real time. This study explicitly discusses using graphene oxide to contain biosensors capable of detecting COVID-19. Antibodies sensitive to the virus are inserted into the graphene, which change the electrical properties of the graphene, which could be measured as a signal. These are the studies where graphite or graphene-based biosensors are being created: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. There are also studies that discuss using graphene oxide to make electrochemical sensors that are not injected (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), but can be used in phone apps. The latest to arrive were nanosensors (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8).

CONCLUSIONS

The system denies that graphene oxide is present in COVID vaccines: Pfizer denies its presence and says it is only used during the preparation phase. The European Commission also denied its presence in a parliamentary question, just as it was denied in a UK FOIA, saying that hidden ingredients are impossible and that they must all be declared. One thing is certain, however: in the future, vaccines will contain graphene, it will be publicly declared, and sheep will be injected with it without a fuss, complete with a biosensor to detect if they are "positive" in real time.

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