Financing, Credit, Investments -- Economical Categories
Scientific functions in the theories of finances in addition to credit, according to be able to the specification of the research object, are characterized to get many-sided and many-leveled.
The meaning of totality with the economical relations formed in typically the process of creation, distribution and usage of finances, as money sources is commonly spread. For instance, in "the standard theory of finances" you will find two definitions of finances:
1) "... Finances reflect economical relations, creation with the funds associated with money sources, throughout the process of distribution and répartition of national receipts according to the distribution and usage". This description has relatively in order to the conditions associated with Capitalism, when cash-commodity relations gain common character;
2) "Finances represent the organization associated with centralized ad decentralized money sources, economical relations relatively using the distribution plus usage, which assist for fulfillment from the state functions and even obligations and in addition provision of typically the conditions in the widened further production". This specific definition is introduced without showing the particular environment of it is action. We discuss partly such description of finances and even think expedient in order to make some specs.
First, finances defeat the bounds regarding distribution and répartition service from the nationwide income, though it is a fundamental foundation of finances. Furthermore, formation and use of the downgrading fund that is the particular part of financial domain, belongs certainly not to the circulation and redistribution associated with the national earnings (of newly created value during a year), but for typically the distribution of previously developed value.
This particular latest first shows up to be some sort of part of associated with main industrial cash, later it is relocated to the cost price of a ready product (that is usually to the value too) after its realization, plus its set the depression fund. Estimated taxes Its source is taken into account in advance as a depressive disorders kind in the consistence of the prepared products cost price.
Next, main goal associated with finances is substantially wider then "fulfillment in the state features and obligations plus provision of circumstances for that widened additional production". Finances can be found within the state degree and also on typically the manufactures and branches' level too, plus in such circumstances, when the most part of the manufactures happen to be not state.
Sixth is v. M. Rodionova provides a different position about this subject matter: "real formation involving the financial resources begins on the level of distribution, once the value is understood and concrete cost-effective forms of the particular realized value will be separated from typically the consistence of the profit". V. M. Rodionova makes an highlight of finances, since distributing relations, if D. S. Moliakov underlines industrial groundwork of finances.
Nevertheless both of them give quite verify discussion of budget, as a method of formation, circulation and use of the funds of money resources, that happens associated with the following definition of the finances: "financial cash relations, which forms in typically the process of distribution and redistribution involving the partial value of the national riches and total cultural product, is related to the subjects associated with the economy plus formation and utilization of the condition cash incomes and even savings in the widened further production, in the materials stimulation of the workers for pleasure of the society cultural and other requests".
Within the manuals involving the political overall economy we meet using the subsequent definitions regarding finances:
"Finances involving the socialistic state represent economical (cash) relations, with the help of which in turn, in the method of planned circulation of the incomes and savings the particular funds of cash sources of the point out and socialistic makes are formed with regard to guaranteeing the expansion of the production, increasing the material and cultural level involving the people and for satisfying other common society requests".
"The system of creation and usage of necessary funds associated with cash resources intended for guarantying socialistic widened further production signify precisely the finances regarding the socialistic culture. And the totality of economical relationships arisen between express, manufactures and organizations, branches, regions plus separate citizen based on the movement of cash funds make economical relations".
As coming from seen, definitions associated with finances made by simply financiers and political economists do not differ greatly.