Finance, Credit, Investments - Economical Categories
Scientific runs in the theories of finances plus credit, according to be able to the specification with the research object, happen to be characterized to become many-sided and many-leveled.
The definition of totality in the economical relationships formed in the particular process of formation, distribution and use of finances, as money sources is commonly spread. For instance, in "the common theory of finances" you can find two meanings of finances:
1) "... Finances indicate economical relations, formation of the funds associated with money sources, in the process involving distribution and partage of national receipts based on the distribution and even usage". This classification is given relatively to be able to the conditions of Capitalism, when cash-commodity relations gain widespread character;
2) "Finances represent the formation of centralized ad decentralized money sources, economical relations relatively together with the distribution plus usage, which serve for fulfillment from the state functions in addition to obligations and in addition provision of typically the conditions of the increased further production". This definition is introduced without showing the environment of their action. We discuss partly such reason of finances and even think expedient to make some specification.
First, finances defeat the bounds of distribution and redistribution service of the countrywide income, though this is a basic foundation of finances. Likewise, formation and consumption of the devaluation fund which is the part of economical domain, belongs certainly not to the submission and redistribution regarding the national income (of newly formed value during a new year), but for the distribution of previously developed value.
This latest first shows up to be a part of value of main industrial cash, later it will be relocated to the price price of an all sety product (that is to the value too) after its conclusion, and it is set typically the depression fund. The source is used into account before hand as a major depression kind in typically the consistence with the prepared products price range.
Grants and competition prizes Next, main goal regarding finances is very much wider then "fulfillment in the state functions and obligations and even provision of situations for the widened even more production". Finances exist around the state level as well as on the particular manufactures and branches' level too, in addition to in such problems, when the many area of the manufactures will be not state.
Sixth is v. M. Rodionova features a different location about this issue: "real formation associated with the financial resources commences on the level of distribution, when the value is noticed and concrete economical forms of typically the realized value are usually separated from typically the consistence of the profit". V. M. Rodionova makes an accent of finances, while distributing relations, if D. S. Moliakov underlines industrial basis of finances.
Although both of these people give quite substantiate discussion of finances, as a system of formation, supply and use of the funds of money sources, that happens associated with the following definition of the finances: "financial cash relations, which usually forms in the process of supply and redistribution regarding the partial associated with the national prosperity and total sociable product, is related to the subjects regarding the economy plus formation and utilization of the point out cash incomes and savings in the particular widened further creation, in the materials stimulation of the particular workers for satisfaction of the society sociable and other requests".
Throughout the manuals regarding the political economy we meet using the next definitions associated with finances:
"Finances involving the socialistic express represent economical (cash) relations, by using which usually, in the way of planned supply of the profits and savings the funds of funds sources of the condition and socialistic companies are formed regarding guaranteeing the growth associated with the production, increasing the material in addition to cultural level regarding the people and for satisfying other general society requests".
"The system of design and usage of necessary funds involving cash resources with regard to guarantying socialistic widened further production symbolize precisely the finances regarding the socialistic society. And the wholeness of economical relations arisen between express, manufactures and businesses, branches, regions and even separate citizen based on the movement of dollars funds make monetary relations".
As we have seen, definitions of finances made by simply financiers and political economists tend not to vary greatly.