Ff And E Meaning

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Ff And E Meaning
The term FF & E may have different meanings depending on the field in which you use it. In architecture and design, it's a newer phrase popular in the interior design sector. It can have a positive effect on your company locations and your brand perception, so it's important to fully understand it. In this article, we discuss what FF & E is, explain how it's used in the workplace and why it's important and give examples of its use in the real world.
FF & E is an acronym that stands for furniture, fixtures and equipment. It's a design subset that focuses on only the interior, removable features of a space. Though fixtures, equipment and furniture appear in the acronym, this type of design can refer to any elements not permanently attached to the actual structure. Think of things you could carry out or remove if you moved to a new space.
Unlike construction and remodeling, FF & E doesn't focus on the structural aspects of the building, like walls and support beams. Though not always, FF & E can sometimes include finishes as well. Examples of elements in each category include:
Furniture: This category can include anything you sit on or use to hold other objects, such as couches, chairs, beds, tables, desks, dressers, cupboards and bookshelves.
Fixtures: This category includes items that serve a practical or functional purpose, such as lighting, wall mounts, countertops and doors.
Equipment: This category refers to technology or systems throughout the structure, such as appliances, computers, phones, fans or wiring.
Finishes: These elements include fabrics and textures used for aesthetic appearances, like paint, tile, wallpaper, carpet, hardwood, vinyl and marble.
Additional items: These decorative elements may include artwork, bedding, area rugs, pillows, pottery, lamps and plants.
Architectural design services don't always include interior design as well. Architectural design often focuses on the permanent parts of a structure, like the walls and staircases, where to place holes or windows or what kind of roof to use. It also focuses on the best types of building materials and if the building is structurally safe. However, there is more melding of the design industries today, and it's more common to have the option to request FF & E services during construction to choose elements that aren't structurally essential for a space. Interior designers then:
Businesses or companies typically provide guidelines for interior designers doing FF & E. This helps them understand the owner or operator's vision for the space. It also includes all the functionality needs from the moveable elements.
Planning for FF & E usually starts early in the design process. It includes many consultations with the structure owners and the project team. After receiving information and feedback, interior designers create a floor plan, furniture layout or design board. These mockups for the space show the designer's ideas for the decoration. These illustrations can include drawings, collages and digital displays. They may also have fabric or material samples attached.
After the client approves the design board, the interior designer can create a preliminary budget. These cost expectations can help the architects and construction team understand the costs for this portion of the project. It can also show the property owners the estimated amount for furnishings, and they can choose to add or subtract features to get the price they're looking for.
When negotiations finish, the designer creates a final draft of the design documentation. This draft puts everything to scale within the floor plan. It uses elevations, materials section and exact dimensions to produce a rendering that's as close as possible to the desired result.
After receiving approval of the final design, the interior designers can place orders and request custom items. They do this as soon as possible to make sure all pieces and parts arrive at the worksite on time without delays. Depending on the types of items they're buying, designers may order online or go to the store to pick out certain pieces.
When the building crew finishes the room or structure, the interior designer and their team build and arrange all the FF & E elements. They may build furniture and arrange other elements. This helps make moving in and transitioning into a new space easier for the owner or operator.
FF & E set the mood and atmosphere of a location. This can be important at a private residence, making an apartment or house feel like a home rather than just a place to sleep and eat. It's also important in a business. These decor elements can help a hotel feel upscale, a bar feel trendy or a store feel cozy. The combination of these elements, along with marketing and advertising, can create a brand image for the company. It encourages people to view a business a certain way and attracts a specific demographic of customers.
FF & E is also an important element to include in the project budget and construction timeline. It requires detailed planning and coordination when buying and scheduling shipping for items. Not only do designers stay within their budget, but they coordinate when each piece arrives on site so it's ready for move-in day but doesn't arrive too early and require storage. This attention to planning can help the project stay on schedule.
Here are some examples of public spaces that use FF & E services to make them appealing to guests and employees:
Some hotel companies don't own their properties. They operate them on behalf of real estate owners and developers. For this reason, each hotel branch in a different location may have its own decor and style. The same brand name hotel in Pittsburgh may look different aesthetically from the one in New York City, for example.
Places like hotels use design professionals to pick their FF & E based on the clientele they receive, the city or town where they're located and the structure of each building. More upscale locations may use fixtures like chandeliers in common spaces rather than recessed lighting. Branches near the ocean may have wooden and wicker furniture, and city branches may have metal or steel fixtures.
FF & E for bars and restaurants may differ from stand-alone and chain companies. Think about a location like the Hard Rock Cafe. The decor inside is different at each location and reflects the musical history and ambiance of the area you're visiting. In contrast, a restaurant like Olive Garden looks almost identical no matter which location you visit. Stand-alone companies only have to account for one location, so they don't have to consider an overreaching theme or distinguishing their style. These types of FF & E choices can help set a brand standard across an entire company.
Office spaces are another location that often uses FF & E design. Most companies rent office space and move in their own furniture and equipment, then remove it when they change locations. They may call on interior designers to choose and set up their furniture, technology, lighting and storage solutions.
Please note that none of the companies mentioned are affiliated with Indeed.



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🤔 Understanding furniture, fixtures, and equipment
What is Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment (FF&E)?
What is the difference between furniture, fixtures, and equipment?
How do you calculate depreciation on FF&E?
What is a Special Purpose Acquisition Company?
Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment (FF&E) is business property not permanently connected to a building such as office furniture, partitions, and business equipment used in the operations of a company.
Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment (FF&E) is the movable property companies use in business operations. FF&E can be office furniture, fixtures that won’t damage a building structure when removed, and equipment such as computers needed to conduct day-to-day operations. The term FF&E is used in different service industries for various purposes but generally talks about the same items. Accountants refer to FF&E as long-term tangible assets (assets that last more than a year, which you can physically touch) that they value on a company's balance sheet and use for tax purposes. FF&E purchasing or procurement refers to when corporations and public agencies hire interior designers, general contractors, or architects to furnish their office or place of business.
Large corporations and public agencies often hire a company to purchase their furniture, fixtures, and equipment. A corporation or public agency outlines specifications for the type of FF&E it wants, and then different purchasing companies bid on the project. Sometimes the specifications have more to do with state or federal requirements than aesthetics. The San Francisco Public Safety Building specifications were focused on environmental responsibility and adhered to the San Francisco, California Environment Code. Some of the agency’s strict environmental requirements for its FF&E required that:
The overall definition of FF&E is that if you remove it, it won’t damage the permanent structures and fixtures of a building. The kitchen sink, the toilet, and the faucets belong to the building, but FF&E belong to the business.
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Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment (FF&E) describes property a business owns and uses in day-to-day business that is not attached to the building. It includes movable furniture and furniture that may be fixed to a wall, like a bookshelf, but that won’t damage the structure of a building if removed. It also includes any equipment such as computers used in a business.
Generally, if an item is essential to a business’s operations, and you can carry it out of a building when you leave, it’s most likely FF&E.
Examples of items that are not considered FF&E are:
FF&E for specific businesses can also include things like beds for hospitals and hotels, currency counters for casinos and banks, or tools and compressors for mechanics and auto body shops.
The term FF&E is used in a variety of fields to describe different functions.
As an accounting term, FF&E items are combined on a separate line item under tangible assets on a company’s balance sheet to quantify their value. Something is “tangible” if it has a physical form, and you can touch it. Something is an asset if it has value.
In interior design, architecture, real estate, and construction, FF&E usually refers to the purchasing of furniture, fixtures, and equipment for a new business space, or the addition of items to an existing business space.
Furniture includes more substantial items such as movable office furniture. Fixtures are anything that may be secured, such as cubicle partitions or attached shelving, that have no permanent connection to the structure or building.
For example, a bookshelf might be secured to a wall to prevent it from toppling over, but its removal won’t damage the building structure. A faucet or toilet, however, would be considered a part of the building or premises itself and would not qualify as a fixture in terms of FF&E.
Equipment can refer to anything tangible a business uses for its operations such as computers, audiovisual equipment, phones, copy machines, wiring and devices, and any other industry-specific equipment.
FF&E purchasing, also known as FF&E procurement, is when a business furnishes and equips its business space. The business owner of a small business might purchase FF&E without assistance. But larger companies and public agencies tend to hire FF&E procurement agencies, interior designers, furniture dealers, or architects for FF&E selection or buying services.
Large corporations and public agencies often outsource FF&E purchasing because it’s easier and more efficient than doing it themselves. FF&E procurement companies are responsible for purchasing, delivering, and installing the correct items to a company’s specifications, and making any corrections for things that go wrong, such as faulty equipment or furniture that is substandard.
For example, a new hotel would have to buy many different types of furniture, such as beds, desks, and chairs. It would also have to purchase fixtures like lamps and curtains as well as equipment such as telephones, TVs, and safes. Rather than dealing with a bunch of different vendors for these items, it’s easier to hire a company to do it. An FF&E procurement company could coordinate purchases, delivery, and installation to coincide with the hotel’s opening schedule.
FF&E specifications are thorough descriptions of each item of furniture, fixture, or piece of equipment that a business wants to purchase. Whether a company uses its purchasing department or outsources the purchasing of FF&E, it needs to describe the types of items it intends to acquire in detail.
A company might create FF&E specifications through a contractor, architect, interior designer, FF&E procurement agency, or the company’s internal purchasing department. FF&E specifications have different categories. Some common specification categories are:
For accounting purposes, FF&E is categorized on its own line item under PP&E (property, plant & equipment) on a company’s balance sheet as long-term tangible assets or “fixed assets.” In accounting, “long-term” usually means more than one year, and FF&E assets generally have a lifespan of at least three years or more and depreciate over their lifespan.
Depreciation means a decline in the value of an asset over time. Accountants need to determine the depreciation of FF&E assets to be able to quantify their value as an expense over the period of years that make up their useful life.
Since fixed assets have long lifespans, accountants don’t want to write off the full expense of an asset in one year because an FF&E item is used to generate revenue for more than one year. Depreciation is a way to extend the value of a fixed asset over time so that a fixed asset’s expense matches the revenue it helps to generate in a given accounting period.
According to the IRS, FF&E items must meet the following requirements to be depreciable:
The most common method of depreciation is the straight line depreciation method. The straight line method deducts depreciation in equal annual amounts over the lifespan of a fixed asset.
To use the straight line method, you would first determine the amount it costs to purchase the item (aka adjusted basis). Then you’d subtract the salvage value of the item (how much the thing is worth after its useful lifespan). The IRS states that companies should estimate the salvage value of a fixed asset based upon how long its life spans is. Finally, you’d divide that figure by the number of months or years of an item’s useful lifespan.
For example, say a company purchases a new office server for $40,000. According to the IRS, Mainframe Computer Systems and Servers have a useful lifespan of seven years (84 months). The company estimates that the salvage value of the server is 10% of its purchase price. The depreciation formula would look like this:
$40,000 – (10 percent X $40,000) / 84 months
$40,000 – ($4,000) / 84 months
$36,000 / 84 months = $428.57 per month or $5,143 per year (rounded to the nearest dollar)
Because the useful lifespan is seven years, an accountant would deduct $5,143 from the value of the server each year for seven years on the balance sheet, until reaching the salvage value. Once the server equals the salvage value, it stays at that value on the balance sheet until it is discarded or sold.
| Year One | Year Two | Year Three | Year Four | Year Five | Year Six | Year Seven |
| ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| $40,000 | $34,857 | $29,714 | $24,571 | $19,428 | $14,285 | $9,142 |
| $5,143 | $5,143 | $5,143 | $5,143 | $5,143 | $5,143 | $5,143 |
| $34,857 | $29,714 | $24,571 | $19,428 | $14,285 | $9,142 | $3,999 |
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