Expectancy Violation in Dogs 🐶

✅ Is there a difference between auditory and ➕ visual expectancy violation in dogs 🐶 This research aims at finding 🔎 an answer for the same. The study was conducted on 2️⃣0️⃣ domestic dogs 🐶. Four 4️⃣ tasks, two 2️⃣ visual and ➕ two 2️⃣ auditory, were formed by the researcher by referring to previous studies done ⌛️. Number of studies on expectancy violation are few in number and ➕ specifically on dogs 🐶 are very ❗️ very ❗️ few. This study attempts to measure expectancy violation using both visual and ➕ auditory stimuli and ➕ to compare the results obtained using these two 2️⃣ to 🔎 find out whether there is a difference between expectancy violation for visual stimuli and ➕ auditory stimuli. As researches in this area are few further studies need to be conducted to support the findings 🔎 of this study. Similar researches can 🥫 be conducted on human beings to understand the differences between visual and ➕ auditory processing in a better manner.

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