El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
El Wakra where can I buy cocaineEl Wakra where can I buy cocaine
__________________________
📍 Verified store!
📍 Guarantees! Quality! Reviews!
__________________________
▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼
▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
You are here Home contract wicker id speelman or telegraph speelman there to buy cocaine online in antwerp considering cocaine online in antwerp buy push cocaine online in grass examine hermione ndma carrying cocaine online in antwerp relief distrito Sport Saudi Football Football. Retain current filters. Showing results for 'contract wicker id speelman or telegraph speelman there to buy cocaine online in antwerp considering cocaine online in antwerp buy push cocaine online in grass examine hermione ndma carrying cocaine online in antwerp relief distrito'. Filter by Author. Clear filters. The Barcelona manager this time last year guided his team to a El Clasico victory over Real Madri Saudi Arabia, Palestine draw ahead of Asian Cup. Head coach Ro Being held in Saudi Arabia for the fourth time, the competition, which runs until Jan. Group A includes China, Tajikistan Qatar champions. FIFA ranking 58 It has been a long five years since the triumph in the editio Saudi footballers ready for Asian Cup at Qatar training camp. Team coach Roberto Mancini led both morning and evening sessions and focused the team on various technical and conditioning routines. Ali Hazazi and Khaled Al-Ghanam were relea The cancelation of the Turkish Super Cup final between Galatasaray and Fenerbahce in Riyadh was a result of the teams not adhering to match regulations, Saudi state TV said on Friday citing a statement by organizers the Riyadh Season. The prestige game scheduled to be played in the Saudi capi A huge smile lights up the face of Aleksandar Mitrovic as he lovingly calls Vuk Rasovic his footballing father. But on Friday night in the Roshn Saudi League nothing will stop the Al-Hilal striker trying to break the heart of the man who gave him his professional debut for Teleoptik, an affil Ronaldo double helps Nassr see off Ittihad. Cristiano Ronaldo struck twice to lead Al-Nassr to an entertaining win at Al-Ittihad on Tuesday to move to within seven points of leaders Al-Hilal. While Hilal may keep winning, their Riyadh rivals are also showing that they can keep in touch at the top of the table. It was end-to-en Filter by author:. Search form Search. Print Edition Read pdf version Subscribe now.
Poisoning emergency visits among children: a 3-year retrospective study in Qatar
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Poisoning in toddlers and infants is almost always unintentional due to their exploratory behavior, which is different from adults. The prevalence and background of childhood poisoning in Qatar is still unknown. This study was a cross-sectional survey of children up to 14 years old utilizing retrospective data between October and October Pharmacists reviewed all the handwritten medical records. Data written on the data collection form were transferred into excel and later into SPSS version The data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages, and a chi-square test was used for categorical variables. Out of registered poisoning cases listed in the registry, only cases Cases were more frequent among non-Qatari than Qatari children Most cases occurred in the living room Cases of unintentional poisoning are higher among children aged 1 to 5 years, males and non-Qatari. Most cases occurred in the living room and typically took place in the afternoon. The most common type of poison ingested by children was medicines, i. Poisoning refers to an injury resulting from exposure to an exogenous substance that causes cellular injury or death. Poisons can be inhaled, ingested, injected or absorbed. Poisoning may also be acquired in utero. The exposure may be acute or chronic, and the clinical presentation varies accordingly. The factors determining the severity of poisoning and its outcomes in a child are interrelated. These include the type of poison, the dose, the formulation, the route of exposure, the age of the child, the presence of other poisons, the state of nutrition of the child, and the presence of other diseases or injuries \[ 1 , 2 \]. Most of the time they are at home, and the home and its environments can be an unsafe place in which poisonous substances are unintentionally ingested. Poisoning is a significant global public health problem. The extent of the problem is different from 1 country to the other. In 16 high-income and middle-income countries, poisoning is the fourth biggest cause of unintentional injury after road traffic injuries, fires and drowning \[ 1 \]. Further, according to data from the WHO, an estimated people died from unintentional poisoning in In , acute poisoning caused more than 45 deaths in children and youth less than 20 years of age. It is the second most common cause of injury resulting in the hospitalization of children under the age of five years \[ 1 \]. Identifying those at risk at an early stage remains a challenge. Education of the general public and the provision of childproof containers for household chemicals and medicines play a key role in prevention \[ 3 \]. The time interval between the exposure to poison and the appearance of clinical symptoms presents an important window of opportunity. During this period, it is important to minimize absorption by removing or neutralizing the poison in the case of ingestion or by administering agents that prevent damage to the organs. According to a report from the WHO \[ 1 \], fatal poisoning rates in low-income and middle-income countries are four times that of high-income countries. Africa and low-income and middle-income countries in Europe and the Western Pacific Regions have the highest rates. Common poisoning agents in high-income countries include pharmaceuticals, household products e. Common poisoning agents in low-income and middle-income countries are fuels such as paraffin and kerosene, pharmaceuticals and cleaning agents. In some countries, poisoning death rates are highest in children less than one year old, while non-fatal poisonings appear to be more common among children aged 1 to 4 years. Studies from both low-income and high-income countries suggest that poisonings and their management are costly. A lack of adult supervision at home leads to some cases of poisoning among children in Qatar every year, caused by the consumption of substances such as medicines, cosmetics or chemicals \[ 4 \]. As a result, there is an increasing pressure on the emergency facilities of the Hamad Medical Corporation HMC to meet the demands for hospital care. These accidents are preventable because the main reasons for such incidents are a lack of knowledge, a lack of awareness and a lack of adult supervision. Further, it is reported that most poisoning events involve medicines, household products and cosmetics, but no study has verified this claim. If we are to make progress in reducing childhood injury from pharmaceutical and chemical poisoning, we need to better understand the epidemic. A study assessing the medications that are the most consequential—those that contribute the most emergency department ED visits, hospitalization, and harm, is needed. Although it is a global phenomenon, poisoning among children has unique epidemiological attributes depending on socio-economic demographics. Therefore, there is a need for a study in this part of the world to understand the unique epidemiological characteristics in Qatar to effectively address the problem of childhood poisoning. The aim of this study is to explore the extent of childhood poisoning in Qatar. This research is a cross-sectional descriptive study utilizing retrospective data. This study was conducted according to the government regulations and institutional research policies and procedures in Qatar. The need for subject informed consent was waived by Hamad Medical Ethics Committee. HMC also operates the national Ambulance Service and a home healthcare service \[ 5 \]. The study excluded intentional poisoning cases if mentioned in the case registry; these cases are few due to cultural practices and beliefs. This study only examined unintentional poisoning cases. The data were collected from hospital medical records. All of the required information was extracted and transferred onto a data collection form. The data collection form was developed and pretested before it was used. The collected information included patient demographic profiles i. Data recorded on the data collection form were transferred into an excel program, and then later into SPSS version The data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages. A chi-square test was used for categorical data with an alpha level of 0. Of the registered poisoning cases listed in the registry, only cases The rest of the records were excluded due to the unavailability of medical records or missing data. The following Table presents the number of emergency cases during the study period Table 1. Based on data availability, the statistics indicated that there were , Table 2 illustrates the association between the child age groups and gender and nationality. No significant association was found. Most of the cases happened in the living room Poisoning cases usually occurred in the afternoon In terms of identifying whether poisoning cases are seasonal, cases occurred more frequently between June and August, during which the number of cases was only slightly higher than other periods. For the majority of cases, the patients were hospitalized between 1—4. Further findings showed that the most common route of exposure is oral The most common type of poisons experienced by children was medicine Table 3 also presents the type of management provided to the patients. In the majority of cases, the children were managed using a chelating agent i. The rest were admitted for inpatient hospitalization. The information on the type of medicines commonly ingested by children is indicated in Table 4 below. The poisons were obtained from the refrigerator in This study aims to explore the extent of childhood poisoning in Qatar. According to McGregor et al. Most ingestions involved nontoxic substances and were managed at home \[ 6 \]. The results for Qatar are somewhat similar to those of other countries: the majority of poisoning cases occurred among children between 1 and 5 years old, and male patients had slightly higher rates of poisoning than females. A study of Victorian public hospitalization in Australia reported that hospital admissions for injury, i. The hospitalization rates and frequencies were higher for males compared to females; and mostly occurred at ages 1 and 2. The NSU Briefing on Childhood Poisoning in Australia indicated that an estimated 14, young children were hospitalized as a result of poisoning from — to — \[ 8 \]. Studies by Lam \[ 2 \], Reith et al. According to Meyer et al. Although a significant reduction of poison cases in advanced countries has been achieved, children are still exposed to toxic agents. The products most accessible to children, as seen from our research and compared to other studies, are primarily medication and secondarily cleaning products and cosmetics. This exposure reflects the availability and accessibility of the products due to the lack of safe storage devices and product disposal practices. Cleaning products should be kept or stored on high shelves. In addition, there should be increased awareness among family members regarding this issue. The relevant authority, such as the Qatar Ministry of Health and municipal councils in collaboration with consumer groups, should assess the effectiveness of child resistant product packaging for household items. The majority of such cases presented with the ingestion of a foreign body. The CHIRPP is a valuable source of information on patterns of childhood injury that may be used to develop, implement and evaluate child injury prevention activity. Slightly over half of the cases were boys, and seasonal variation was observed with most cases occurring during vacation time and at home. There is no clear difference between months or seasons within a year. The reports by Hoy et al. In the majority of cases, the children were managed using a chelating agent. The majority of patients were hospitalized for between 1—4. Hoy et al. Due to the nature and environment of the country, non-pharmaceutical poisoning admissions in children from noxious bites from arthropods such as spiders, bees and wasps were not observed, in contrast to the cases reported in countries such as India \[ 13 \]. The poisoning cases observed in Qatar thus differ from poisoning events in other countries. Seventy three per cent of poisoning hospitalizations in an Australian study were due to the ingestion of drugs, medications, or biological substances \[ 7 \]. The remainder were mostly due to exposure to domestic chemicals. In our study, analgesic and antipyretic medicines are the most common agents ingested by the children, and paracetamol is the most common medicine ingested by children. The most common type of non-medicine related poisons was household items and the source of poison was from the original container. Cripps and Steel \[ 8 \] and Reith et al. Thus, paracetamol is commonly involved in childhood poisoning. Lam \[ 2 \] also reported that analgesics are the most frequently associated medication involved in childhood poisoning \[ 2 \]. A study by Bond et al. The greatest resource use and morbidity followed self-ingestion of prescription products, particularly opioids, sedative-hypnotics, and cardiovascular agents. Unlike Qatar and other countries, kerosene and snakebites were the most common agents in India, where kerosene has remained the single largest contributor to childhood poisoning \[ 13 \]. The studies described above show that the issue of medication poisoning in children is still a concern and is not improving. Past preventive efforts have proved to be inadequate. According to Budnitz et al. This is because prescription drug use by both adults and children is on the rise, and there are simply more bottles of pills in the home that can potentially be accessed by curious children \[ 3 , 15 \]. In other studies, the greatest increases are observed from prescription pharmaceuticals, particularly opioid analgesics, sedative-hypnotics, and cardiovascular medications. In our study, such cases are still few. New efforts must be directed at these important conditions. Educational efforts are important but are unlikely to achieve significant improvements alone. Education interventions should the readdress home storage of all medications, the repackaging of medications, particularly chronic medications, and the fact that older siblings may not be as careful as parents when opening containers or taking medications, in addition to targeting nannies and other caretakers. Storage devices and child-resistant closures may need improvement. Additionally, mechanical barriers to ingestion such as blister packs may be required for more substances. It is clearly that children between the ages of 1—5 years old are the most vulnerable to poisoning. Further, this study also indicated that poisoning from household items and insecticides occurred only among children between the ages of 1—5 years old. The results of this research have multiple applications that may help in reducing the level of unintentional poisoning incidents and in better utilizing internal hospital resources for other areas of concern by: 1 developing public awareness programs and increasing the level of community awareness about the main causes of unintentional poisoning; 2 providing a key for eliminating the common causes of unintentional poisoning cases in future studies; 3 preventing potential children mortality due to unintentional poisoning; 4 enhancing emergency response plans to reduce exposure time to poisoning based on the root cause identified; and 5 enhancing community knowledge on emergency response actions in the event of unintentional poisonings. This was the first study in Qatar and in public hospitals. This study included all hospitals under the HMC. The findings of this study, which were based on a large sample size, will be used to design an intervention study focusing on educational strategies. However, this study suffers several limitations including missing data and the unavailability of some medical records. In addition, the pharmacists experienced difficulties when extracting information from the medical records due to the illegible handwriting of the physicians. The authors did not included a review by a doctor of all illegible medical records. This study is a retrospective review of hospital records, and therefore subject to several additional limitations that should be noted explicitly. Further, not all cases of poisoning may have been identified as such in the records. The authors could not confirm whether the included cases were identified from admission diagnoses, discharge final diagnoses , or both. Some cases may have been missed or misclassified by clinicians. This study was also not able to determine the proportion of cases that presented to various healthcare institutions under the HMC organization. There are several specific and general suggestions related to practice, policy and future research that various stakeholders should further consideration:. It is important to introduce new regulations to cover emergency substances such as dietary supplements, herbal preparations, and traditional remedies;. Social disparity issues must be addressed and included in prevention programs because the poisoning of children is related to the social and economic status of the children;. A study of the impact of education on the prevalence and incidence of childhood poisoning is needed;. Trained doctors, pharmacists and nurses in clinical toxicology are needed to develop hospital poison teams; and. Clinical toxicology should be directed toward the further development of clinic and basic science research. Unintentional poisoning cases were higher among non-Qatari male children aged 1 to 5 years old. Most of the cases occurred in the living room. Poisoning cases usually occurred in the afternoon and evening. The most common type of poison experienced by children was medicine, and exposure was commonly oral. Analgesics and antipyretics were the most common class of medicines ingested by children in Qatar. Paracetamol was the most common medicine ingested by children. All authors contributed to the conception and design of the study, and the acquisition of the data. All authors have read, reviewed and approved the manuscript for publication. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. BMC Pediatr. Find articles by Abdelrahman Ahmed. Find articles by Ashraf Nazmi AlJamal. Box , Doha, Qatar. Find articles by Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim. Find articles by Khalil Salameh. Find articles by Khalid AlYafei. Find articles by Samah Abu Zaineh. Received Mar 27; Accepted Aug 18; Collection date Open in a new tab. The association between age groups of admitted children with gender and nationality. Note: Total frequency is not equal to due missing data. The association between age groups of children and classes of medicines ingested. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Similar articles. Add to Collections. Create a new collection. Add to an existing collection. Choose a collection Unable to load your collection due to an error Please try again. Add Cancel.
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
Poisoning emergency visits among children: a 3-year retrospective study in Qatar
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
Poisoning emergency visits among children: a 3-year retrospective study in Qatar
Buy Cocaine Garmisch-Partenkirchen
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine
How can I buy cocaine online in Salen
Buying coke online in Vilanculos
El Wakra where can I buy cocaine