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Ecstasy (MDMA) Rustavi
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The Human Toll of Georgia’s Abusive Drug Policies | HRW
Ecstasy (MDMA) Rustavi
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Ecstasy (MDMA) Rustavi
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Rappers whose arrest sparked review of drug policy released on bail
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The number of coronavirus cases per population ratio since the start of the active phase of the pandemic April 1 in the 6 countries of the EaP. Today is the first day since August with less than 60 infections. The first phase of vaccination will prioritize people aged over 65, health workers and those who have underlying health conditions. At-risk children will continue learning remotely. Inoculation in Azerbaijan is voluntary and government-sponsored. Municipal transport, schools, shops and shopping centres will resume in Batumi, Zugdidi, Gori, Poti and Telavi. In the Adjara region it will be permitted to receive guests in open spaces and open food facilities, however restrictions on weddings, various social events or parties are still in force. Operations of schools, kindergartens and vocational and higher education institutions are planned to be resumed. The country is likely to receive Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines in the first quarter of The average number of daily cases over a seven-day period now stands at , which is only slightly less compared to the same figure registered during the previous week. The number of patients with coronavirus treated in hospitals is 2,, out of which are in very serious condition. Approximately 14, doctors, nurses, medical assistants and other staff from the health care sector have been infected with the virus since the beginning of the outbreak. Outdoor activities in the parks are banned and elderly people are allowed to leave homes only to buy food or medicine. Additionally, night clubs, theaters, and cinemas have to remain closed after The country barred entry to foreigners and banned mass events. Wearing protective masks in public spaces is compulsory. Romania announced its intention to grant the Republic of Moldova doses of vaccine free of charge. Currently, there are 68 classes in quarantine. Starting from 25 January, Ukraine has reintroduced the quarantine restrictions that were applied before the introduction of the lockdown. The adaptive quarantine currently in place has been extended until 28 February In Georgia, at festivals and clubs, young women who use drugs very often experience violence, including physical and sexual abuse, which means they have unplanned pregnancies, various injuries and infections. The project helps young women and redirects them to those organizations that provide services of the different specialists, for example, a gynaecologist. The main goal is to provide harm reduction services during music festivals, where there is always a risk of intoxication, overdose and unprotected sex. At such events, the team of volunteers is always armed with informational materials on universal safety rules related to drug use. In a friendly atmosphere, in a special tent located near the festival venues, music lovers can get a quick consultation, condoms, drinking water and test drugs for free. The coordinator of this project is Mariam Ubilava. We are ashamed to tell about them. Young women are afraid of public censure. And then we thought that it would be great to create a confidential atmosphere in a club format where young women can gather, speak freely and share their experiences. Because when you speak openly, identify the problem, this may be the first step to solving it. She should remember that after taking drugs, she is more at risk of becoming a victim of violence. In this state, the young woman may be stranded in psychological and physical violence. In our country, due to cultural traditions, a man occupies a dominant role in society. And the use of a dose too large for a woman can lead to intoxication or death. For example, in the Club there was a girl who experienced severe stress after one music festival — she took an unknown substance and did not remember her sexual experience after drinking alcohol, and was also afraid to get pregnant. Also, young women often ask our trainers: why do we need to know our sexual and reproductive health rights? How do contraception and the use of psychoactive substances affect the body of women — for example, what happens if you take ecstasy during menstruation? Of course, the answers to these questions can be found on Google, but it is better to hear verified and more accurate information from a specialist. Different clients often come to us to receive free consultations, but with the help of the Club, we were able to expand our work with young women, whom we can redirect to various NGOs and medical institutions. It is unfortunate that when we accompany the girls, we notice the indifference of doctors to young, but in fact very vulnerable patients. It is common for the country to treat the elderly politely, but with young people, this is not necessary as we see. We are young, but we need information, sex education. We still do not know how to behave in clinics, how to draw up documents. Although, I note that with the help of the project we also met doctors who are sensitive to the problems of women who use drugs. One gynaecologist still provides free services to Papaya girls, for which we are very grateful. The ways in which HIV-related stigma and discrimination are manifested and experienced are complex and varied. Many different measures from different perspectives are currently used to monitor HIV-related stigma and discrimination. To better understand the status of HIV-related stigma and discrimination and progress towards their elimination, support advocacy for addressing HIV-related stigma and discrimination and highlight data gaps, UNAIDS is coordinating the development of summary measures of HIV-related stigma and discrimination. Please see the concept note for more background information. Starting on 19 August for a period of three weeks, various elements of the draft measures will be discussed. A few key questions will guide the moderated discussion each week. Inputs and recommendations from each week will be shared at the start of the following week and used to inform the next element of the measures to be discussed. To participate in the consultation please read more information here. The proposal is to develop one summary measure of HIV-related stigma and discrimination and four accompanying summary measures of stigma and discrimination experienced by sex workers, gay men and other men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs and transgender people related to factors other than HIV. This will make it possible to capture the diverse forms of stigma and discrimination that may be experienced by key populations most affected by HIV that may not be directly due to HIV but that have important impact on the HIV response. This virtual consultation aims to encourage broad participation, particularly of people living with and affected by HIV, gay men and other men who have sex with men, transgender people, young people, sex workers, people who use drugs and women, from all regions. Contributions through this consultation will be used to inform the development of the measure s and ensure they are people-centered, reflecting the lived experiences and realities of people, and meaningful to inform programmatic action. A summary of inputs and recommendations from the consultation will be shared in September As one of the significant contributors AFEW International will act as a liaison to the key networks, organizations, and partners in the countries in the region of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. We will help the project team access data and the best level expertise for undertaking modeling in EECA. As well as we will provide consultations and feedback on the modeling process in the EECA region. A priest together with a thousand of other people attacks the participants of the campaign organized by LGBT activists on May 17, Photo by Radio Svoboda. The aspiration of the LGBTI community to speak out about their rights has already caused threats from the side of radical groups. They do not announce the exact date of the event to prevent radicals from hindering the march and intimidating the participants. Sandro Bregadze, leader of the Georgian March movement, said that he will not allow holding a gay march in Tbilisi and threatened to punish all those who will be protecting the LGBTI activists, including law enforcers. In addition to the radical groups, the Georgian Orthodox Church is also traditionally against the Tbilisi Pride. All attempts of the LGBTI community to organise any public events have always faced their counteractions. There is a variety of activities planned to be held within Tbilisi Pride , including an international conference to discuss the challenges and the best practices in protecting the rights of LGBTI community in Georgia and in the region, the importance of visibility and the impact of prides on the situation of queer people. The pride will be concluded with a March of Dignity, which will not take a festive shape since queers have little to celebrate in Georgia today. On the eve of Tbilisi Pride, its organizers issued a statement, directly saying that the state authorities use LGBTI people as a cover. The authors say that they are not going to hide and live double lives. We are attacked at home and expelled from families. As a result of such hate and aggression, our sisters and brothers have to seek asylum in other places. Some of them agreed to become heroes of our videos, others will come to the Tbilisi Pride. Every year, the number of our supporters grows. In Georgia, most LGBTI people have to hide their orientation, as they are afraid of facing violence from the side of their families and being judged by the church. Gocha lives in the hottest region of Georgia — Kakheti — in a small town of Telavi. He is a client of a Rehabilitation Centre in Gremi village. There he receives support to overcome his alcohol and substance use problems. The Rehabilitation Centre for drug users run by Tanadgoma is the first and only stationary rehabilitation centre in the country offering free services to its clients. Since it was founded, over 25 clients received help free of charge there. In the Centre, clients can get social, psychological and health services. The Centre applies twelve-step recovery programme. Besides, it offers art therapy classes and even runs a ceramic workshop. The instructors working in the Centre were trained in a Ukraine-based rehab. Soon enough, he found himself among people who were eager to use other drugs as well. At first, he was curious to experiment with substances, but during the heroin boom in Georgia — when it could be purchased even in the Kakheti villages — the situation changed. If Gocha was lacking money to buy drugs, he had enough to get some alcohol. His parents told him that he would find himself in a trouble, but it did not help. After the government introduced stricter rules for drug dealers and users, Gocha switched to the homemade drugs. He first came to the Tanadgoma Rehabilitation Centre two years ago. Gocha took part in the twelve-step recovery programme, attended counselling sessions and art therapy classes. Currently, the man is in remission, but sometimes he comes back to the Centre seeking services. He says that sometimes he drinks alcohol. Georgia is the motherland of wine, so it is hard to quit alcohol. Now working with clay and ceramics is the biggest joy for me. There is a radio set in the workshop and I can work all night long, listening to music. I have a lot of creative insights and the process of work is very important for me. When I draw sketches, I think of nothing else. Gocha does not know if he will be able to quit drugs and alcohol for good. There are no guarantees, but at least now he understands how to reduce the harm he does to his health. Gocha finds his support in knowing that if he goes home and has a relapse again, he can always come back to the Centre or contact harm reduction programmes. Sometimes small tours are organized for the clients of the Centre. This region of Georgia is famous for its historical sights and beautiful nature. There I can think about my life. I spent 11 years behind the bars and I have many regrets… Now there are a lot of pharmacy drugs in Georgia, many people need psychosocial support… I do not understand why the government does not want to implement rehabilitation and employment programmes instead of the repressive drug policies. It does not want to be responsible for such people as me. He has two dreams: to equip the Rehabilitation Centre with exercise equipment for its clients to stay fit so that they are able to start a family. Nikoloz is 45 years old. He is a former police officer. His professional career ended up when he was arrested for drug use and sentenced to seven years of imprisonment. Before that day, he had no problems. Little by little, I got used to drugs. My brother also did drugs, but I was afraid to tell him. I felt uncomfortable to talk about it with my family. Seven years in prison were a dreadful, lost period of his life. Then it was easy to get drugs in closed settings and Nikoloz used this opportunity. However, one case of severe overdose, when he almost died, made him rethink this situation. After he got back home, all his social connections were lost. Even now, I hate drugs with all my heart. I fight them and fight myself. Last year I had a relapse. He feels sorry because drugs changed his life but says that if years ago he had access to harm reduction programmes, he would definitely enrol in them. Back then, he knew little about reducing the risks of drug use. I would be able to control my life and health and would avoid overdose and hepatitis C. Drugs will always be there. In jail, Nikoloz got acquainted with people working for Tanadgoma, who offered different services to the inmates, in particular, psychological support, which was very important for him. After Nikoloz was released, he went to a social bureau in Tbilisi. Tea Chakhrakia, working for Tanadgoma, helped him to re-issue his documents. Besides, people from Tanadgoma helped him to get a job with Akhali Gza NGO providing harm reduction services to people who use drugs. Since then, Nikoloz has been working as a social worker there. For him, his job is not only his responsibility, but also his real family, where he is loved and respected, and such love and respect are mutual. Nikoloz is convinced that harm reduction services are more effective than incarceration. The best approach to resolve drug-related problems is to work with people who use drugs and not punish them. In Georgia, criminal justice is the only method to solve the problems of injecting drug use. Nikoloz is happy to share his experience with junior outreach workers. He works with clients, motivating them to get tested, helps them to prepare all the required documents, develops support plans, and tells people about safer drug use methods. I received help one day, and now I can help others, sharing my experience with them. My clients are people who use drugs. Many of them use drugs only to overcome their withdrawal syndrome. They are the ones who really need support. Nikoloz says that with support of harm reduction experts many good things may be done for people who have already lost any hope. That is why it is important to implement the projects, which meet the specific needs of vulnerable populations. In Georgia, the project was launched in September Its main goal is protecting human rights of drug users by changing social attitudes and government policies and improving the quality of services delivered and access to them. Bemoni provides services in the social bureau based in Telavi Kakheti , and Tanadgoma — in the social bureau based in Tbilisi. Besides, in Tanadgoma opened a Rehabilitation Centre for people who use drugs in the Gremi village, Kakheti. In , over four thousand people who use drugs received 17, medical, psychological, social and legal services within the project. Author: Irma Kakhurashvili, Georgia. Gabriela, a year-old sex worker from Tbilisi has not been tested for HIV since She is convinced that she does not have HIV. She also thinks that she knows everything about this virus. In July, Gabriela is going to the bustling resort city of Batumi to earn some extra money. Gabriela did not participate in the recent research conducted in two cities of Georgia — Tbilisi and Batumi — to study risky and safe behaviours of sex workers. The Tanadgoma Centre for Information and Counselling on Reproductive Health is the first Georgian organization, which has been studying the HIV transmission among sex workers since The recent study held in covered women: from Tbilisi and from Batumi. The goal of the researchers was to determine the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis C, gonorrhoea and syphilis among people involved in sex work. Besides, they were able to analyse the key risks associated with HIV and to collect valuable information for advocacy and policy development. For example, some respondents like Gabriela did not know that HIV is not transmitted through the bites of mosquitoes. Georgian researchers say that there have not been major changes in the study outcomes since For instance, most women mention condoms as the main measure of protection against HIV. However, sex workers rarely use condoms with their regular clients. Sex work in Georgia is illegal and often police will confiscate condoms if they decide that a woman could be doing sex work. The research study showed that sex workers are well aware of HIV transmission when sharing needles and syringes. Besides, the recent study showed some interesting results concerning drug use. The most widely used non-injecting drugs were sleeping pills and sedatives in Tbilisi and marijuana in Batumi. As for the injecting drugs, 1. Gabriela says that she does not inject drugs but takes some pills. The woman has no problem to buy them in a pharmacy and uses substances at least once a week. We have been working with sex-workers for 20 years in five cities in Georgia and cover 3, people with our services annually. She is not going to change her lifestyle, but she wants to know if everything is all right with her health. In Tanadgoma, she will get recommendations not only about HIV because, according to Nino Tsereteli, another problem of sex workers in Georgia is violence. Sex workers do not always know how they can organize themselves to protect their rights, health and lives. In Tanadgoma, they can get knowledge and support of professional lawyers. For the first time in the history of Georgian music festivals, a team of volunteers delivered harm reduction services 24 hours a day during 4GB festival. The festival is dedicated to the memory of DJ Giorgi Bakanidze — one of the Georgian club music pioneers. Apart from the high-quality lineup, sound systems and headliners performing on stage, 4GB festival had another prominent feature — for the first time in the history of Georgian music festivals, a team of volunteers delivered harm reduction services 24 hours a day. Mandala — Harm Reduction youth project team members did their best to make sure that more than one hundred participants of the festival stay healthy. Thanks to this project, drug and alcohol intoxication, overdoses and other risky situations were brought to naught. Information about the new project first appeared in social networks. With the financial support of Doctors of the World France , 20 young volunteers, who received harm reduction training, were engaged in the project. According to Temur, the awareness-raising materials distributed at the festival were specially developed for young people — pocket-size brochures with the original design, which used simple language to describe a number of popular club drugs, their potential harms, and universal overdose prevention and safety rules. The brochure included a matrix showing the compatibility of different low- and high-risk drugs and a map of the festival territory marking the tent offering harm reduction services. The 4GB festival had a happy end. Participants of the Mandala — Harm Reduction project coordinated their efforts with the ambulance team, which they contacted over the radio in case of need. The 4GB organizers welcomed Mandala — Harm Reduction as it clearly demonstrated that such project is important for thousands of people who are brought together by such large-scale music event. Participants of the festival were also positive about the project. In such cases, access to timely assistance is very important. The festival is not an exception. The efforts of Mandala volunteers helped to mitigate the risks. Many young people lose self-control in the euphoria of the festival. The project initiators are optimistic and say that in the nearest future the idea of festival-based harm reduction will be extended to cover all the music events in Georgia. In the nearest future the idea of festival-based harm reduction will be extended to cover all the music events in Georgia. They said that young people might see it as an incentive for using drugs. However, we insisted until the end that this service is necessary. According to Mariam, the project is aimed at preserving the health of each festival participant, at mitigating the negative consequences of substance use and achieving behaviour changes. When some young people saw us, they were more eager to practice risky behaviours, hoping for our help. Thus, they reduced their own responsibility, shifting it on us. Such projects as Mandala — Harm Reduction are widely implemented at various music events all over the world, such as Amsterdam Open Air, Lollapalooza Paris, Tomorrowland, etc. Thanks to the harm reduction and methadone programmes, the rate of HIV transmission among injecting drug users went down in Implementing harm reduction programmes, changing attitudes towards drug users and protecting their rights was possible, in particular, thanks to the incredible efforts and commitment of civil society organizations. Thus, the Georgian Harm Reduction Network was founded in , bringing together 27 organizations. In , the Network had 9 service delivery sites all over the country. Starting from July , 14 service delivery sites have been operating in 11 Georgian cities. Such sites offer free services to people who use drugs: testing, clean syringes, counselling, legal support, case management, etc. In , 30, people who use drugs received at least one service offered by the Georgian Harm Reduction Network. That is why in cooperation with the community of drug users and various NGOs we offer our services not only in our centres but also in the places convenient for drug users. Besides, the Georgian Harm Reduction Network has six mobile clinics, which deliver services in 65 cities of Georgia. Since , with support of the Global Fund, the Network was able to mobilize the communities of drug users in response to the epidemics of hepatitis C and HIV. The first self-organizations — Hepa Plus and New Vector — became the champions in fighting for the rights of drug users. The community of drug users was the first to speak against the practice of compulsory drug testing, informing the drug users that they may refuse to undergo such testing run by law enforcement agencies. Apart from the fact that this procedure is rather humiliating, it also costs a lot of money to the country. The Georgian Harm Reduction Network hopes that after the Global Fund leaves the country and cuts the funding of harm reduction programmes, the government will rely on the experience of civil society organizations. Taking into account the coverage and the positive impact of such programmes in terms of reducing the spread of risky behaviours and preventing new cases of HIV and hepatitis, international experts strongly recommend increasing the state funding allocated for such programmes to cover more people who need such services. Another problem that drug users in Georgia face — difficulties in receiving medical aid in case of overdose, despite the fact that overdose is one of the main causes of deaths among drug users. Regulation of the Ministry of Health, which was in force since , did not allow ambulances to take patients with drug overdoses to inpatient hospital units before the arrival of patrol police. Besides, taking into account that in Georgia drug use is a criminal offence, drug users tried to hide any cases of overdose and even in critical circumstances refused to call an ambulance. According to the survey held by the Georgian Harm Reduction Network in , A big success of civil society organizations and human rights activists was the ban on notification of police by healthcare workers in case of overdoses in One of the most effective response measures to overdoses is naloxone, but in Georgia, this medicine can only be bought in pharmacies by prescriptions. On numerous occasions, various NGOs requested the Ministry of Health to increase the accessibility of naloxone, but there still have been no changes in this regard. Despite all changes, the Georgian drug policy remains inhumane. For example, a person who has four ecstasy pills may receive a stricter punishment than a person who commits a murder or a rape. Lack of reintegration programmes for ex-prisoners does not allow them to find a job, renew their social connections or receive an adequate psychosocial support. I have spent over three years in prison for drug use and almost died of the abstinence syndrome. My family fell apart. After I got out of jail, I have been looking for a job for a long time, but in vain. Nobody wanted to give me a job when they learned that I had a criminal record… Several times police took me for drug testing, right from the street and from my own yard, where I was having a walk with my small son… Four times, I received drug treatment, I did my best but as there is no psychosocial rehabilitation in Georgia, it all went wrong. Now I am a social worker and I help other drug users to fight for their rights and their health. I think that the repressions which ruined so many lives should end! That is why activists and the community advocate for the decriminalization of the drug use. They are not ready to accept a compromise and call on the government to use more humane approaches to drug users and amend the existing legislation. Two years ago, the central avenue of the Georgian capital — Tbilisi — became the epicentre of protest demonstrations. The protesters called on the authorities to change the repressive drug policies; new coalitions were founded; campaigns were initiated through mass media. The activism of civil society organizations, including self-organisations of drug users, gradually started bringing its result. The Prime Minister, Giorgi Kvirkashvili appealed to the Parliament calling for drug policy liberalization. On 16 June , members of the Parliament supported the draft law developed by the Ministry of Justice, stating that 70 grams of dry cannabis and grams of raw cannabis were considered as small amounts of the substance, the purchase and possession of which leads only to administrative responsibility. In December , the Constitutional Court of Georgia supported decriminalization of cannabis. It decided that bringing up criminal proceedings for the use of cannabis was against the Constitution and banned such practice. Georgian people said that this court decree was revolutionary. Striving to accelerate the progress in changing the laws and establish a humane drug policy, experts and civil society activists founded the National Drug Policy Platform. Over 40 participants of the Platform were involved in the development of a draft law, stipulating decriminalization of all types of drugs in adequate quantities and the development of harm reduction and psychosocial rehabilitation programmes. The Portugal model was used as the best practice as it allowed reducing the number of people with drug dependence, significantly decrease the growth of new HIV cases and deaths caused by drug overdoses. Recently, consideration of the draft law registered by the Platform in the Parliament in July was postponed for two months. The reason of such delay was the lack of consensus among the clergy, MPs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It appeared that the Ministry of Justice developed an alternative draft law on the amounts of narcotic substances. This draft law defines the amounts of only six substances amphetamine, desomorphine, MDMA, LSD, ephedrone, and methamphetamine and reduces the small amounts of two substances heroin and methadone. According to the civil society activists, such amendments are fragmentary and do not resolve the existing problems. They say that the draft law developed by the Ministry of Justice ignores many injustices and systematic issues in the drug policy. April 22, In News. August 22, In News. Selected abstracts will get free registration. Please find here more information. August 14, In News. May 9, In News. September 4, In News. Gocha lives in a small town of Telavi. Nikoloz is a former police officer. June 5, In News.
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