Ebony Tree
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The best time to plant black ebony was 20 years ago. The second best time is now!
Black Ebony is one of the most valuable and expensive types of wood in the world; prized for its dark
heartwood. Traditionally, Blackwood has been used for charcoal, native carvings, combs, needles, cups and
knife handles. Because of its high density, texture and waxiness, it is ideal for the production of woodwind
musical instruments like clarinets and is a superior wood for holding the metal fittings of guitar fret
boards and prized for the making of fine furniture.
Because of the relative rarity of high-quality pieces Black Wood commands, a high price. Sawn logs
currently sell at US $9,000 per cubic meter while processed timber for clarinets fetches up to US $13,000
per cubic meter. (Sebastian M. M. Chuwa - Conservation of the Mpingo Tree (Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill &
Perr.) in Tanzania). To put into perspective, high-quality veneer grade white oak sawlogs sell on average
for US $120 per cubic meter. (MJK Marketing). Due to the high value of this wood, many species of Ebony are
now extinct, on the verge of extinction, endangered or vulnerable.
Black Ebony has been a wood that for two, or three, or four hundred years, we’ve gone into
countries, and we’ve used it until it’s all gone. Literally. Then we move into another country, and we
take their Black Ebony till it’s all gone." - Bob Taylor (Taylor Guitars)
Some Black Ebony species have been placed on the endangered species list published by IUCN - The IUCN Red List of Threatened
Species.
Gaboon Ebony is listed in the CITES Appendix III and is on the IUCN Red List. Gabon Ebony
is listed as endangered due to extensive logging the past 100 years. This tree is now classified as
commercially extinct and endangered. Black Wood is also the heaviest wood in the world weighing more than 70
pounds per cubic food. Balsa Wood on the other hand is one of the lightest woods weighing less than 1 pound
per cubic foot. Interestingly, a tree’s growth rate seems to be related to weight. As the heaviest wood,
Black Ebony is also the slowest growing at just one half of an inch per year, while Balsa can grow 10 feet
or more per year.
Mun Ebony is one of a handful of Ebony tree species that are native to Asia: more
specifically, it’s native to Vietnam and Laos. Due to exploitation and drastic reductions in natural
populations, export of this species is currently banned. It is on the IUCN Red List as critically endangered
due to a reduction of over 80% in the past three generations, caused by a decline in its natural range, and
over harvesting.
Makassar Ebony was considered a replacement for African Black Ebony, often named as such
to keep up with demand and fetch a higher price. It is on the IUCN Red List due to a population reduction of
over 50% in the past three generations.
African Black Ebony has been classified as vulnerable due to unsustainable harvesting. If
the current trend continues, industry experts predict that this tree may be on the path to extinction within
15 years. (american.edu) (African Timber Ban - Uta Saoshiro) (African
Blackwood - Mpingo)
Wild Dwarf Ebony is already extinct. Artificial Cultivation has been underway in an effort to
reintroduce a cloned species back into the wild.
Typically, Black Ebony does not grow in thick stands or under a closed forest cover but prefers a more
solitary existence, often taking hold in rocky and infertile soils where other plants cannot survive. This
characteristic seems to derive from its inability to compete successfully with other plants. During its
early years the tree develops an extensive system of roots to sustain its life during the long months of the
African dry season. Growth of the tree is incremental; it takes 70-200 years to attain a usable size and
mature trees never exceed a height of 9 m. (about 30 feet) and 0.3 m. (1 foot) in diameter. Some prize
specimens have been reported with a 1 m. (3 feet) diameter and a 5 m. (16 feet) clear bole, but these were
rare treasures of a once virgin savannah.
Black Ebony is a much-branched, many-stemmed, spiny shrub of dry woodland and savannah that drops its
leaves in the dry season. The leaves are pinnate with 3-5 leaflets, flowers are white and sweetly scented,
and the fruits are a blunt pinnate pod with 1-4 seeds, which are in short supply. Flowering takes place in
the second dry season, covering most of the branches when the tree is leafless, much like a temperate fruit
tree. Seed pods mature about 7 months after flowering. The trunk or bark is pale grey to pale brown and the
bole is often deeply fluted but usually under 5 feet long to the first major branch, under 11 inches in
diameter and often finely scored in the wild. It commonly has more than one stem. Large trees may have low
buttresses, especially on the branches and boles of younger trees. Older trees are heavily branched with a
well-developed crown.
Not all Black Wood is the same; the darker the wood, the more valuable it is. The darkest wood is referred
to as “pure” and is the rarest Black Wood of all. The most expensive and prized Black Wood only comes from
Black Ebony trees that are 150 years old or more. Almost all the marketable trees were harvested long ago
and the few that are left are in danger of being poached. The wood from young trees is light brown and is
less valuable, usually cut when the tree is just 50 years old.
There may be a solution for disappearing Black Ebony. As it happens, this tree makes an excellent bonsai
tree. They grow small and compact, typically attaining a height of just 3 or 4 feet. Annual reductions will
keep the tree small and squat. Pruning will also increase trunk width, which is desirable for future wood
harvesting. It can be grown indoors or a greenhouse if the outdoor climate is less than suitable. A few
thousand people growing Bonsai Black Ebony would keep these valuable trees from extinction, which scientists
predict will be in less than 15 years from now.
The following comments were collected from a national wood products discussion forum using Black Ebony.
Some of the guitar companies are saying that Rosewood and Black Ebony are getting too scarce to use as
fingerboard material and have switched to a synthetic for same. Wouldn't it be possible to grow either/or in
the US? Is there not a climate amenable in our country somewhere? Commercial plantations in the US would
ensure supply and overcome the import regulations.
The best time to plant trees was 20 years ago. The second best time is now!
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Texas ebony tree grows quite well in Southern Arizona. Native to the Chihuahuan desert, this highly decorative tree is remarkably drought tolerant. Under ideal conditions, it grows to 30 feet tall with an equal spread. Medium green, compound leaves are arranged along thorny branches that twist and change direction repeatedly. Cream colored, fragrant clusters of flowers are produced from late spring to fall. These sweetly fragrant flowers are followed by large, dark brown seedpods. Texas ebony grows rather slowly, eventually becoming a small to medium-sized tree with a dense canopy. Formerly known as Pithecellobium flexicaule , Texas ebony tree was recently renamed Ebenopsis ebano .
Plant Texas ebony tree in the fall or spring in full or partial sunlight. It tolerates almost all soil conditions from deep, well-drained soil types to heavy clay. Water newly planted Texas ebony trees thoroughly, every 7 to 10 days, for the first year. In its natural form, Texas ebony grows a dense canopy to the ground. Prune in early summer to raise the canopy. Prune only a few side branches, until the crown is at the desired height. Wear protective clothing when working with this tree, as its stipular spines are very sharp. Water established Texas ebony trees twice a month in the summer and monthly in the winter. Falling seedpods create litter that may be a problem in high traffic areas.
*Our plant guide provides informational resources regarding plants that we commonly use. HORTICULTURE UNLIMITED IS NOT A NURSERY OR SUPPLIER. We obtain necessary materials for installation purposes only, and recommend consulting a nursery or supplier for direct purchasing needs.
*Our plant guide is an informational resource only about plants that we commonly use.
***WE ARE NOT A NURSERY OR SUPPLIER***
We obtain necessary materials for installation purposes only, and recommend consulting a nursery or supplier for your direct purchasing needs.
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morabaraba game board made of ebony
Related Topics:
American ebony
calamander
black ebony
Coromandel ebony
Macassar ebony tree
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ebony , wood of several species of trees of the genus Diospyros (family Ebenaceae), widely distributed in the tropics. The best is very heavy, almost black, and derived from heartwood only. Because of its colour, durability, hardness, and ability to take a high polish, ebony is used for cabinetwork and inlaying, piano keys, knife handles, and turned articles. It was employed by the ancient kings of India for sceptres and images and, because of its supposed antagonism to poison, for d
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