Dating Pontil Marks

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The typical round iron pontil mark or scar pictured above right is on a common pepper sauce bottle that dates from the 1850s or early 1860s . The residual iron is very distinct and the outline of where the bare iron pontil tip fused obvious .
Pretty much all glassware made up until about 1780 will have this rough pontil mark . After that date glassware was still made with a pontil iron, which still left a rough mark , but that rough mark was more often polished out leaving a round depression in the base of the glass .
Utilitarian bottles with pontil marks usually date from or prior to the American Civil War era, i .e ., ≤1860-1865, and virtually always prior to the early 1870s, though can date much earlier than the earliest timeframe this website covers (late 18th century) .
There a quite a few types of pontil marks or scars but the two most common are the open pontil (O .P .) and the iron pontil (I .P .) . The open pontil will be be seen more often on smaller and lighter bottles and the iron pontil on larger and heavier bottles . Bottles that exhibit either one of these marks will generally date between 1830 and 1860 .
I n the lower pair (Figure 12, c,d), dating from the late 18th and 19th centuries, the sand pontil mark is less distinctive . Almost the entire basal surface is disturbed and is frequently rough- ened by embedded grains of sand or glass chips .
Is a pontil mark present along with disappearing side mold seams? This bottle probably dates circa 1820 to 1860 .
goblet dating from c1740-50: good, genuine period engraving . Left: Magnified view showing the wear and tear - the nicks and knocks of cen-turies . This does not detract from the value of the glass . Above: fig . 1 . Note in the centre of the foot the clear pontil mark (a) made as the pontil rod was snapped from the glass . Note the
A pontil mark is a variably sized and type of scar left on the base of a bottle by a pontil rod . A typical pontil rod or "punte" was a long (4-6 feet) iron rod which was securely attached to the base of the just blown hot bottle . This attachment process was called "empontilling ."
Prior to the mid 19th Century, pontil marks were the signature of glass bottles . A pontil is a rod made of iron that was used to hold the bottle during the manufacturing process . As a result, the rod would leave a ring-shaped mark on the base of the bottle, known as the pontil mark . Pontil mark is an indication that the bottle was mouth-blown .
During the manufacturing process several typical marks were left in the glass . Today these marks can help prove the authenticity of a piece of Georgian glass . The most significant mark is the pontil mark which is the glass scar normally found on the base . The pontil mark was created when the glass was broken free of the blowpipe .
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Dating Pontil Marks